Directory_and_Chronicle_1911 — Page 762

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CHINA

Robert Hart in a scheme of military reorganisation prepared in 1904 recommended the creation of three naval squadrons, the Northern, the Southern and the Central, each to consist of 10 battleships and first-class cruisers, 10 second-class cruisers, 10 torpedo-boat destroyers, and 50 torpedo-boats, with a crew of 10,500 men. The scheme is apparently pigeon-holed at Peking for the present, but in 1999 six torpedo-boat destroyers were built for China in Japanese yards, and four river gunboats were launched in 1908 from Hongkong yards. A Commission, headed by H. I. H. Prince Tsai Hsün, visited Europe in 1909 to study naval organisations with the object of developing China's navy, and H. H. Duke Tao (another brother of the Regent) went on a similar mission to Europe in 1910 with a view to a re-organisation of the Army.

TRADE AND INDUSTRY

The ports open to trade are:-Newchwang, Chinwantao, Tientsin, Chefoo, Shanghai, Soochow, Chinkiang, Nanking, Wuhu, Kiukiang, Hankow, Yochow, Changsha, Shasi, Ichang, Chungking, Hangchow, Ningpo, Wênchow, Santu, Foochow, Amoy, Swatow, Canton, Samshui, Wuchow, Kongmoon, Nanning, Kiungchow, and Pakhoi. Lungchow, Mêngtsz, Szemao and Tengyueh, on the frontiers of Tonkin and Burmah, and Yatung in Tibet, are stations under the cognisance of the Foreign Customs. Mukden, Antung and Tatiengkow and many other inland places in Manchuria have recently been opened to foreign trade. The import trade, exclusive of the Colony of Hong- kong, centres chiefly at Shanghai, Tientsin, Hankow and Canton, while the bulk of the exports pass through the ports of Shanghai and Canton. The annual value of the trade of China coming under the supervision of the Imperial Maritime Customs was as follows:-

Net Exports to

Net Imports from Foreign Countries. Foreign Countries.

Total of Foreign trade.

Net Imports of Native Goods

1905... Hk. Tls. 447,100,791 Hk. Tls. 227,888,197 Hk. Tls. 674,988,988 Hk. Tls. 166,884,461

1906...

"

-410,270,082

236,456,739

11

646,726,821

**

1907...

多角

416,401,369

264,380,697

19

680,782,066

**

1908...

394,505,478

"}}

276,660,403

671,165,881

158,276,126 137,552,030 178,544,248

1909...

418,158, 67

338,992,814

757,150,881

291,243, 109

1909 equals at-

£44,051,410

Ex. 1. 48, Mex. $618,873,939 Mex. $501,709,365 Mex. $1,127,583,304 Mex. $297,84,245 Ex. 2s. 7d., £54,338,770

£98,390,180

£26,151,162 The following was the net value of commodities imported direct from and exported direct to Foreign Countries in 1999. These figures do not include the traile carried on with neighbouring countries in Chinese junks, which does not come within the control of the Foreign Customis :--

Hongkong

Imports

Exports

Hk. Tls. 150,471,229

96,919,388

Totals 247,390,617

Japan (including Formosa)

Great Britain

59,915,187

51,558,155

>>

111,533,342

68,229,788

19,579,097

87,808,885

United States of America

32,603,5 19

32,446,245

65,052,794

Russia, Siberia and Russian Pacific Ports India

"

15,415,020

40,132,606

55,847,626

10, 133,828

4,813,447

45,247,275

France

"3

2,181,627

38,598,327

40,779, 54

Germany

34

15,188,966

7,529,464

22,718,430

Belgium

10 858 266

**

5,059,763

15,918,029

Straits and other British Colonies.. Macao

19

8,795,640

6,310,533

15,1 6,173

爷爷

5,321,908

4,674,058

9,995,966

Italy

165,882

8,8 1,046

9,316,928

>>

Dutch Indies

>>

6,838,169

1,204,423

8,042,592

French Indo China........

6,044,872

19

1,920,085

7,964,957

Turkey, Persia, Egypt, Aden, etc. Netherlands

120,327

19

6,618,450

6,738,777

>>

1,7.4,122

4,072,938

6,447,060

Korea ..

Siam and Philippines

19

2,095,853

2,917,080

5,012,933

1,748,438

1,983,051

3,731,4 9

Austria and Hungary.

1,013,364

2,354,629

3,367,993

Other European Countries

469,571

"

550,029

1,019,600

Hk. Tls. 430,048,606 338,99,814

76,041,420

Imports to the amount of Hk. Tls. 11,890,539 were re-exported to foreign countries, namely, to Russian Pacific Ports, Tls. 3,377,646; to Hongkong, Tls. 1,741,954; to Korea, Tls. 2,501,527 ; to Japan, Tls. 1,406,989; to other countries, Tls, 393,042. The chief articles re-exported were Cotton Goods to the value of Tls. 4,034,670.