1915-01-19 — Page 10

DIARY OF WAR.

COUNTRIES AT WAR.

Germany

Aitstria

Turkey

against

Britain.

Russia.

France.

Belgium. Japan.

Servia.

ARMY TERMS EXPLAINED.

Army corpa is a complete army

Division is a force of infantry, cavalry, and artillery, usually with a strength of from 15,000 to 20,000 men.

Brigade is a force of infantry or

cavalry. The infantry brigade

is from 4,000 to 7,000 strong The cavalry brigade is from! 1,000 to 2,000 strong. Regiment of infantry is from 2,000 to 4,000 strong. A cavalry regiment is from 500

to 1,000 mon strong.

Squadron of cavalry is from 150

to 200 man' strong.

Battery of artillery in the British

and French armies has 6 guns

In the

8

Russian Army it consists of

guns and 250 men..

Events that Brought it About. 1878.-Berlin Congress charges Austria-Hungary with the wonpation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. 1835-Austria-Hungary

Servia.

BIV68

Servia from destruction by Bulgaria. 1906.-Tariff war between Austria-Hungary and 1908. —Annexation of Bosnia and Herzegovina by Austria- Hungary. 1912-Serbo-Bulgarian Alliance with a clause against

Austrians. Patriotic

are hors de combat.

►

THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH, TUESDAY, JANUARY 19, 1915,

་

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"..

right bank of the Year Canal.

.

Des. 23.-Germans from Ger Nov. 28.Russians" ront Aus-'man South West Africa advance trians, taking 7,000 prisoners and against Angola in force. Portugal many, guns. Announced that preparing to intervene in war on German oruisers in Pacific have side of Allies.

"하

J

ns. The U.8. Government protests to Britain at alleged

that 3.- Reported

Deo. 7.-German occupation of Lodz announced. Servians every where repulse Austrians and take 2,400 prisoners.

Jan. 1-British battleship Formidable sank in the Channel. Army Ordere announce oreation of new Armales.

Jan. 2.Business intereafu. Washington protest against any legislation restricting the export of munitions of war to the bellige rents in Europe.

September 7.-Announced that “real progress" reported..

surrender of Teiogtan is uncon- of German armies in Poland. from indisposition and has left outside Buckingham Palace. H.M.S. Pathfinder struck a mine Oct. 14. — Announced that ditional. Rassian cavalry eaters British battleship Bulwark blown for front. Further progress by the

August 4-Earl Kitchener off the East coast and rapidly Russian oruisers sink two German German territory from beyond up at Sheerness.

Allies in both theatres of war. sails, but is recalled. "War foundered. Official report issued submarines in the Baltic. Cana, the Vistula.

Nov. 27-Mr. Lloyd George Deo. 22.-British warships off declared between Britain and stating that German enveloping dian contingent arrives at PlyNov. 9.-Colonial contingents announces that the War Loan bas Falklands capture two new H.A.L. Germany,

movement is abandoned; British mouth. H.M.S. Yarmouth inke given great reception at Lord been largely over-subsoribed. Mr. boats which had bean acting as August 6,-Germans invade superiority over Germans clearly the Markomannis and captures Mayor's Show. Patriolio aparches Winston Churchill reviews the supply ships to German Fleet. Belgium, Japan to take measures demonstrated.

the Pontoporos (Emdon's supply at the Guildhall banquet. Ger- naval situation, in the House of Announced that Lieut. Comdr. to discharge Treaty obligations September 8.-Russiansoaptare ships) of Sumatra,

man oruiser Emden eiught of Commons. Announced that Ger- Holbrook awarded || V.O. for to Britain, Germans violate Dutch Mikolajoff and Rawaraska, and Oct. 15.-Allies make further Cocos Islands by H.M.A.S.Sydney; man submarine sinks steamere Dardanelles exploit,' territory at Tilbourg. Russian convert Galicia into Russian progress, occupying a line from engagement ensues; Emden goat Malachite and Primo near Havre. and German troops in contact on Province.

Ypres to the sea...M.S. Hwke ashore and is burnt out; Com frontier. Bombardment of September 10.-Force of 60,000 sunk by eubmarine in the North mander and a nephew of the Liege begün by Germans. Germans harrying through Bol: Sea..

Kaiser's among the prisoners. Sir John French gazetted Inspec-"gium to sesist defeated Right

Qot. 10.-Four German de- Nov. 10. -- German cruiser tor General of British Forces; Wing in France. British forces stroyers sunk off the Dutch coast. Koenigsberg imprisoned in the nut left Chilian waters since the Dao. 24.French Parliament Montenegro Admiral Jellicoe becomes su bross the Marue; enemy retreat 25 Oct. 17, 18 and 19. Further Rafigi River, German Eset engagement off, Valparaiso. Morn-votes war: credita exceeding

preme commander of the Fleet. . miles.

advances of Allies reported, not Africa y sinking of colliera at ing Post'e Petrograd correspond. 341 millious sterling. German" August 6.-German troops re- Sept. 11. German retreat con-ably on the Left Wing. French the river's mouth. Russians eat says bulk of German army in aeroplane drops bomb on Dover, ported to have been repulsed by tinues; announced that in four cruiser Waldeck Rousseau sinks still advancing in Poland and Poland is irrevocably lost in the doing no damage. Belgians in fighting near Liege days the Allies have advanced Austrian sabmarine off Dalmatian East Prussia.

best event...t

Dec, 25. British seaplanes, Numerous German prizes 37.1-2 miles. British squadrons coset,

1 Nov. 12.-Severe fighting in Nov. 30.-Announced that His oruisers, alo, sitiok German on a small scale in itself. The brought to British ports. Earl make a complete sweep of the Oct. 20.-Japanese occupy France and Belgium; Germans Majesty the King has left for warships off Cuxhaven, and atrength varies from 35,000 to Kitchener appointed Secretary North Sea; no German ship soon. Marshall, Marianne and Caroline take Dizmude, but Allies hold France on a visit to British novel engagement easues, British 45,000 men.

for War:

H.MS Amphion Sept. 12.-Whole German Islands.

their own elsewhere. Farther| Headquarters.

dropping bombs on points of sinks German mine-layer Koenigin right wing falling back in disord. Oct. 21-Announced that the Russian advance in East Prussia. Dec. 1-Russians capture military significance. Hussions. Laise and later strikes mine and or, Allies pursuing them. German Emden sinks five more British Admiralty announces that, in ab Austrian positions defending the rout Germans and Austriane, and sinks herself.

Car lry reported exhausted. vessels and captures another. sence of information, loss of passes to the Carpathians. Aa-Allies continue to do well in August 7.-German Cavalry Provinces of Antwerp and Lim- British warships do great work craisers Good Hope and Mar-nounced that Russians during the Flanders and in France. division routed by Belgians in barg entirely free of enemy.off the Belgian cast, shelling the mouth must be seaumed. first half of Novembar took Dec. 26. Germons admit Luxemburg. Germany asks for Australian Squadron occupies enemy's trenches and wrecking Nov. 13. Mr. Asquith annoan- | 50,000 Austrian prisonera. failure of their efforts on the armistice; admits 25,000 men Herbertshohe, German New six batteries. Germans who had ces that British dasaalties in Deo, 2-Prince of Wales' Bzuro,

Quines. French troops occupy advanced on Warsaw compelled France up to October 31 total Fund totals £4,000,000. King Dac. 27-The Czar arrives at August 9.-Germans evacuate Soissons and Luneville. German to retreat, Russians purcing 57,000. Christian De Wet's ro George and President Poinoare the front.

them. British naval fitill con- bal commando severely defeated visit British forces. Germany Dec. 20.-Austrians in pre- Luxemburg owing to French eft wing retreating, advance. Japan issues ultimatum Sept. 14. Germane evacuate tinnes to bombard Germaniauk. by General Botha. Announsod apologises to Portugal for invasion cipitate retreat in the Carpath- to Germany. German submarine Amiens, and give way at Ravigny Oct. 23.-Severe fighting on that supplementary vote for an of Angola,

Brabant-le-roi, warship. and acak by British

Doc. Crown the Left Wing, the Allies con other million men will be asked August 14.- Liege still Prince's Army driven back.tinuing to mske progress, for, bringing British Army up loan sirman drops bombe on Krupp interference with American come intact. Belgium asks France French territory on samt frontier Steamer Crefeld arrives es. Las 2,180,400, exclusive of Territori factory at Eseen. Australian and merce by the British Fleet. Allies to accommodate 2,000 Garman free of enemy. Russians captare Palmas with the crews of 13 als.

New Zealand contingents dieem- make good progress in Belgium Transportation of 8,000 prisonera and great quan- steamers cank by the German Nov. 14-Egyptian Mohamme-bark in Egypt. General De Wet and Southern Alsace. and about 200 men. In the prisonera. German Army Consista of 4 French troops to Belgium som tities of war materialatka waruska, cruiser Karlsruhe, mostly in the dans give expression to remark uapared. Belgrade occupied by Dec. 31-French battleship gans and 150 men.

able feelings of loyalty towards Austriane. plete; whole force ready to advance, and occupy Czernovitza. Serviane Atlantic.

Deo. 4.-Announced that, after reported to be torpedoed in the Adriatio. Union forces re- Belgians drive enemy eastward; defeat 90,000 Austrians at the Oct. 24-British destroyer British. no German cavalry between Hat- angle of the Rivers Drina and Badger sinka Goraan submarine Nov. 15.-Death of Earl six weeks, the Austro-Hungarian occupied Walfisch Bay. Austro- selt and Ramillies.

Save, Announced that thermar off Dutch coast. Announced that" bertein France announced. Fight-war loan of £160,000,000 is only lians occupy Bungsinville, in the August 15.-French troops oraiser Hela was eank by hostile there are nine German quisere ing atill continues in Belgium, half-subscribed.

Solomon Islands. French occupy enter Belgiam at Charleroi. submarine.

Dec. 5.-King George returns Steinbach, in Alsace. on the high song, and that 70 Germans being thrown back to Bavarian Army Corps defeated by Sapt. 18-Crown Prince's warships of the Allies are march

to London. French at Avricourt and Cire. Army driven further back. Alliesing for them...

November 16. - Votes for ocupy Rheime; 800 prisoners Oct. 25 to 28.-Allies ontinue $225,000,000 and for a million August 16-Japan sends captured on the right of the to progress on the Loft Wing, more men passed by the House ultimatum to Gorm.ny" demand- British. Announced that Brig- and Russians advance to lowicz of Commons. Announced that ing that Kiazchau be handed over adier General N. Findlay is killed. and Lodz, driving the Germans H.M.S. Canopus is safe. German Deo, 8-Allies make progress to Japan, with a view to eventual Sixteen hundred German prison before them. French drive enemy regiment annihilated soath of in Flanders, and a German ad restoration to China; answer ers landed in England.

avar frontier east of Nancy,

Bixschoote. Isported that Rus vance is now regarded as imposs required by noon on August 23. Sept. 18, 19 and 20.-Baitle of

Oct. 28.-Five men sentenced sian Fleet Leaves Helsingfors to ible. Losses of Germans in the French Flest attacks Austrian the Aisne continues, German to death in connection with the give battle to the Germans. battles before. Lodz stated to be

Jan. 3.-Allies in France and Fleet off Budus, sinking two counter-attacks failing. Germana aasassination of Prince Frunz November 17.-Princa of 100,000. Parie Bourse reopens. Belgium and Rassians in Poland ironclads and setting fire to fire on Rheims Cathedral, setting Ferdinand, and others cost into Wales leaves for the front. Mr. Illness of the Kaiser announced: progress in spite of bad weather. another.

historic building on fire.

penal servitude.

Lloyd George outlines financial December 9-General Bayera Jan. 5. Russians follow up August 17-Officially 20- Sept. 22.-H.M.ships Aboukir, Oct. 29-Russians break re- proposals in House of Com- meets tragic end in engagement successss against Austrians and nounced that British Expedi- Cressy and Hogne sank by sistance of last units of theenemy mons, including War Loan of on the Vaal River. Announced Tarks by making many captures, tionary Force safely lands on German sabmarines in the North north of the Pilics, and the whale $350,000,000,

that German cruisers Scharnhorst,Decisive Russian victory in Hary- French soil.

Sea. Battle of the Aisne con-Austro-German Army retreats.

November 18-War Loan Gneisensu and Leipzig were sunk kamyab, estire Turkish Corps, August 18.- Belgian Royal tinues without appreciable Oat. 30-Reported that the quoted from par to one-half per by British Squadron off Falkland including General Commanding, Family and Government move to change in the situation. Emdon enters Penang harbour cent. premium. Japanese Am Islands. Alfies make marked being capturad, and another Brussels.

Sept. 23 to 26.-The great and sinks the Tussian cruiser bassador 1 ares Constantinople, progress in Flanders; Dutch Corpa paraned. August 20.-Germana occupy battle continues; German coaator-Jemchug and a French destroyer British Turd Division shelled papers assort that Allies con- Jan. 6-General Joffre con=” Brussels...

attacks being everywhere repals Turkish warshipe eater open port out of tranches, but brilliantly template advance on Ostond and gratulates Russia on her victory August 22.-Germana impose ed. Land"fighting begins around of Odesss and bombard Russian counter-attack and drive Germans Antwerp.

over the Turks, adding that the war levies of £2,000,000 and Tsingtau. £8,000,000 rospectively

on Sept. 27.-Oapital of the Cambipa. Turkish oruiser bombarda back in disorder. German Fleet December 10.-Announced that Allies in all theatres of war are

Theodosia, in the Crimea.

German cruiser Nurnberg was now preparing for final victory. Province of Liege and Oity of roons surrendere unconditionally

Oct. 31.-Germans attempt

November 10-Russians pro-alao sunk off the Falklands, Germany agrees to British pro- Brussels. Canadian House of, to British Force.

general offensive movement from 'gressing in East Prussia and Dutch papers report that peal for an exchange of prisoners Commons paea war appropriation Sept. 28 and 29.Battle of the Nieuport to Arras, but Allies still Galicia, but advance guards in Germans are becoming auxious incapacitated from further of $50,000,000. Serviane roat Aisne continues, Allies beating advance. Enemy reported to be Poland retiring. Division of over situation in western Flanders. service. Earl Kitchener delivers Austrians along the Drias. back severe attacks by the enemy. withdrawing from Dimude. Russian Black Sea Fleet engages Announced that South African speech in the House of Lords August 23.- Japan declares Sept. 30.-Big battle continues Bassians still advance in Poland, the Goeben and Breelag, which rebellion has practically ended expressing confidence in ultimate war on Germany.

in favour of Allies, who make and Esat Prussia.

disappear in mist after former is and has become affair for polica victory. August 20.-Russians continue slight progress all along the line. Nov 1.-British oruiser Hermes badly hit.

rather than military.

Jan. 7.Arrest of Cardinal on offensive on East Prussian fron- Germans bombard Antwerp, but eunk by submarine in the Straite. November 20, Germanattacks

December 11-Allios still Mercier by Germany announced. tier, German forces being com are repulsed. Russians continue of Dover. British, French and in France and Belgiam less continue to advance; La Bigges Jan. 8.-Germans bombard Polled to retreat on Koenigsberg. to progress and are reported half Russian Ambassadors in Con- severe; snow falling in Flandera. and Vermelles captured. German Soissons and set fire to Law Togoland surrenders to British.

way to Bada Peath,

stantinople request passports. Desperate fighting between oruiser Friedrich Karl strikes Courts. Germans reoccupy Oct. 1. August 28.-British Flest sinks H.M.S. Oumberland has captur Tsingtau silenced by Japanese the Vistula and the Warts.

Announced that Most of the German forte at Russians and Germans between mine in the Baltio and sinks. |Burnhaupt at heavy cost to them- three German orvinara and two ed nice German liners and and

Deo 12.-Germaue completely solved. French official report destroyers off Heligoland.

British bombardment. Russiane attacking strong (si evacuato weat bank of Yaer canal. discloass over ons hundred ex- August 20.-German troops Allies' position in Fiance report leave Constantinople. Announced

one gunboat in Cameroon River. British and French Ambasadors tions in East Prussia."

Reported that Soissons Cathedral amples of atrocious behaviour of Since Fighting Began. being withdrawn from Belgium, ed entirely satisfactory.

November 21-British Ad. is destroyed by German artillery Germans in France.

announces elaborate fire. La Bassee captured by the July 27.-Serviań

that 2,000 armed Bedouins have miralty

Jan. 9.--Announced that the Owing to Russian advance. Earl Oct. 2-Germans vigorously penetrated Egyptian teritory, system of mine defence on east French. British Consul at Hodei-Russians in Bakovina have aboard Danube steamer fra on

Kitchener announces that two bombard Antwerp. British Germans coutians violent attacks coast. Australia taking steps to dab arrested by Turkish gen-advanced 80 miles in a week and Austrian troops; engagement Divisions and a Cavalry Division Admiralty announcea adoption of in Belgium and France, bat are send unlimited number of men darmes in Italian Consulate.

Sir Edward Grey an

from India are being sent to mine-laying policy as a counte everywhere repaleed.

resohed the chain separating British to the front. Russians inflict Dec. 14-Sabuarine Bll er Bakovina from Hungary. nounces his efforts to arrange : France.

measure to German activity, conference of Ambasadora.

Government to shortly issto war heavy losses on Austro-German tera Dardanelles and blows up Jan. 10.-British Reply to Oct. 3.-French President and loan of £200,000,000. Turkey forces between Czenstochowa and Torkish battleship Messoudiyeb. U.S. Noto published: Britain gratulate armies in the field. The ours to throw the responsibility Ses port of Khops, doing great Ministers start on visit to con- apologises to Russia, but sadeas-Cracow, Russians bombard Black Servians re-enter Belgrade. undertakes to interfere with Deo. 15-Court of Enquiry neutral trade only "when anoh Czar leavea for the front, Big on the latter. battle continues in France, Orown

damage.

finds that explosion on H.M.S. trade is not bona fide. Nov, 3.-H.M.S. Mineria bom- November 22-Canada enlist- Bolwark was due to accidental Jan, 11-Sixteen German Prince'a Army being repulsed harde Akabs, which is evacuated. ing an additional 50,000 men, ignition of ammunition on board. aeroplanes seen over the Channel July 30-British First Fleet

Dec. 16Garman cruisers shell make for Dunkirk and drop 30 leares Portland under sealed

Thrilling story from British bringing her forces under arms Oct. 4 Germans make night Headquarters issued showing how to 103,000, Lall still continues Scarborough, Weet Hartlepool and bombs, doing bat little damage. crdere. Belgrado in flames. Sept. 1. German Cavalry

July 31-Germany asks Corpa marches on Forest of Jom-attack at Laington, but are de-a large body of British troops was in France and Belgium, eave for Whitby, killing and injuring a Germans severely punished both Russia for explanation of her piegne, and is engaged, by big battle Allies twice destroy battle on the north cost, and by the Germans.

foated, losing 47 killed, In the transferred from the Aisne to the vigorous bombardment of Ypres number of civilians. Announced east and west, t

that Servians have taken altogeth mobilisation. Attack on Bal-British, who capture ten gune. enemy's lines of communications. how in subsequent fighting the

Jan. 12.-Russian successes in Nov. 23. German submarine er 60,000 Austrian prisoners. the Caucasus continue, wo grade continude. Martial law Sept. 2, Japanese occupy seven Bassians defeat and En Germany. London Stock Lalande of Kiaachau, and remore !

parane enemy suffered terribly from our U18 fouaders of the Scottish Dec. 17. -Turkey undertakes Tarkish

companies being rammed by to prosecute those reaponsible captured. Emchange closed.

1,000 mines.

D5 French Goverr Oct. 7.-Bombardment of Ant. offensive. Submarine Do Bikin British patrol boat British for prrest of British Consal as espire 13.--Smeli-pox, oboleza August 1-Austrian Reserve ment removes to Bordeaux for were continues, German com squadron in North Bea- Germant aviatcra carry out successful Hodeidah. British Fleet bom-and typhoid raging in Austria. valled out. German ultim-purely military reasons.

warning populace, abandon left bink of the Tuer flight to Zeppelin sheds at Fried- bards Turks concentrated in Gult Roumania decides to enter the to France and September 3-Russians defeat Russie, expiring at noon. Austrians and occupy Lemberg Ostend. German cruiser Cor Squadron bombards the Darda Nov. 24-Announced that will henceforth constitute a Bri- about the middle of February.

Belgian Government removes to below Dixaude Anglo-French richshafen, doing serious damage, of Baros. Announced that Egypt Concert of the Triple Entents by Italy declares nentrality. Evi. Additional list of British casualties moran and two gunboats sunk nelles. dences of Australian loyalty. issued. General Gallieni issues in Kianchan Bay. Big battlestill

The Germans suffer heavy losses round tish Protectorate.

____ Jan. 14-King George confers Nov. 4 German oraiser Torok Ypres, 1,200 dead being found Deo. 18-Prince Hussein, an honours on the Grand Duke Bank of England rate 10 per proclamation saying he sent. Gerany deolares war, defend Paris to the end. proceeding, fighting becoming strikes chain of mines blocking before a trench 500 yards long cle of the Khedive, succeeds the Nicholes, and other Russian gen- First shots fired by Rossinn September 4-Russians occupy

increasingly violent entrance to Jabde Bay and sinks Portuguese Congress authorises latter, with title of Sultan. Allica orols. Germans secure partial

Oct. 11-Fall of Antwerp frontier patrol on Germans naar Haalios. Announced that in seven announced.

Nov. 6.War between Britain Portugal to intervene in war at continue to programa in France success at Boissons, capturing, a Prostken; no casualties.

daya fighting, Russians have all along the line. Germans drop of Cyprus announced.

Allies still progress and Turkey declared. Annexation any suitable moment, in accord and Flanders, taking onomy number of French with gone.. ance with terms of British trenches......... captared 40,000 prisoners. New 20 bombs on Faris...

Jan. 16. The British in British reoraits total 280,000. Oct. 12-German

September 5.--German squad.

Nov 6-Austrians retreating Alliance.

Dec. 20,-Rabel leader, Capt. brilliant ongagement capture s aviators along whole front before Rusiana Nov. 25.Announced that two Fourie,

urie shot at Pretoria, after German position near La Barsen, on einka 16 kritish fishing boala Ost 18 Commando under Nov. 7 Fall of Teing an bombarded

drop six more

ips on Monday | being court-martialled.” bombs on Paris. ~ France declared war with Turkey. British batt

captur many prisoners, Union points of military Des. 21-Italy demands from forces occup in North Sea, the orewa, being Colonel Maritz revolts in the Cape nounced. Ruarians

Rus-Turkey, an explanation of the taken prisoners. Announced this

stor successes against movement of 4,000 Arabs under Austrians and Turkey Turkish and German officers

Austria, 1913. Servia thrown back from the Adriatic in favour of an independent Albania, 1914. June 28. - Archduke Franz Ferdinand and Consort assassinated by a Servian student at Sarajevo.

July 23.- Austro-Hungaria a Noto delivered to Servia demand ing suppression of Pan-Servian movement and punishment of accomplices in aasassinations Answer required by 6 p.m. same day.

July 24-Detaile of Note published and proved unexpected- ly severe. Semi-official Pester Lloyd affirms that Germany will Buffer no third party to intervene between Austria and Servia,

July 25.-Russian Cabinet meets; announced that mobiliss- tion proceeds forthwith,

troops

on Servis. Germany considers Joly 28.-Austria declares war Bir Edward Grey's suggested conference has no prospect of

oursesa,

August 2--British cabinet meets and adjourns till evening. Cossacks invade Germany pear. Biala: Germans invade France Dear Oirey. Germans enter Laxamburg, Germany pr

promises Indemnity to Luxemburg.

August 3.Severe fighting on

Drin Between

August 30.-Apia, in German tionary force from New Zealana. Samoa, surrenders to expedi

August 31-Allies occupy line extending from month of the Somme inland along the river; past the fortresses of La Fere and Lion, towards Mezieres.

Brit

NË

Franco

will

Bussis

near Varennes.

Germans.

mander

having concluded a triumphant

marob

nent removed to Harte, in ul

hont with Germans. Belgian many prisoners and gune

coolinge

bombards Libau.

nos af

bang

Ramons Drift and mund Russians continge German cavalry: towards

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