Directory_and_Chronicle_1891 — Page 495

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SHANGHAI

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which furnishes a continuous supply of filtered water at moderate rates. The Electric light was introduced in 1882, and lamps have been erected on the principal thoroughfares and wharves.

Shanghai can boast of several fine buildings of various and varied styles of architecture. Trinity Cathedral, erected from a design by Sir Gilbert Scott, is one of the finest specimens of modern ecclesiastical architecture to be found out of Europe, but, from want of funds, the tower and spire, which is an essential part of the design, has not yet been built. There is a Roman Catholic Church in the French Concession called St. Joseph's, and another in Hongkew known as the Church of the Sacred Heart, the Union Church on the Soochow Creek, also a Chapel belonging to the London Mission and one to the American Episcopalians, and a very pretty and prettily situated Seamen's Church at Pootung, besides several Mission Chapels for natives. The Jesuit Fathers have an extensive Mission establishment and orphanages at Sicawei, to which is attached a museum of natural history, etc., and a valuable scientific observatory, in connection with which there is a time-ball on the French Bund. Under the direction of this institution, a complete system of meteorological observations, embracing the whole of the China Seas, is now carried out. The Shanghai Club occupies a large and elaborate building at one end of the English Bund. It cost Tls. 120,000, and at that is said to have ruined three contractors. It has passed through a varied and peculiar history. There is a really fine Masonic Hall at the other end of the Bund. Amongst the other conspicuous buildings may be mentioned those occupied by the Oriental and Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporations and the Chartered Mercantile Bank. The Lyceum Theatre, situate in Museum Road, is a fair building seating 600 persons. The members of the German (Concordia) Club have also a handsome little Theatre attached to their premises in the Canton Road. A monument to the memory of Mr. A. R. Margary, of the British Consular service, who was murdered by Chinese in Yunnan, was unveiled in June, 1880, and a statue of the late Sir Harry Parkes, British Minister to Peking, was erected in 1890. The principal buildings on the French Concession are the Municipal Hall and the Consulate. A bronze statue of Admiral Protet stands in front of the Municipal Hall.

Among the institutions of the place may be mentioned the Volunteer Defence Force, consisting of Field Artillery, Light Horse, and Rifle Brigade, the latter comprising a battalion of three companies. Originally formed in 1861 it gradually went to decay, until the fear of attack after the Massacre at Tientsin in 1870 caused its revival with considerable vigour. It again dwindled in numbers, but the last re-organisation under Major Holliday proved successful, there being now two hundred and fifty members, almost all of whom are effective. The Fire Brigade, which is entirely volunteer, consists of seven Engine and two Hook and Ladder Companies. It is pronounced to be the most efficient Brigade out of the United States. There is a Hospital for foreigners, the building for which, although only completed in 1877, is already found inadequate and so badly situated that a new one is proposed. There are also several Hospitals for natives. The Temperance Society has a good hall and well furnished library. The other public institutions may be enumerated as, a Subscription Library containing about 12,000 volumes, a branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, with the nucleus of a Museum, a Masonic Club, a Sailors' Home, a Polytechnic Institution for Chinese, a Seamen's Library and Museum, a well supplied Gymnasium, a Wind Instrument Band, which gives concerts in the Public Gardens three times a week during the summer months, a Race Club, possessing a course of a mile and a quarter, a Country Club on the Bubbling Well Road, Parsee, Portuguese, and Customs Clubs, also Pony Paper Hunt, Cricket, Rifle, Yacht, Racquet, and various other Clubs for recreation. There are ten or eleven Masonic bodies, with over 500 members. In 1876 a District Grand Lodge for North China was constituted, with Shanghai as its head-quarters.

There are four Docks at Shanghai, the one at Tungkadoo, opposite the city, having a length of 380 feet over all, with a depth at spring tides of 21 feet; the Old Dock at Hongkew is 400 feet long and 18 feet deep at springs; and the New Dock at Pootung, at the lower end of the harbour, measures 450 feet on the blocks, with a depth at high water springs of about 21 feet. All steamers and most sailing vessels now discharge and load at the various public and private wharves. The premises of the Associated Wharf Companies have a frontage of about three-quarters of a mile. The Chinese Government has an Arsenal, Dock, and ship building establishment at Kaou Chung Mow, a short distance above the city. The Great Northern Telegraph Company's cable was laid to Shanghai in 1871, and that of the Eastern Extension Company in 1884, there being now two distinct lines of communication with Europe. An overland line to Tientsin was opened in December, 1881, which was subsequently extended to Peking. There is also a

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