1938-01-22 — Page 6

YES! It washes.. NO! It never shrinks...

Viyella

THIRTY-SIX

HONG KONG DAILY PRESS, SATURDAY, JANUARY 22, 1938.

"BLACKEST OF COLONY'S BLACK SPOTS" "Finis" Said

Chief Justice On Hong Kong Slum Districts

A plea for a determined effort to deal with the slum evil in Hong Kong and, by legislation, to put an end to the unhealthy overcrowding "which is the blackest of black blots on the fair face of a very beautiful colony," was made by the Chief Justice, Sir Atholl MacGregor, K.C., at the European YM.C.A. on Thurs- day night.

:

The first portion of the lecture was given in Friday's Daily Press The following is the concluding portion:-

Sir Atholl said;--- But that is not the only protec-¡ Нол which the law confers ០៧. John and Mary, Thanks to the provisions of the Sale of Food and Drugs Acts and the Public Health Acts they have the comfortable as- surance that theif soap cream or powder will not be adulterated or mixed with harmful or deleterious preservatives or acids.

.

which the sounding of motor harns at night is prohibited by law they will be enabled to sleep soundly and waken refreshed for the duties of the next day. And so we leave John and Mary, sleeping peacefully after a very ordinary day, all of which they have spent under the protection of the law.

I told you that when John lett work he went, to a public meeting and I also told you that he took with him when he set out in the morning the newspaper of his choice. These facts bring me to a consideration of the last aspect of my subject.

FREEDOM

I appreciate that I may be ac- eused at being logical in saying anything of the freedom of the press, and the freedom of public meeting and discussion, for they are due not to any provision of law put to the absence of any such provision. They are, however, so Important to the ordinary citizen that at the risk of illogicality I feel that I am justified in saying a little about them.

To German

Mediation

Berlin, Jan. 21. The interpretation of the official German communique regarding mediation in the Sino-Japanese the effect that such condict to mediation has now definitely end- ed, is given by the Berlin corres- pondent of the Hamburger Fren- denblatt in a report which is ob- viously inspired.

The correspondent- stätes that with the rupture of diplomatie re- lations between Japan and China the foundation has been removeď on which the Reich activity as mediator had been based.

"As Japan refuses to recognise the Chinese Government, it is no longer possible to maintain further exchange of messages with regard to peace possibilities between the two parties. It must, therefore, be plainly stated that the rule adopt- ed by the Reich since October can no longer be continued," states the correspondent.-

scope of legal control. By town

by planning,

slum clearance schemes and recently by the re- conditioning or demolition of in- sanitary houses in rural areas the legislature has given statutory re- cognition to the right of every eltizen to live his life according to his mears in healthy surroundings. und to enjoy what Lord Border has defined as the amenities of You who love beautiful fabrics will

fire. So, too, they know that when they "clean air to breathe, clase be hastening for these lovely new

Fit down to breakfast the milk will contact with the earth and sky Viyella's. Hot in the footsteps of

beautiful Schiaparelli who is featuring 80

not be deficient in butter fat, the and sun, the sight or many Viyella models in her collec- tea that they drink will be pure, things, the hearing of beautiful sounds, and quiet and leisure to tions and her, Paris sportshop- and the marmalade will not be models in which the material has kept alive by the addition of a pre-enjoy all these." inspied a satisfying elegance of line.servative. The legislation. which I fervently hope that ere loor of Man, the ephemeral revolution- Guaranteed absolutely unshrinkable.

in Hong Kong to-day 15 we in Hong Kong will see a deter- 36" WIDE

summarised in the Public Health | mined effort made to deal with the (Food) Ordinance 1935 and the slum evil and by legislation to put Adulterated Food and Drugs Ordin- an end to the present unhealthy ance 1935 applies to everything | overcrowding which is the blackest | precious of the rights of mah: according to the Defence Ministry.

of black blots on the fair face of | every citizen then can freely speak. | -Reuter.

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a very beautiful Colony,

SOCIAL LAW

་

I have told you that in the after- noon Mary went to play bridge with some of her friends and after dinner John and she went to an hotel to dance. That choice of

Its one object is to safeguard the health and comfort of the citizen, ana to ensure the provision of pure food purveyed in clean markets, and served for consumption in safe, diversions brings me to yet another clean and commodious restaurants, facet of the social law and eating houses.

'CAVEAT EMPTOR"

We citizens, with our democratic traditions and our love of liberty

There is here, as you will appre-do not take kindly to what we cate, an enormous advance on the consider unnecessary or irksome old civil law principle of caveat legislative dictation, unless it be in emptor. A comparatively modern work, Stephen's Commentaries on the Laws of England thus states the law as it was when the learned Ruthor was writing. With regard

to the soundness of the wares pur- chased the vendor is pd poundto answer, unless he expresswar rants them to be sound or unless he knew them to be otherwise and huth used any art to disguise them.

That great piece of cedification, the Sale of Goods Act, 1893, did much to enlighten the lay citizen as to his rights vis a vis the trades- man who sold him unsound food, but it is only in the last sixty years, by the medium of the Acts. to which I have referred that the State has taken up the cudgels on behalf of the citizen, and has determined by wise and detalled supervision of every stage of the manufacture, packing and sale of food and drink to make morally certain that what the citizen eats and drinks will

pure and nourishing.

How infinitely better is such system for John and Mary than their the only remedy open to grandparents, to bring an action for damages, with all its atten- dant risks, against the tradesmuu who supplied them with unsound fish, as a result of eating which they were seriously ill.

be

WORKING PLACE

We have now got'John safely tu his working place. If he has

a time of extreme national emer- gency such as the years of the Great War, when even the iniqult- vus "Dora" was tolerated with a philosophical shrug of the should

ers.

In several Continental countries these rights are or were safeguard- ed by the Constitution. Thus in the

Reuter

famous Declaration of the Rights BARCELONA CARNAGE

ary French Constitution of 1791, Article 11 provided:---

The free communication of ideas and opinions is one of the most

"write and print, subject to respon- sibility for the abuse of this free- dom In the cases determined by law..

Barcelona, Jan. 20. Two hundred and twenty were killed and over 400 wounded in Wednesday's air raid on Barcelona,

't:

Two charges of fraudulent con- version of property were preferred The constitution guarantees, as against an unemployed, Chan Lins. the natural right of a citizen, the when he appeared before Mr. freedom of every man to speak, Barbett at the Kowloon Magistracy publish his yesterday. Defendant was alleged write.. print opinions, without the necessity of to have converted to his own use, submitting his writings to any the sums of $188.60 and $150, en censorship or inspection before trusted to him by Wong Ting and their publication. "

Wong Tal-sang, respectively. Insp. Article 18 of the Belgian 'Con- H. E. Rogers applied for a week's formal remand which was granted.

stitution similarly provides:

In

"The press is free: it will never be subject to censorship," and even the recently issued "Fundamental LAWS of the Russian Empire"! makes analogous provision Article 37 "Every one shall have the right. within the limits, pre- scribed by law, to express hla thoughts orally or in writing, and also to disseminate them through the press or by other means."

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Yet there is no one save the fanatic who can, as a good altizen, have the slightest real objection to the legislative control of such

Both the revolutionista things as gambling, drink or drugs. France and the constitutionalists For the drug trame which is so of Belgium avowedly borrowed widespread an evil in Hong Kong. their ideas about freedom there must be complete prohibition opinion and the liberty of press except where drugs are prescribed | from England, and, in consequence by a qualified medical practitioner many people believe that the right for the alleviation of pain and suf- to the free expression of opinion is a fundamental doctrine of the fering.

law of England.

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tent justified by the habits of have never attempted to prohibit Nowhere in English law is there English. Hife, is essentially fulse. either drink or gambling, nor, I think, is the history of prohibition and proclamation of the right to in the United States of America liberty of thought or to freedom likely to predispose us to any speech. "The law of England" similar experiment, but we do all realise that in such matters, where temptation to the weaker members of society is so strong, there must be a great measure of control, and we translate that realization into practical terms by legislation.

"A PLACE"

A friendly game of bridge, or even of poker or roulette, is no offence against the law, but no person may keep common gam- Ing house, by which is meant a place for betting or for gambling for profit or commission on the clerical post in an office, there is stakes, and "a place" has so wide no very noticeable impact of the

a definition that the Courts have statute law on him, though build-even held that it includes an empty ing bye laws "do something to en- soap box on which a book-maker sure that he will be called upon stood to make his presence and his to work in a decently lighted, well-activities more noticeable. ~ ventilated room in a building

where the risk of fire is as far as possible minimised.

J

sald Lord case of the King v. Corbett "is a with this uberty we have not what law of liherty, and consistently is called an imprimatur: there is no such preliminary licence neces- mary. But a man rublish a paper he is exposed to the penal consequences, as he is in every other act, if it be illegal."

Eilenborough in the

"LIBERTY OF THE PRESS”

The editor of John's favourite

meeting publish their ideas at newspaper and the speaker at his their own risk. If anything they write or say is libellous, slanderous, blasphemous or seditious they run the risk of an action for damages or of a prosecution.

OI

Such phrases as "freedom discussion" or "berty of the press" are unknown to the Statute boog

So far as the sale of intoxicating for the maxims of the common law, Liquor is concerned here in Hong and the English parliament in its Kong legal interference is certain- wisdom could tomorrow put an The terms of his employmently not excessive. The number of end to any free publication of are of course regulated by law to Ucensed premises is wisely restrict- | ideas as easily, as it could, Increase grant him some measure of protec- | ed, the power of entry and insper- the cost of a dog licence from ́tion against the arbitrary whim of tion is but elementary prudence, seven and sixpence to ten shillings. his employer. If, on the other but the hours of sale are extremely It is because of the ordinary hand, he works in a factory, the long.

citizen's innate belier in tolerance, control of law is much more mani- It is in that direction that con- because of his recognition that fest and obtrusive.

trol in England has been tightened though in the modern state free- Maximum hours of labour are pre-up in recent years, as well as by dom of individual action must be scribed, the suitability of the pre-a system of local option, which as controlled for the good of the mises is insisted on and dangerous some of you may have read recent majority freedom of thought is machinery is screened as a protec-17 necessitated the intervention of essential for true liberty, that tlon to the operatives against Parliament to enable intoxicants get on in these vital mat- avoidable injury. Bo far as his to be sold at the forthcoming Scotters without the express sanction housing for himself and Mary is tish Empire Exhibition, the site or of law. It is only when thoughts are translated into written or concerned that is not yet regard- which, if Bellahonston Park, Clas- ed as a fitting subject for legisla-go, is within an area in which, by instancts of society that the law spoken words which oftend the tive interference in Hong Kong. I local option, the sale of liquor is

can be, voked, only wish it were.

•

We have in this city great areas

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where the poor must perforce live, that John and Mary leave their mits arvone, to say, write, and MASTERS THE HAIR

unde: the most appalling condi- hotel at 1 am, having thoroughly publish what he likes: but if he tions.

In Britain such matters are now properly regarded as within the

enjoyed their evening's dancing, | makes a bad use of this liberty, he

and comforted by the recollection that as they live in an area in

(Continued om "Page"11)

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