736
SHANGHAI
Schools, Tls. 69,545.33, Telegraphs and Telephones, Tls. 4,286.10 Volunteers, Tls. 1,180.53, Municipal Printing Office, Tls. 7,777.74 Miscellaneous Sundries Public Works Extraordinary
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Tls. 942,829.32 73,831.43
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8,958.30 14!,220.60
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179,529.78
Tls. 1,346,369.43
The ordinary revenue for 1921, inclu ling a balance of Tls. 8,219.25 from 1920, was estimated at Tls. 1,308,209.25 and the expen liture at Tls. 1,402,896.55.
POPULATION
The Foreign population increased rapidly up to 1865, but declined considerably during the next ten years. The census of 1865 gave the number of foreig 1 residents in the three Settlements as 2,757, army and navy (British) 1,851, shipping 931, a total of 5,589. In 1870, the total in the Anglo-American Settlement was 1,665; in 1876, 1,673 ; in 1880, 2,197; in 1885, 3,673; in 1890, 3,821; in 1895, 4,684; in 1900, 7,396; in 1905, 11,497. By the census of 15th October, 1910, there were in both Settlements a total of 15,012 foreigners; 1,356 in the British Settlement (now called Central District), 8,658 in Hongkew (now Northern and Eastern Districts), 3,522 in Western Dis- trict, Outside Roads and Pootung; and 1,476 in the French Settlement-an increase of 21.74 per cent. during the latter five years, against 45 per cent. during the previous five. When the census was taken in October, 1915, the number of foreigners in the two Settlements had grown to 20,924-18,519 in the International Settlement and 2,403 in the French Settlement. The fluctuations in the foreign popula- tion have been very remarkable. Between 1870 and 1880 the number of adult males decreased, while in the next five years it increased by over fifty per cent. In the nine years, 1876 to 1885, the whole foreign population more than doubled, but in the next five years it showed an increase of only 148, of whom 144 were children. The increase was mostly in the Hongkew district, where the population was twelve times what it was in 1880, while during the same period the British Settlement increased by only 4×1. While the foreign adult males had increased only about seven times since the census of 1880 the number of women increased twelve and of children eight and a half times. There were more than thirty nations and peoples represented in Shanghai. According to the census taken on October 16th, 1920 (exclusive of the French Settlement and the outside roads under the control of the French Consul), the foreign population numbers 23,307, compared with 18,519 in 1915 and 13,536 in 1910. The proportion of the principal nationalities repre- sented is as follows, the figures at the time of the 1915 census being given within parenthesis :-Japanese 10,215 (7,169); British, 5,341 (4,822); American, 2,264 (1,307); Portuguese, 1,301 (1,323); Russian, 1,266 (361); French, 316 (244); German, 280 (1,155) Spanish, 186 (181); Danish, 175 (145); Italian 171 (114); Indians, 954 (1,009). This shows that the Japanese have trebled in number since 1910. The foreign population in the French Settlement in 1920 was 3,560 and the native 166,667. Among the different nationalities represented in the foreign population were the following:-British, 1,014; American, 549; French, 530; Japanese, 306; Russian, 210; German, 9., Although the Chinese have no right
right of
residence within the Foreign Settlement, and indeed were not recognised by the original Land Regulations, some twenty thousand sought refuge within the boundaries from the rebels in 1854, and when the city was besieged
was besieged by the Taipings in 1860 there were, it is said, at least five hundred thousand natives within the Settlements. As they found some amenities from " squeezing" when under the protection of foreigners, and foreigners themselves being able to obtain a much higher rental for their land and finding native house property a very profitable investment, no opposi- tion was made to their residence. In 1870 there were in the three Settlements 75,047; in 1880, 107,812; in 1890, 16,129; in 1900, 240,995; in 1910, 602,475; and in 1920, 930,068. The Chines population working in the Settlements, however, must be much greater than the total given, as there are many more thousands who sleed outside the limits. Taking into consideration the thickly populated surrounding Chinese territory with its added thousands that cannot be even approximated, the daytime population of the port, it is thought, must be well toward 1,500,000. This rapii increase has occurred notwithstanding that rents have risen from thirty to sixty and in some cases even one hundred per cent. and that provisions and cost of living generally both of natives and foreigners have increased. The population of the
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