lateral, including regional and sub-regional, basis, making full use of existing patterns and forms of co-operation. They will develop co-operation in the field of the environment in particular by taking into consideration the Stockholm Declaration on the Human Environment, relevant resolutions of the United Nations General Assembly and the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe Prague symposium on environmental problems.
The participating States are resolved that co-operation in the field of the environment will be implemented in particular through:
exchanges of scientific and technical information, documentation and research results, including information on the means of determining the possible effects on the environment of technical and economic activities; organisation of conferences, symposia and meetings of experts; exchanges of scientists, specialists and trainees;
joint preparation and implementation of programmes and projects for the study and solution of various problems of environmental protection; harmonisation, where appropriate and necessary, of environmental pro- tection standards and norms, in particular with the object of avoiding possible difficulties in trade which may arise from efforts to resolve ecological problems of production processes and which relate to the achievement of certain environmental qualities in manufactured products;
consultations on various aspects of environmental protection, as agreed upon among countries concerned, especially in connection with problems which could have international consequences.
The participating States will further develop such co-operation by:
promoting the progressive development, codification and implementation of international law as one means of preserving and enhancing the human environment, including principles and practices, as accepted by them, relating to pollution and other environmental damage caused by activities within the jurisdiction or control of their States affecting other countries and regions;
supporting and promoting the implementation of relevant international Conventions to which they are parties, in particular those designed to pre- vent and combat marine and fresh water pollution, recommending States to ratify Conventions which have already been signed, as well as considering possibilities of accepting other appropriate Conventions to which they are not parties at present;
advocating the inclusion, where appropriate and possible, of the various areas of co-operation into the programmes of work of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, supporting such co-operation within the framework of the Commission and of the United Nations Environment Programme, and taking into account the work of other competent inter- national organisations of which they are members;
making wider use, in all types of co-operation, of information already available from national and international sources, including internationally agreed criteria, and utilising the possibilities and capabilities of various competent international organisations.
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