1928-09-22 — Page 13

R

THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH.

ORIGIN OF

PETROLEUM.

How Motor Fuel Was Evolved.

་

MOTORING SUPPLEMENT, SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER

overcome is, firstly, that the dif- ECONOMIC TRANSPORT. ferent crudes vary considerably. and, secondly, that the same sort of crudes are found in totally differ- 'Miloare at a minimum of main- ent types of rocks. The first theory tenance, le, in a phrase, the do- to be advanced was that petroleum alderatum of every owner of h had been formed by volcable or commercial mator vehicle, but the mechanical means, ie, the varying record of d Bolton firm in this temperatures and pressure Inside respect is possibly unique. There is hardly any subject the earth had caused certain This firm ran a Thornycroft 30- In this "Radio Talk to Motorista" |

En-which offers a larger field for con- chemical reactions to take place cwt. vehicle for two and a half of the tho experts gineering Division, Automotive troversy than that of the origin with the ultimate formation of years, and completed nearly 40,000 Department, Vacuum O Co. Pty of petróleum. Theories as to how petroleum,

It has been found by chemical miles at a total cost for repairs

of 19/4d. Ltd., discuss the origin and occur.it has been formed have been ad-

It is no exaggeration to say that rances of petroleum, the minéral vanced as far back as 1894, but analysis that petroleum consists of which has played such a big part still no definitely satisfactory solu- a number of different combinations in the progress of the world dur- tion has been arrived at. The of carbon and hydrogen called only a vehicle of first-rate desige ing the past few years.

chief dificulty which has to be hydrocarbons. Certain of these workmanship could give such, trouble-frea and economical hydrocarbons can be mada in ajaervice for years, and it is ex-

aboratory by mixing together car bon and hydrogen under suitable periences auch as this that reveal conditions of temperature and unquestionably the consistent re- lability of Thornycroft vehicles pressure. These conditions might assuring for them over increas have been attained at some period

ing demand amongst discerning of the earth's formation; however, and experienced users of motor nobody has yet been able to makó

transport. either crude petroleum or its pro- ducts in a laboratory. Owing to

TAX KEEPS UP ROADS. various other evidence, present- day opinion is decidedly against

According to the U. S. Bursaú this theory. This leaves us with of Public Roads, 90 per cent of the other theories, one of which is gasoline taxes gathered in the that patroleum is of animal origin, country are used for road improve- and the other that it is of vegetablements and upkeep. origin Each of these theories has

Nash New "400" Series Important Features.

Three series.

14 onclosed models, G opon modals.

4 wheelbase lengths.

Salon bodies.

Twin Ignition motor,

Aircraft type spark plugs.

High compression.

Bonnalite aluminum pistons.

(invar struts)

7-bearing crankshaft.

(hollow orankpins)

Houdsille and Lovejoy shock absorbers.

(oxclusive Nash mounting). Torsiona vibration damper. New double drop frame.

Bijur contralized chassis lubrication.

(lubricates 31 vital parts by 1 stroke)

One piece Salon fondora.

Clear vision front pillor posis.

All exterior molaiware chromo

plated over nickel.

Bhorter turning radius.

Longor wheelbase

Easier steering.

Bady rubber insulated from frame.

Biflex-Nash bumpare and bumparotts.

PRZE RIDE FOR PROSPECTIVE BUYERS

Twin

CREATEN:-

Ignition.

More power and great speed.

Fuel Economy. Faster Burning,

Thorough Combustion,

Dniform power impulses, Higher compression with

Absence of aparte knock.

All cera with spare tyro & complote net of tools A, .

NASH STANDARD SIX1

Touring_im

2-doar Bedan

.G31.200

4-door Bedan

1.285 1.360

Cabriolet..

1 616

NASH SPECIAL SIX: Touring

1.450

2 door Bedant.....................................

4-door Bedan............................ Cabriolet....

1.435 1.626

1,516

NASH ADVANCED SIX:

enter touring..............

1.760

2 163

7-enter 4-door Soden'.

STOCKS CARRIED. Prices for other models on application.

WONG SIU WOON Sole Agent for SOUTH CHINA.

PHONE C, 1474.

21, POTTING STREET. Service Station76 Des Vœux Road Central. Phone C: 1474.

NATIONAL

BATTERIES

give the biggest value at the most

Reasonal PRICE:,"

TYPE

CAR

PRICE

611RF

Auburn 4, Buick, Ford, Chrysler 4, Chevrolet, Whippet 4, Plymouth.

$22.50

$115F

Chrysler 62, Essex,

Jewett, Graham, Erskine,

Whippet 6, Oldsmobile.

$25,00.

613RF

Buick, Studebaker

light & Sta. 6, Gardner,

Willys Knight.

$27.50

6138F

Auburn 8, Buick M. 6, Chandler, Hudson, Packard 6,

$32.50

615RF

Ohrysler 72 & 80, Stude-

baker Big & Spec. 6

Packard 8, Nash, La Salle, Cadillac.

$40.00

127SF

Dodge before 1926, Graham Truck.

$45.00

your next battery should be a

NATIONAL.

BIG SHIPMENT

ARRIVED.

Sole Agents:

NATIONAL

BATTERIES

A. LUNG & COMPANY

19, Queen's Road Centrál

HONG KONG,

on

has

its supporters, and there is a con- facture of printing ink and i siderable amount of evidence in much superior to lamp-black. It là favour of each. The theory of also used in the rubber tyre in. the animal origin of petroleumdustry. In the natural gas obtain. rcats largely experimental ed in certain oilfields there is a work. By distilling the oll obtait-considerable amount of petrol ed from certain Japanese codfish, which is recovered by a compres kerosene has actually been made aion process, In America this in- Identical with that obtained from dustry has reached large propor ordinary petroleum. Parafin wax tione, and the petrol obtained is has also been obtained from this known as "casing-head gasoline."" nah oil. If this theory were cor- The American ollfields are by far rect, large masses of animal mattor the largest and at the present would have to be accumulated in time they produce about 70 per one place to produce petroleum in cent, of the world's supply. Moxico the quantities in which it is found. is the next largest producer, with One of the chief objections to the about 10 per cent, and then Russia theory is that no masses of animal with about 5 per cent.

The oilfield in Venezuela matter are being accumulated at the present day, but, of course, it only been developed within the last le always possible that these three or four years, and in 1925 accumulations have occurred in the output had reached nearly two the past. Another objection and one half million tons. The that animal remains would contain crudes, from the different felds a large amount of phosphorus, vary greatly in character. Al- whereas this is rarely associated though all petroleum consists of with petroleum. The theory of different combinations of carbon vegetable origin reste on much and hydrogen, called hydrogar- aurer evidence than either of the bons, there are many different other two. We know for certain kinds of these hydrocarbons, and that there have been wnat accumu: the oil varies according to which lations of vegetable matter, and of them are present. In the re- that these accumulations are still fining process one kind can be got being formed at the present day. rid of or changed into another It has also been found that coal, kind, so you can see that the when distilled, will yield very quality and character of the similar products' to those obtained finished product depends more up- by the distillation of petroleum,on careful and tried refining pro- and there is no doubt that coal is ceases than on the character of the

Whether original crude. of vegetable origin. vegetable remains have passed under certain conditions into coul and under others into petróleum. or whether coil is an Intermediate stage in the production of petro- leum, is not definitely known as yet. As regards Mexican petro- leum, there is excellent evidence to show that it has been formed from a certain. kind of Benweed which is present in large quantities in the Golf of Mexico. Generally. the geological evidence is rather confusing, as same point to an Animal origin and some to a have Different ulla vegetable. undoubtedly originated in different ways, but the majority are most probably of vegetable origin.

in

It is a eurious fact that petro- leum appears to have, in some cases, a very injurious effect on the surrounding vegetation, and regions whore, the rainfall is small the all-bearing areas are usually batren wastes, with practically no vekelation at all. Yet in other countries where the rainfall is abundant the vegetation suiters very little; in Borneo and Sumatra we find dense tropical forests growing in ground covered in oily slime. The presence of petroleom jin a certain district does not always give rise toedrface In- dications. Many of the largest off-fields of the world owe their discovery to the easual striking of oil in wells sunk for water. In aome regions the presence of oil is Indicated by seepages to the sur face; on two occasions, in 1908 and 1909 great quantities of oil sud- denly issued from cracks in the ground along the trans-Caucasian railway in Russia, temporarily putting the line out of action.

In some of the American, Russian, and Mexican fields, as soon as the drill reached the oil- bearing rock, it rushed forth in an enormous gusher, often reaching a baight of several bundred feet. In the early days, hundreds of tons of oil were lost before the gusher could be brought under control, but in most instances, nowadays, these gushers can be controlled fairly quickly. These guzhers are due to the pressure exerted by enormous quantities of natural gas, the pressure oftep rising to over 1,000lb. per square inch In many oilfields this gas escapes from cracks in the ground; It was this gua escaping that ¡caused the eternal fires of Baku.

Nowadays, this gas is put to commercial use, and in- Alberta, Canada, the town of Lethbridge is lit by this natural gas, as was also the Queensland town of Roma. The presence of natural gas does not always mean that petroleum is present but it is usually associated with it. A very important product obtained from natural gas in car- bon-black. This is used as a pig. ment chiefly In the

manu-

|firestor HOLDFAST PATCH STOCK

PIRESTONE

1928.

FIRESTONE TYRE ACCESSORIES

Save Tyres and Tubes

With a small assortment of Firestone Tyre Accessories, you can protect-

and yourself against trouble on the road. They save time, Inconvenienco money, and provide the truest form of tyre insurance. Let us serve you. MOST MILES PER DOLLAR

Firestone

THE DRAGON MOTOR CAR CO., LTD.

Telephone Central 1246 or 1247.

33, WONG NEI CHUNG ROAD,

HIGHWAYS IN U. 8,

There are 3,001,826 miles of rond

CANADA'S WELCOME.

... HAPPY VALLEY.

Forty standards, both new and in this country. Of all this mile- revised, were presented to the So age, only 666,000 miles have been clety of Automotive Engineers at

their summer meeting in Quebec, improved to some degree.

Why changed motoring conditions demand the

use

of quality oil

ONE TO 94 IN CUBA,

Cuba, with one automobile to every 94 persons, ranks twenty. second in the world census of au- tomobile registrations.

No. 3 Why good roads are hard on engines

To-day four miles of smooth road stretch out before you to every milo that beckoned a year ago.

Watch your speedometer. On a smooth road you get more comfort at 40 miles an hour than a rough road will give you at 20 milles.

But note this:-

The load on your engine increases rapidly as you press down the accelerator.

Engineers know that it takes, three times as much power to run a car at 40 miles an hour as it takes to run the same car at 20 miles an hour.

In other words. As the speed doubles -the power requirement trebles.

Where does this power come from? The engine. How? By providing more power impulses more revolutions of the crankshaft more piston strokos,

With this increased work your oll must travel faster-that's sure. It must resist more friction-that'e certain. It must

more

heat that's stand up under inevitable.

MAKE THE CHART "

YOUR GUIDE.

“The nervem quedam at Carposto Habla ter zagine and gear bang Sukrination of prostatë pasvagné dari sen spotkać baben. · il gaps one to not listed here, me the

Carm

· Aradomy Bikobar 10 kg.

c.

*

Chaves 4, 14, 314, B15 K► Jan

Demnley (45-p, sad 19/30 kg.

sil other vétk

3:09.....

a mihar Madala vang.

Ford Model T...

Expl...

Macri Cowley

Oxford 16. has

..... شفرتين

Ovejant di rockard

Mandard 14/20 hp. à 35 3

Muus Zalake

VACUUM

1990

: ་རངས།:ཡོན་་་* ༞ *་་་་

ཁྲོཡཎཔརནདརབྦོ།ཎྜར**ས་བར་4:«་་་་་་་

-་་་་་-c sTe«་ ས་་་ས<-

COYLE

baasongannoPro Jensson; 2ą, nanan"En:

sapnangan: afkn 2700; ankkanaana #n:

jaaananɣans afka; waaaz aakaoenaasgen

Mobiloil

Make the chart your guide":

OIL

Does It, Does the lubricant you are using rise to this new need? - Are you guessing are you using just any oil? Or are you playing fe with quality Mobilo!!?

Improved roads demand that you use. Moblicil, Higher speeds, faster travel,

'mean a gruelling test for lubricating oil.. Ordinary oils simply will not stand up. Olla that are cheap to buy will not prove cheap to use.

The Vacuum Oll Company has made' scientific lubrication Its aim for over sixty years. First and foremost scientific lubrication means providing an oil of a quality that will meet all conditions that, Pour car will encounter,

COMPANY.