RAS-2002 — Page 89

RASHKB Journal 皇家亞洲學會香港分會學刊 All AI Reviewed

22

76 Gullick, Malaya, Chap 4 p 43

77 the petition 1857 to House of Commons (cf. Buckley, supra, p 758); Hansard 3rd series, vol cxlix, p 988

Hansard, 3rd series, vol cxlix, p 990 - 991;

-

Turnbull, 'Convicts in the Straits Settlements, 1826-67', JMBRAS, xliii, no 1 (1970) p 88

P 98 - McNair, the Superintendent of convicts in Singapore, remarked in his report for 1858/59 how well the convicts worked at brickmaking and roadbuilding, which made them 'still a positive advantage to this colony'

7

Blundell, in his Annual Report for 1858/59, pointed out that Singapore owed all its roads, canals and public works to convict labour

79 Turnbull, Ibid, p 89 - Indian convicts were allowed a freedom that astonished outside visitors (for example, Lord Elgin in 1857 cf. Walrond T, Letters and Journals of James 8th Earl of Elgin, p 189) They often worked on roads and buildings without guards, sometimes they were employed as domestic servants or in government offices, and they could earn and keep wages

80 Turnbull, Ibid, p 90 - those who did abscond were invariably given up by Chinese and Malays to claim the rewards on their heads

81 Turnbull, Ibid, p 91 - In 1833, a European overseer was murdered by a convict; in 1852, there were two clashes between police and convicts in Penang; in 1853, a group of Sikh prisoners attacked their peons in Singapore

82 Hansard, 3rd series, vol cxlix, p 991; for example a Ceylonese convict, Tickery Bandah, who was released in 1864, settled down in Malacca as a shopkeeper, writer and amateur lawyer. He even kept up a correspondence with the King of Siam (cf. Cameron, supra pg 376; Turnbull, supra (on convicts), p 91)

83 Hansard, 3rd series, vol cxlix, p 988

84 Turnbull, supra (on convicts), p 91

85 Their origins are obscure.

Edit History

2026-05-13 12:23:29 · NVIDIA / meta/llama-4-maverick-17b-128e-instruct
Live
View comparison
AI Proofread
22 76 Gullick, Malaya, Chap 4 p 43 77 the petition 1857 to House of Commons (cf. Buckley, supra, p 758); Hansard 3rd series, vol cxlix, p 988 Hansard, 3rd series, vol cxlix, p 990 - 991; - Turnbull, 'Convicts in the Straits Settlements, 1826-67', JMBRAS, xliii, no 1 (1970) p 88 P 98 - McNair, the Superintendent of convicts in Singapore, remarked in his report for 1858/59 how well the convicts worked at brickmaking and roadbuilding, which made them 'still a positive advantage to this colony' 7 Blundell, in his Annual Report for 1858/59, pointed out that Singapore owed all its roads, canals and public works to convict labour 79 Turnbull, Ibid, p 89 - Indian convicts were allowed a freedom that astonished outside visitors (for example, Lord Elgin in 1857 cf. Walrond T, Letters and Journals of James 8th Earl of Elgin, p 189) They often worked on roads and buildings without guards, sometimes they were employed as domestic servants or in government offices, and they could earn and keep wages 80 Turnbull, Ibid, p 90 - those who did abscond were invariably given up by Chinese and Malays to claim the rewards on their heads 81 Turnbull, Ibid, p 91 - In 1833, a European overseer was murdered by a convict; in 1852, there were two clashes between police and convicts in Penang; in 1853, a group of Sikh prisoners attacked their peons in Singapore 82 Hansard, 3rd series, vol cxlix, p 991; for example a Ceylonese convict, Tickery Bandah, who was released in 1864, settled down in Malacca as a shopkeeper, writer and amateur lawyer. He even kept up a correspondence with the King of Siam (cf. Cameron, supra pg 376; Turnbull, supra (on convicts), p 91) 83 Hansard, 3rd series, vol cxlix, p 988 84 Turnbull, supra (on convicts), p 91 85 Their origins are obscure.
Baseline (Original)
22 76 Gullick, Malaya, Chap 4 p 43 77 the petition 1857 to House of Commons (cf. Buckley, supra, p 758); Hansard 3rd series, vol cxlix, p 988 Hansard, 3rd series, vol exlix, p 990 - 991; - Tumbull, 'Convicts in the Straits Settlements, 1826 67', JMBRAS, xliii, no 1 (1970) p 88 P 98 - McNair, the Superintendent of convicts in Singapore, remarked in his report for 1858/59 how well the convicts worked at brickmaking and roadbuilding, which made them still a positive advantage to this colony' 7 Blundell, in his Annual Report for 1858/59, pointed out that Singapore owed all its roads, canals and public works to convict labour 79 Turnbull, Ibid, p 89 - Indian convicts were allowed a freedom that astonished outside visitors (for example, Lord Elgin in 1857 cf. Walrond T, Letters and Journals of James 8th Earl of Elgin, p 189) They often worked on roads and buildings without guards, sometimes they were employed as domestic servants or in government offices, and they could earn and keep wages 80 Turnbull, Ibid, p 90-those who did abscond were invariably given up by Chinese and Malays to claim the rewards on their heads 81 Turnbull, Ibid, p 91 -In 1833, a European overseer was murdered by a convict; in 1852, there were two clashes between police and convicts in Penang; in 1853, a group of Sikh prisoners attacked their peons in Singapore 82 Hansard, 3rd series, vol cxlix, p 991; for example a Ceylonese convict, Tickery Bandah, who was released in 1864, settled down in Malacca as a shopkeeper, writer and amateur lawyer. He even kept up a correspondence with the King of Siam (cf. Cameron, supra pg 376; Turnbull, supra (on convicts), p 91) 83 Hansard, 3rd series, vol cxlix, p 988 84 Turnbull, supra (on convicts), p 91 85 Their origins are obscure.
2026-05-13 12:23:29 · Baseline
View content

22

76 Gullick, Malaya, Chap 4 p 43

77 the petition 1857 to House of Commons (cf. Buckley, supra, p 758); Hansard

3rd series, vol cxlix, p 988

Hansard, 3rd series, vol exlix, p 990 - 991;

-

Tumbull, 'Convicts in the Straits Settlements, 1826 67', JMBRAS, xliii, no 1 (1970) p 88

P 98 - McNair, the Superintendent of convicts in Singapore, remarked in his report for 1858/59 how well the convicts worked at brickmaking and roadbuilding, which made them still a positive advantage to this colony'

7

Blundell, in his Annual Report for 1858/59, pointed out that Singapore owed all its roads, canals and public works to convict labour

79 Turnbull, Ibid, p 89 - Indian convicts were allowed a freedom that astonished outside visitors (for example, Lord Elgin in 1857 cf. Walrond T, Letters and Journals of James 8th Earl of Elgin, p 189) They often worked on roads and buildings without guards, sometimes they were employed as domestic servants or in government offices, and they could earn and keep wages

80 Turnbull, Ibid, p 90-those who did abscond were invariably given up by Chinese

and Malays to claim the rewards on their heads

81 Turnbull, Ibid, p 91 -In 1833, a European overseer was murdered by a convict; in 1852, there were two clashes between police and convicts in Penang; in 1853, a group of Sikh prisoners attacked their peons in Singapore

82 Hansard, 3rd series, vol cxlix, p 991; for example a Ceylonese convict, Tickery Bandah, who was released in 1864, settled down in Malacca as a shopkeeper, writer and amateur lawyer. He even kept up a correspondence with the King of Siam (cf. Cameron, supra pg 376; Turnbull, supra (on convicts), p 91)

83 Hansard, 3rd series, vol cxlix, p 988

84 Turnbull, supra (on convicts), p 91

85 Their origins are obscure.

Comments

Approved members can add comments, bookmarks, and private notes.

No comments yet.

Private Research Note

Private notes are available after approval.