1937-08-03 — Page 16

16

HONG KONG DAILY PRESS, TUESDAY, AUGUST 3, 1937.

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•

CHILDREN

· BACKWARD?

Psychologist And

Prehistoric Trend

SURVIVAL

VALUE THEORY

A KINGDOM FOR LANDLADIES" "NO THREE YEARS BABIES" ORDER

CANNIBAL CHIEF'S EXPERIMENT

"Democracy" That Failed

Memories of the three years when the Ful Islands were an in- right-dependent Kingdom, with a Parlia, and Courts of Justice

A tendency towards handedness has been passed down ment from prehistoric, and possibly

pre-human, times; according to Dr. Cyril Burt, Professor of Pay- chology in London University.

J

He advances this theory in "The Backward Child," published re- cently (University of London, 208.). in which he reports the results of

an extensive survey of backward children in London and Birming- ham. Left-handedness, the op- posite tendency, is traditionally associated with temperamentally difficult and defective, children.

Beginning with the more primi- tive mammals, Dr. Burt points cut that even, rats are said to show a preference for, working with their right paws. Dull and backward rats are also stated to be more often left-pawed." -

Passing farther down through evolutionary history, Dr. Burt quotes evidence that the great apes "show a slight preference for using their right hands."

Sir Grafton Elliot Smith, he states, also claimed to have proved. by examining the skulls of early man, that both the first known

Londoner and the most primitive "ape-man" were. predominantly

right-handed.

DR. BURT'S BELIEF Judged from the surviving im- TO LONDON-23 daya - Specialplements used by early man. Dr. facilities for despatch by train of heavy daggage with "liberal free Allowance.

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Burt suggests, the conclusion seems justified that the tendency first became widely marked during the Arst tool-using epoch characteristically. human began to be developed.

modelled exactly on British lines, are recalled by a man who lived through the short and troubled experiment.

It was in 1870 that Mr. A. B. Brewster first went to the Islands where he was to stay 40 years. And in his book ("King of the Cannibal Isles," Robert Hale. 18s.) he tells the story of a long-forgot ten experiment in constitutional Government.

was founded on June 2, 1871, when The Kingdom of the Fiji Islands

Thakombau, "War Lord of Mbau," and one of the great chiefs of the Islands, was proclaimed King. His Government was recognised by the United States and several other nations, but never by Great Bri-

tain.

With the assistance of, Euro- peans, several of whom became the King's Ministers, a "general elec- tion" was held for a "House Commons,"" while 8 "House Lords" was formed from members of the Fijian aristocracy.

Waa

of of

excellent

|

મૈં

SIR EWEN MACLEAN'S ATTACK

Young Mothers Championed

to

The "no children” order tenants was criticised at the con- terence of the Maternity and Child Welfare Group of the So- ciety of Medical Omcers of Health held at Cardift.

came

to

Sir Ewen Maclean, Professor of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at the Welsh National School of Medi- cine, quoted

instance a recent which

his notice. A sturdy young couple-the husband in good employment-with a na- tural desire for children, settled in a tiny house, he said. When it was known that a baby was ex- pected the landlady said, "We can't have babies here; it will disturb all the other tenants." The young couple ultimately found in- different accommodation.

"There is something wrong when young couple can be turned out of house and home at such a time," he said. "The great bulk of com- finements in England and Wales

are to-day, and for many years will continue to be, in the homes of the people. The advocates of birth control, so-called, will say. 'Well, they have their remady. I doubt it. It is much more pro- bable that such instances provide more work for the abortionist, qualified and unqualified.”

"On the closely related subject of abortion." Sir Ewen said, "I am in favour of amendment of the law so that properly indicated and consultatively advised therapeutic abortion may be performed with- out fear or misgiving."

THE CHIEF JUSTICE In addition, writes Mr. Brewster, Chief Justice was appointed, "who presided over the Supreme Court in a scarlet gown, a full- bottomed wig, and all the dillinery of an Engilsh judge. He was Bir Charles St. Julian, who derived his title, from being a Knight of the Order of King Kamehameha of Hawall. He

Professor Gilbert Strachan, of lawyer, although he had never Cardiff, said that at least half the when, been called to the Bar nor practis- present mortality rate was un-

skilled as a solicitor."

avoldable. That was the conclu- The Mace used in the Filansion of the great majority of the Dr. Burt's theory is that the use House of Commons was King various medical bodies that had of either" band, for choice, has a Thakombau's battleaxe, which in

discussed the subject. “survival value" in the struggle his wilder youth had frequently for existence-through the-removal been used in battle."Some of the of hesitation and the development Wesleyan missionaries were con- of extra skill with one hand-and suited." states the author, "and by that right-handedness has a fur- their influence the erstwhile blood- ther advantage through the natur-stained weapon was embellished al disposition of the body. The with little allver doves and olive centre of gravity of the body, he branches, «being thus turned into points out, is slightly on that side.

an emblem of peaëe." while several of the more vulner- able organs, including the stomach, are on the left. In a right-handed individual they are kept further out of harm's way.

Scenes in the House of Com- mons, where the carafes on the big table were filled with gin instead of water, were not uncommon.

On one occasion, Mr. Brewster

1. Discussing his main survey of

writes. "'a Scota gentleman, the backward children Dr. Burt ex-member for South Taviuni, insisted presses the view that in nearly 70 per cent. of cases the causes of backwardness are mainly mental. and in only about 30 per cent. mainly social, physical, or connect- ed with school conditions. As many as 78.6 per cent. of London backward, children were found to show" inherited conditions." and 49 per cent. In the case of Birming- ham.

upon reciting Burns' 'A man's a man for a' that. Upon his being induced to sit down the member for South Levuka "jumped up and addressed the House, Mr. Speaker and Gentlemen, when Shakespeare penned "Write me down an ass" do you think he had the Honour- able Member for South Tavian In mind?" "

The result was a fight on the floor of the House between the two members.

·

GİN TAX DEFEAT

<J

Later the Government was de feated over a proposed tax on gin and the Opposition was returned by a large majority. The King re- fused to accept the resignation of his Ministers, however, and this unconstitutional procedure was RC- cepted by his native subjects as proper chief-like, behaviour.

"If we could bring our maternal mortality rate down to three per thousand as it is in Holland," he added, "we should be satisded.”

(Maternal mortality in England and Wales last year was 3.81 per thousand live births, the lowest since 1922). -

M.C.C.. TEAM IN CANADA

Ottawa, Aug. 2. The M.C.C. started their tour of Canada to-day when they played against Toronto. This is second the time are M.C.C. team has visited the Dominion... The team will play in all the principal cities during the tour-

Heuter's Bulletin Service.

The M.C.C. team comprises:-- Hon. C. J. Lyttleton (Worcester) (Capt.), G. C. Newman (Middlesek), N. G. Wykes (Essex), K. A. Seliar (Sussex), J. W. A Stephenson (Essex), A. F. Slagleton (Oxford U.), A.. G. Powell (Essex), §. C. Griffith (Surrey), J.M. Brocklebank (Cambridge U.), J. T. Neve (Band) of Brothers, Kent), N. M. Ford. (Derbyshire), J. F. Mendi (Oxford U. Authentics).

when

in the "Cannibal lands,"

WILS Justified

OUTSTANDING CAUSE "In the majority of cases," he emphasises. "the outstanding cause is a general inferiority of intellectual capacity, presumably inborn and frequently hereditary., Explaining the complexity of the problem, he points out that, on the average, each backward child is handicapped by at least three adverse factors. Three-quarters of the London children are stated to suffer from physical limitations.

their.. nickname After three years, however, In and the same proportion from "un- October, 1874, the King, tired of There are much information on favourable intellectual conditions." the troubles of governing, ceded early native customs and many Other contributory causes are list-his country to Britain and the 38-

amusing anecdotes in the volume ed as: Social conditions, less than lands were turned into a CrownI

which is fully Mustrated two-thirds; temperamental COM- Colony. The old monarch retired ditions, about one third; school on a pension: Hving for several conditions, only about one-sixth. years longer.

Among the physical handicaps found, minor defects of general health are stated to be the most common, followed by defects of sight, hearing and speech.

The general adoption of special classes, of backward schoolchildren la urged, and the appointment of visiting psychologists in country districts. He suggests as the ideal teacher someone who is bright, adaptable, and concrete." rather than "bookish" in his leanings. Dr. Burt's book is the most com- plete study of the subject yet pub- lished in this country.

WIN LAST MATCH

Perth, Aug. 2.. The English amateur soccer team

at present touring Australia play-

In this book Mr. Brewster, who served for 20 years as an officer in the Fill Government, pas written a fascinating story of the old days

7,

HONG KONG TIDE TABLJE From August 3. to 9, 1937,

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