ས་བ མ ནཁན
+
590
Asian Bureaucratic Systems
94
payment of loss-of-career compensation alone has been more than $15 million (U. S. currency). It is impossible to estimate the total cost of the program by the close of the operative period, but it has been suggested that it may exceed $23 million. No one could deny that Malayanization with compensation has indeed been expensive, but most Federation officials seem in agreement that in tangible and intangible benefits the program has been worth the investment.
Malayanization: Statistical Results
The following summary of expatriate officers serving in Malaya illustrates well the departure of European colonial servants from the Federation.
Table 2. Malayanization of the Senior Bu- reaucracy
Date
Entitled officers remaining
May, 1956
2,060
July, 1957
1,564
January, 1958
936
January, 1959
736
January, 1960
555
January, 1961
382
200
July, 1962
1
Estimated.
Source: This table has been tabulated by the author from_unpublished statistics provided by the Federa- tion Establishment Office.
In the senior administrative service, the Malayan Civil Service, the change in composition has been the most dramatic of all the services. At the beginning of the operative period of the Malayan- ization program, expatriate officers held 67 per cent of the posts of the service, while the remaining 33 per cent were staffed by Asians. As of January 1, 1962, Malayans accounted for 90.8 per 94. This figure is derived from a tabulation of the Federal Estimates for 1958-1961 inclusive.
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