1910-02-24 — Page 5

OPIOM

GOVERNMENT ANÁLVST'S REPURTA There was laid on the table of the Legislative Council this afternoon & report on Oplum: its nature, composition, preparations, and methods of consumption. The report is dated 14th November, 1948, and is by Mr. Frank Browne, FI.C, P.C.S., Government Analyst. The report rands!

་་

Oplum is the milky jajce of the unrips capsules of Papaver somniferum or opium poppy, obtained by incision and ipsplusated by spontaneous evaporation.

A, COMPOSITION-The following may be taken as the general composition of opium :— Per Cent.

Morphine...

6 to 15 average B

Narcotice 4 to 8

-Other-alkaloids-moj-to-4--

Mecopina, poder, t Meconic acid mu Sto B average 4 Peculiar resin & caout.

chouc ... 5 to 10 Fatrín 1 to 4 Gum & soluble bumid

40 to 56

acid mattera

Iarolable matters and

18 16 20 4 to 8

mucus....................

Ash...........

Water

8 to 30 Average 20 Oplom is remarkable for the large number of definite, highly complex, crystalilee principles contained in it. Of these about so are alka folds, and chief in abundance and in value is morphine. Next in importance are the alka lolds codeine, thebaine, papaverine, narcotine and norcoins. These have been observed to the following proportions —

Codeine........T1200 Thebaine

Papaverine........

Narcotice

Narceinem

Per cent, 0.01 to 0.4 0.15 to 1.0

1.0

4 to 8 0,02 10.0.7

"

?

It will be seen from what follows that these

Giva alkaloids occur in such small proportion, that they modify but late the action of the morphise when opium is takeo.

THE HONGKONG TELEGRAPH THURSDAY FEBRUARY 24 1010

Appendix F gives also a recoot view of the gether with a little "morphine. All the last abject

2. OPIUM, WATER, 7

mentioned substances if taken in considerable qualities would be lujurious to health, just lo ludia among the Rajputs, infused opiums in the same way the pyridine and homolo has long been the drink both of reconciliation guas, nicotine and its decomposities products, and of ordinary greeting. On a birthday, when and the ethereal all, all formed during the..... all the chiefs convers le congratulate their combustion of tobacco, are concluded to be brother, the large cup is brought fortb, a lump poisonous. The amount of morphine of oplum, is put therein, upon which water to this second quality extract such as dress opium ponred, and by the aid of a stick, a solution is extract must for scientiäc ransons be even lass made, to which each helps his neighbour, not then from cbandon. The temperature at which with a glass, but with the hollow of his band the former commences to burb is higher than held to his mouth. The infusion will contain with the latter, also, as made in Hongkong, it all or nearly all of the morphine of the opiam. invariably contains much less water (see table); Consequently the morphins is much more-likely to be decomposed by beat than to be carried, into the pipa by water vapour,,"

3. OPIUM WINE.

... This is soldˇla ́ Hongkong under the 'came of Anti-oplum wine... It is recommanded as a remedy or care for oplam smokers. Two. samples consisted of samshu or Chinese wins and contained bitter and flavouring substance and .09 and 1.5 per cent. of opium, to which last all the affect of such wines is dus The rength depends outirely on the whim of the vendor, there being no fixed formula.

·Moissan says thaf the smokers of best chan doo seem to be capable of Ulving id a great ago, and of keeping in a good health as the greater. number of tobacco smokers who do not smoke pipe ar cigar to excess. With regard to smokers of chandao of Inferior quality his opinion is not... so favourable. He compares the two classes of smokers, the tone to the moderate drinker of good alcohol, the other, to con

To-day's Advertisements.

NOTICE.

OTICE. is hereby given that BILL OF EXCHANGE No. 5445 dated the 4th November, 1909, drawn by the Had Tak Bank of Shanghai, Chins, on the Hau Tak Bank of Canton, Ohina, for $40,000.00 (Foreige Dollars) payable to days after sight has bean LOST and a New Bill of Exchange No. 548 dated the 27th November, 1909, for a similar amount since been tained and duly honoured and that Payable ons day after sight in lies of It has no transaction taking place under such original Bill of Exchange No. 5445 will be recognised by the undersigned or by any of the parties to such Bill

Dated the 24th February, 1910.

THE YOKOHAMA SPECIE BANK,

LIMITED.

Today's Advertisements.

TO`LET.

No. 3, CANTON VILLAS, Kowloon.

Apply to-

THE HONGKONG LAND INVEST- MENT AND AGENCY CO., LD. Hongkong, 24th February, total"

(2014

IMPERIAL GERMAN MAIL LINE. NORDDEUTSÓHER LLOYD, BREMEN.

NOTICE TO CONSIGNEES.

THE Steamship

___. ="PRINZESS : ALICE," (30) || having arrived, Consignees of Cargo are hereby informed that their Goods, with the exception. of Oplum, Treasure and Valuables, are being landed and stored at their risk into the bazardous and/or extra hazardous Gadowns of the Hongkong and Kowloon Wharf and -Go- down Company, Limited, Kowloon, and West Point Gadowns, whence delivery may be obtained..

PUBLIO AUCTION. THEUndersigned have received instructions from The Registrar, Supreme Court, sariq i

to sell by CORAL PUBLIC AUCTION;

mer addicted to absinthe. However, in the East the smokers of such second quality, chaudoo are the bardest working of a09, and it seems to be impossible for any employer A of labour to distinguish' by 'ady difference in physique, capacity for work, or ly behaviour, the smokers from the non-smokers. The oplum smoking coolle is probably as reliable.

SATURDAY,

4. OPIUM PILLS. These also are sold as Anti-oplum remedies, They are sometimes recommended in a circular accompanying the bottle to be preferable to opium smoking as an effect. Is quickly produced, and moreover, that they can be carried and taken secretly. Appendix G'shows the nature of such pilis and bow variable in their strength. The most popular pill is one containing the most of oplum. An allempt was made by a vendor to put on the market one containing of a grain of morphine in each pill, but the provisions of the Prepared Opiam Amendment Ordinance effectually prevented its sale. How-There is no bitterness and this is of considerable A Quautity of VALUABLE BOOKS,

workman as any in the world. Opiam smokers, both Asiatic and European, describe the taste of the smoke as mlid and aromatic. ever, these pills are very cheap so that they importance as first pointed out by McCallum ars within the reach of the poorest, and those (Pharmaceutical Journal, July 14, 1883), If betler off cao buy them to an almost wellmited two or three grains of a morphine salt be boiled extent, so that their sale instead of the much in water, so bitter ly the substance, that it can more expensive and very much weaker smok-be tasted in the air by a delicate palate et a ing opium is likely to do, considerable harm in distance of several fest. Yet the amount of fastering the opium babit.

morphine so volatilised is extremely minute, Therefore the amount of morphine that is taken in by ordinary oplum smokers must be as almost negligible quantity. The innocuous natura of the smoke is further shown by the

5. MORPHSIAB INJECTION? This practice is very injurious as not only are solutions of uncertain strength used, but dirty hypodermic syringes are constantly em Morphine exsits in opium in combination played. This are side usually of bamboo or mats! They are frequently very rough in with sulphuric and meconic acids. It crystal design and the needle is fastened into most by lises in transparent, colourless, trimetric prisms gass of lead. Probably the needle after in- At or above 200 C. morphine partially sertion in one person is put directly lato an- volatilines, mehs, and turns brown, becoming the comployment of this method was carbonised at a somewhat higher temperature, stamped out by Ordinance in 1893 The prac- It is inodorous, has a persistent bitter tastetice of morphins injection was very popular on and is a powerful narcotic poison. The poi

account of its cheapnest. sonous effects.of opium are essentially dus to morphine contained in it, and the symptoms produced by opium differ but kattle from those consequent on the administration of pure morphins It is nearly insoluble in cold water, but dissolves readily in dilute acids to form

Batts.

་

The dose of opium according to the British Pharmacopoeia is from one hall to two, grains, and of morphing from one-tenth to ball a grain

VARIETIES.

+

the 26th February, 1910, at 11 AM at their

--Sales Rooms, No. 8. Des Vœux Road,

corner of Ice House Street,. THE-EFFECTS.

of the late Mr. Erich Groso,

"Comprising:-

FURNITURE, CLOTHING,

&c ALSO"

&c.

&C.

A.Quantity of MASONIC REGALIA. TERMI-AC Unial.

HUGHES & HOUGH,

Government Auctioneers, Hongkong, 24th February, 1910

NORDDEUTSCHER LLOYD, BREMEN, IMPERIAL GERMAN MAIL, LINE,

::

SAMARAI, BRISBANE and. SYDNEY.

THE Beamship

[20

"FRINZ WALDEMAR," Captain F. Tsecke, (rendy to load on Thursday) will leave for the above places TOMORROW, the 25th.instant, at 6 P.M. instead of-an pre- viously notified

ܐ܂

NORDDEUTSCHER LLOYD, Fat Freight or Passage, apply to

MELCHERS & Co., General Agents.

Hongkong, 24th February, 1914.

"BEN" LINE OF STEAMERS. NOTICE TO CONSIGNEES.

17

.

No Claims will be admitted after the Goods have left the Godowns, and all Goodi remain- ing undelivered after the and of March will be subject to rent.

All broken, chafed, and damaged. Goods are

to be left la the Godowns, where they will be examined on the 2nd of March, at 9:30 AM.

All claims must reach or before the 6th of March, 1910, or they will not be recognized.

No Fire Insurance will be affected,

8

Bills of Lading will be countersigned-by, the undersigned.

NORDDEUTSCHER LLOYD,

MELCHERS & 0. General Agents.

Hongkong, 131d February, 1910.

NIPPON YUSEN KAISHA.

NOTICE TO CONSIGNEES,

FROM MIDDLESBOROUG 8, ANTWERP, LONDON, COLOMBO, AND SINGAPORE.

"HAKATA MARU,”

Intimations.

SAUSAGES

OWN MAKE EXCELLENT and DELICIOUS,

Pure Pork

AND

Beef Sausages

at 35 cents & 25 cents-

per lb.

THE DAIRY FARM Co., LTD.

'Hongkong, inth February, 1910.

ASAHI

BEER SAPPORO BEER

TO BE OBTAINED

FROM ALL WINE DEALERS

NOTICE TO SUBSCRIBERS.

having arrived from the aboya Ports, Con- signass of Cargo are hereby informed that their Goods, are being landed and placed at their ROMs of Subscription to 120 Hongkong

risk in the Hongkong and Kowloon Wharf and Godown. Company's Godowa at Kowloon, where each consignment will be sorted out mark by mark and delivery can be obtained as 2000 as the Goods are landed."

Coke, Scrap Iron or other similar nainted goods are to be taken immediate delivery ex ship; otherwise they will be lauded into the same Company's Godowas at owner's risk and

expense.

Optional Goods will be carried on maless instructions are given to the contrary before Noon, TO-DAY.

Goods not cleared by the 3rd March will be subject to rent,'

No Fire Insurance has been affected. Damaged, packages must be left in the .Godowns for examination the Cousignan's and the Co's, representativas at an appointed hour. All claims must be presented within ten days of the steamer's arrival hare, after which dain they cannot be recognised, No claims will be admitted after the goods havD

NIPPON YUSEŃ KAISHA. Hongkong, 94th February, 1910,,

· 8.5,' * BENGLOE," FROM ANTWERP, MIDDLESBRO, LONDON AND STRAITS:

CONSIGNEES of Cargo are hereby left the Godowns,

laformed that all Goods are being landed

fact that many European gonilemen bare FOR MANILA, ANGAUR, YAP, FRIED THE Company's Steamship smoked comparatively large quantities at a], RICH WILHELMSHAFEN, RABAUL, sitting, without experiencing any marked ssusa. tiobs (McCallum in Journal quoted) Ip order to understand this subject faily and fairly, it is desirable to consider the babit of an ordinary coaling coolle accustomed to taking opium: Immediately after his first meal in early morning he will repair to an opium divan, and will, smoke several 6. SMOKING OPIUM OR CHANDOO. ́) Tala preparation is used solely for smoking piper. As soon as finished he is ready to purposes. Much care is exercised in making undertake his arduous labours for the day. it so that its consistency, aroma and flavour In the evening, after kis meal, he again repairs when smoked may vary as little as possible, to the divan to smoke a few more pipes, Any kind of opium can be used, but the variety sfier to leaves and goes to his lodging honte, which commends itself more particularly to seemingly much refreshed by this indulgence. the opium boiler and smoker is the Indian. At 12 midnight all-visitors at divans must leave This is remarkably uniform in composition, and they do so just as they would any eating always a recommendation to the Chiness who house. There is no such thing as a man being cannot be troubled with the extra care that unable to move or account of ourcotism... The chief are. Turkey, Smyrna or Con opiums of uncertain quality require. Chinese Although members of smokers must b stanticople opium,, Paton; Benares, Malwa or Indian opium, „Persian, Egyptian, and Kuei apium being carelessly prepared and ol dubious golog home in the streets at_about_mid-' chov, Yus-aan, and Stu-ch'uan, or Chinese quality cannot yield on esteemed smoking night residents of Hongkong of many high of morphine in years" standing affiror that they have never opium. Very sich opiums can also be pre-product. A piste percolation, in top nearly stan at that hour a Chinese 'under the in- pared in Greece, Italy, France, Switzerland, all amoking extract of the best quality is fluence of spiam or of any other stimulant, Germany, England and Sweden.

The following table shows the nature of some prepared from opium with a low morphins The scientific facts therefore seem quite in content: The reason for this disregard of the accordance with the usual text-book state of these varieties:-

morphine proporifon will be seen when the ment: "In any case, opium smoking shema to chemistry of oplum smoke in considered, injure the health of Asiatics but littla* · (Dr. Appendix H gives particulars of an opium Water Blyth: Polvoss, p. 305), smoking, apparatus and mauper, of smoking, and Appendix 1 shows with what care 14 the wall known extract is" prepared,

the student of the subject the table below should be carefully studied Particulars are first given of the composition of opium extract The asbak from the pipe from the smoking are known as opium, dross and in quantity the amoont obisined is about one half the quantity of extract smoked. This residue is converted inta tires oğlum exirect after it has been mixed with about an equal weight old in or dross from dress opium extract, and boiling out, and preparing in the manner already indicated The ash of há lá consists almost entirely of sodium and potassium sulphates and a little phosphate. The proportion of morphine in the first dross from opium extract is notewonby as is carried away in the smoking. The results it shows what'a very small quantity of morphine are expressed as percentages in the undried substances,

Klad of Option Morphine. Hot water Cold water Water

Smyrna Patos

60

12.5

26

extract extract

12 to 16

64

6

63

fo

BedAre

6

(BM

61

28

Malwa

6

Persian

10 to 11

(varies)68

9

Kuai-chou

You-Dao SiC-ch'un 10 Egyptian

ግ

1810

: 14

25

10

38

IS

In Appendices A. to C, will be found more complete details of the composition of Indian and Chinese opiums. Aboul 400,000 chests of Chinese opium are consumed, annually in China, while the consumption of the foreign vatiety (mostly. Indian) is from 40,000 to 50,000

chesis.

PREPARATION AND METHODS OF CONSUMPTION. Oplum in various forms is official in all the pharmacopoe'as of the world. In appendix D

will be found a list of those preparations ap- pearing in the British Pharmacopoeia. ip ad dition to, thess, in England, a large quantity of oplum is consumed in patent medicines, such as cough mixtures, chlorodyne, and such like remedios. In European countries who are of opium and its preparations is chief medicinal,' In East there are bat few preparations, opium water, wins, pills, morphine for injection, and smoking opiom, each of which together with itsuson will be treated in detail, and opium in its zaw condition will be first considered..

I. KAW OPIUM,

Br

GENERAL CONCLUSION ON THE METHODS

OF TAKING OPIUM,

Of the six, it would seem that by far the last injurious of all methods is that of smoking. By this last, only a very small part of the morphine in oplom is taken into the system, and even when a comparatively large quantity is burn the morphine taken internally is ex- cessively minute, The cating and drinking of opium, and of opium wine, the taking of opium pills, and the administration of mor phine by injection, ate likely to sat up the oplum babit or craving, and as far as possible facilities for these methods of tak ing the stimulant should be restricted.~ -Ex^^ cess in smoking, like excess of any other kind, is also to be discountenanced, but this is in great measure guarded against by the high price of the drug, which for most people en- suras its consumption in moderate quantity. But tbare should be a limit even to the cost of chandoo, for !! prohibitiva, smokers will respit to the other extremely cheap and admittedly Opium ex.

tract, Pirms dross Bross oplum Drose from more harmful methods of taking opium, or to chandoo, from extract drost

smoked. Dolum

cocalna be very worst form of parcotic. tract or indulgence.

or pregar, opium

·ed oplum. extract.

Waler 90′25 Aal Morphine Goluble in ho

5'71

401.

4*26 99

30:54

54:40

Water... All

A!!

1070

.1

Vield of drosa, sooo

63,00

CHEMISTRY OF OPIUM SMOKE

at their risk Into the hazardous and/or extra Kowloon Wharf and Godown Oo., Ltd. baardoos Godowns of the Hongkong and whence and/or from the wharves delivery may be obtained.

No Claims will be admitted after the Goods have left the Godowns, and all Goods remain ing undalivered after the 3rd prox, will be sub- Ject to rent..

All Claims against the Steamer must be pre sented to the Undersigned on or before the roth prox, or they will not be recogaland.

All broken chafed, and damaged Goods are to be left in the Godowns, where they will be examined on the 3rd proz, &t XI A.M.

No Fire Insurance has been affected. Bills of Lading will be cantarsigned by GIBB, LIVINGSTON & O

Agents, Hongkong, 24lb February, 1010

Events Coming.

1206

Friday, 25th Febmary, Geo, P. Lammert, Auction sale of Furniture, 13, Austin Avenue (Kowloon) 2.45 p.m.

Saturday, 26th February. Geo. P. Lammert, Auction sale of Furniture, at 4. Lochiel Terrace, (Kowloop) If am;

Annual Meeting, at the Offices of Showan China and Manila Bicamship Company, Tames & Co., Noon.

National Bank of China, Limited, Azonal Munting, at Noon.

and aitor ist January, 1909, the

Talegraphs-(daily and weekly lasuna) will be as follows

DAILY—Syö per annum. WEEKLY-S13 por kapuri.

The rates per quarter and per mansem, pro- portional Subscriptions for any partod less. then one month will be charged as for a full meath

The daily issue is delivered 'frao: when the address in accessible to messenger. Pusk subscribery can have their copias delivered at their residences without any extra charge, On coples sent by post an additional $1,80 per quarter is charged for portage. The portage on the weekly issue to any part

of the world is zo cants per quarter. Single Copies, Dally, ten cants. Weakly.

twenty-five cents (for cash only),

(PAYABLE IN ADVANCE.}' There will be no rebate to. Mistiquary Subscribers as heretofore.

By Order,

'THE MANAGER, Hongkong Telagraph Co, Ed. Mongienna, erså Dananever

SALON-CINEMA THEATRE,

WYNDHAM (FLOWER) STREET, OPPOSITE GENERAL POST OFFICE,

FIRST APPEARANCE IN HONGKONG

ΟΥ

Mr. CARL WALLNER, Whistler and Comedian.

Miss ADA KING

AND

IN THEIR NEW.REPERTOIRL Miss RUBY OHRYSTAL JUS

EXCELLENT FILMS, ORCHESTRA IN ATtendance, daILY. OHANGE.. OF PROGRAMME, COMPLETE CHANGE TWICE A WEEK, MONDAY and FRIDAY, DAILY TWO PERFORMANCES. First commences: 0.30 half-price. Second commenoss 9.15.

MATINEES EVERY SATURDAY and SUNDAY 4 p.m. Half-prics.

Hongkong, 19th February, 1910,

MARTELL'S BRANDY.

National Bank of China, Limited, Extraordi- THE MOST RENOWNED AND RELIABLE

THE ADMINISTRATION-ACTION. | nary General Meeting, 12,30 pim:

Hongkong les Company Limited, Annual Meeting, at the Offices of the General Manager,`Izgoʻp.m.

ADJOURNEN THROUGH WITMESS' ILLNESS.

yacɔ| Before Hon. Mr. W. Rees-Davies, kc, Act-"

Geo: P. Lammert, Auction sale of Furniture, ing Chief Justice, at the Supreme Court this at Dannell Road, 2.30 p.m.

account of the estate of his deceased father Li Kin Choi, Sir Henry Berkeley, C., Dr. He Kai, C.M., and Mr. Eldon Potter, instructed by Mr. P. W. Goldring, of Messrs: Goldring, Barlow and Morall, appeared for the plainti and Mr. M. W. Slade, assisted by Mr. C. G Alabaster, instructed by Mr. A. C. Holborrow,' of Messrs. Deacon, Looker and Deacon, was for the defendunt.

The consumption of raw oplom in a very The celebrated Fronch chemist Hear! Moin moralag, iho case was agaïs 'mentioned 'ing ancient practice among Eastern nations. Insan made a number of experiments la connecWhich Li Chok Hing brought so action against, the British Med 'cal Journal for 1894. Jan- tion with his subject. His treativo is given la..LI Pui Choi, alias Li Shek Páng, allas Li uary 13 and 20, will be found a digest Appendix J. He placed about pos and a half Hing Wai, in which plaintiff is seeking for an of the evidence collected from 100 Indian ounces of opium extract in a retort, through medical officers, from which it appears that which air could be drawn, and so fitted that the raw opium is taken habitually by a very large products formed at various temparatores could number of the population throughout India, be collected and examined. He had determin. those who are accusión ed to the drug taking it ed previously that the temperature at which a le, quan les af from 10 to 20 grains in the 24 smoker' dripd' the chandoo immediately befors hours. So long as this amount is not exceeded use was 240* C4 and at which he 'smoked it, was about 150° C. He found from his expert they do not appear lo suffer, ill-health or any tojarions effect. It is entirely unknown what ments with chandoo of the best quality that at quantity of an oplate should be considered a temperature not exceeding 950° C, the quality poisonous dose for an opium-oster. In the of apbstance carried over in the smoke was New York Med. Ricord, zil 239, is mentioned excessively small and consisted of a small the case of a former officer in the English quantity of fragrant djis and a small quantity army, who at the age of 111 was still living in of morphine, which was probably carried New York and had been an opium habituate forward by the Wale vapour. That this for yo years, and at one time bis daily con- amount of morphine was extremely minute sumption of the drug was go grafas, Though may be inferred from his statements in bis undoubtedly percicious, when Indulged to by paper, and from the fact that no record persons, merely for the sake of intoxication, is made of its weight, probably because the lié effacto sedm to be greatly modified when taken by those accustomed to, undergo, great fuligus, “Those interested on the point should rend the views in Appandik E of Dr. William Moore, late Surgson-General, Bombay,

Court ress on the last occasion, the cross- Sir Henry Berkeley stated that when the examination of a certain witness was proceed ing. They were now in receipt of a letter from him saying he was indisposed and was unable to appear but that he would probably be in the Colony to-morrow. In those circumstances it was impossible for his friend to proceed with witness cross-examination. He was dotirely in bis Lordship's hands and also in the handa of the other side. He was willing to acquiesce to an adjournmant;

Hii Lordship—I am in your hands, Bir Hyary, For my part, I wish to axpedite the case as much as possible, What are your Amount was too small to be deteriniaed. vlawa, Me, Slade?ada pria idikan ke With chandoo of indifferent quality he separated, Lord, it is impossible under the circum at a temperators of 250° 0, to 315° C. various stanta id call another Hoses in the middl |-of-the last witness cross-exainimation for ob products the chief of which were pyrroline, vidal responsalvifarges scstons, hydropyridio and pyridio hang lay

Phoenix Club Smoking Concert, 9 p.m. Theatre Royal, Mignon de Benvilla "Bare Fost Dancer, 9.30 p.m.

Monday, 28th February, Geo. P. Lammert, Auction sale of Furoiture, 5 Lochiel Terrace; (Kowloon), 2.45 3.0.

Tossday, 1st March,

Organ Recital, at. St. John's Cathedral, 5.30 P.M.

Saturday, 5th March,

Canton Regatta.

Baffe Regimental' Race Meeting. Race Copne.

Wednesday, 9th March. "Hongkong Fire Insurance Company, Ltd., Addeal Meeting, at the offices of Mexits, Jar dine, Matheson & Co., Ltd., 12 o'clock Noon. keman palai

Thursday, 10th March, Ghina Fira. Insurance. Company, Limited, Meeting, at 3, Qapen's-Road Central

Nook

Saturday, 13th March,

Hongkong Regattá,

Boxing Blij Lewis” or “ Batiling Sides

COGNAC BRANDY IN THE

WORLD.

Used by Connoisseurs, the Medical Profession and Hospitals in pre- ference to other Brandies.

Messrs. Martell & Co. are the Pioneer and leading Cognac Growers and Distillers in the World.

·SULE AGENTS-

H PRICE & CO. LD

WINE MERCHANTS,

12, Queen's Road,

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