1935-04-30 — Page 3

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1

THE WEAKNESS OF THE

BRITISH FLEET

Influence Of Naval Treaties

(By Sir Archibald Hurd.)

That the London Naval Treaty

· is still bindering the "restoration of the British Navy has been ad- mitted by tht First Lord of the Admiralty. While the Washing- ton Treaty dealt specifically with the building of battleships, limit ing their number, size and arma- ment, the London Treaty restricted the cruiser and torpedo · forces which could be buil These Himletions apply not only to the United Kingdom, but to the whole Empire, restraining the Dominions from constructing such ships as a new situation may render desir able. The world situation has undergone a drastic change since the London Treaty was signed. In Európe, Germany, having broken away from the League of Nations,

a mine-layer, one a general ser- vice; or "P" type, and the other

HONG KONG DAILY PRESS, TUESDAY, APRIL 30, 1935

FLYING THE PACIFIC

A Commercial Service

(Special Air Mail Service)

London, April 18.

commercial an "8" or patrol type vessel; one Regular aeroplane submarine depot ship: four service across the Pacific Ocean is sloops; three mine-sweeping, and contemplated in the not distant one convoy sloop; one surveying future. Pan-American Airways is expects to ship, and seven small vesels, in- the company which cluding two coastal sloops, one maintain this service, and the first small mine-layer, two gate vessels, experimental fights will begin and two trawlers, When the First about the middle of July "of this Lord of the Admiralty was recent year, says a correspondent from ly criticised for the smallness of New York. the number of new

The route to be flown begins at men-of-war which were being built in view of San Francisco, and the first "hop the weakness of the Fleet, he ex- Is to Honolulu, 2,100 miles, in a plained the present embarrassing south-westerly direction. The next "position. "The programme of new station is Midway Island, 1,150 construction under the Navy Es-miles farther on, to the north-west, timates for 1935-6 Is,” he said, "In The next point is Wake Island all respects a normal replacement 1.200 milles away to the south-west, programme." It is governed by and the next is Guam 1,450 miles

RACING CAR CRASHES

At Chateau Thierry

(Special Air Mail Service)

London, April 18

Four people were killed and seventeen injured. when a racing car with Cattaneo, the famous Italian "ace," at the wheel, dashed into the crowd during a speed Chateau Thierry, hill-climb at France, recently.

A gid aged two-and-a-half and a boy of fourteen were killed on the spot. The other victims died soon afterwards,

It is feared that at least three more of those in hospital will die. so severe were the injuries they received when the glant ear. a 5-litre Stutz, mowed them down.

Crashed, Backwards

Cattaneo was driving in $ event in which many famous racers were taking part.

He was nearing the finishing

has ignored the Treaty of Versail- the "London Naval Treaty which np, and still to the south-west me when the ear skidded swing

les by applying military service. to her population and by es- tablishing an air force. In the United States, Increased ex- penditure has been undertaken. on all forms of armaments

the with

result that that vast country" which is least opert the to aggression, owing to protection afforded by the Atlan, tic and Pasific Oceans, is spending on her Navy. Army and Alt Force twice as much money each year as the whole of the widely distri- buted peoples of the British Em- pire, vulnerable as they are to at- Nor tack by sea, land and air. again in comparing the present altuation with that which existed when the London Naval Treaty was signed can the assertion by Japan of her lordship over the Eastern World .be overlooked. in- cluding as it does her domination of Manchukuo and her attempt to bring China under her influence,

Finally, the League of Nations. to which the United States has rever given its support, which Germany and Japan have broken away and to which Italy gives only llp services, does not exercise

controls not only the total tonnage Then comes Manila, in the Philip allowed, but the replacement ton-pine Islands, 1,500 miles away and right round and crashed back- nage in various categories. Un-almost due west. The next jump wards, cutting its way through der the Treaty it is not permis-is to Canton, China, where the new the shrieking crowd like a knife, and leaving a tra of dead and sible, for example, to lay down in line will connect with the existing the next two years more than 54.- Chinese services of Pan-American Cattaneo, who right up to the

Injured. 000 tons in cruisers, 61.436 in Chinese Airways.

moment of the crash could be seen destroyers, and 7,748 tons in sub-

The as. North Haven, a 15,000-struggling to pull the marines. The shree cruisers of the ton supply ship, has now left the under control, jumped out

car back and 1935-6 programme will absorb 27-United States carrying the equip. 000 tons just one-half the des- ment and personnel to establish smashed to matchwood.

escaped injury just as it was troyers 12.500 tons; and the sub-these new air bases across the marines 3,240" tons.

Pacific.

Two of these stations,, those on Midway and, on Wake The position at the end of 1935 Islands, will be in territory that is now uninhabited. The North Haven When the London Naval Treaty

A STEADY PROGRAMME

two weeks, while stores are being landed: A party of ten engineers and 35 other workers will be disem- barked in order to erect living-huts and a wireless station. Then the

The drivers used their cars to take people to hospital.

The trials were immediately stopped. Oncoming competitors were warned of the tragedy by the cries of the injured, which mingled with those of frantic comes to an end will be that in remain off Midway Island for people trying to find friends and cruisers the British Governments

relatives whose fate they did not to the

know. will have bullt fully up permitted tonnage and to the re placement tonnage, while in sub- marines it will have done very

Among the injured were seven women. One has had to have neatly the same thing. So far as ship will go on to Wake Island, destroyers are concerned the Gov-where similar preparations will be both legs ampatated, another one ernment are pursuing a policy of made. Guam Island win next beleg, and another has lost a foot.

called at, but the preparations Earlier in the trials a car driven not building up to what they are

needed there are not expected to by Lagrolliere crashed into a tree allowed under replacement ton-

fire, The driver nage, on the plea that they attach so complete, since Quam Island and caught from

the very greatest Importance to "a has already a considerable popula-escaped injury.

tion and some of the ground faci- steady programme,"

that beneficent control over world affairs that was anti- pated, as has been proved by the fighting in Manchuria, Abyssinia and in the Grand Chacho. The

·world is less peaceful than it was when the London Treaty, an set of faith on the part of the British peoples, was concluded as a sequel to the repeated "gestures" to a

in reduction

Daval

armaments which had been made in preceding years in the vain hope that other Powers would follow the example,

NEW CONSTRUCTION PROGRAMME

The effect of the British mo- deration on British naval policy is no longer concealed. The new constraction programme for 1935 is as follows: Three cruisers of the "Southampton" (late "Mina- taur") type: one leader, and right destroyers; three submarines, one

LONDON BOMBAY

SERVICE

4

The S.S. Strathmore

(Special Ah Mall Service)

London, April 18.

obsolete

In the circumstances, the Bri-ties for flying already exist. tish Fleet is. becoming

Pan-American Airways have for because money which would in several years been studying the the attempt to maintain the eff- problems involved in trans-Pacific clency of old ships. Under the flights and have been accumulating Navy Estimates of 1935--8 no less meteorological and other necessary a sum than £7,500,000. is being data. The seaplanes used will be devoted to reconstruction and re-equipped with a special radio direc- pairs. This course has proved in- tion-finder, which can operate up evitable owing to the action taken to a distance of 1,800 miles and by the governments of other mari-will make it almost impossible for! time countries. In this respect, the flying ship to get of her course as is officially admitted, the Bri- These seaplanes have four engines, tish Government has been remiss developing 2,600 horse-power in all, in modernising the fleet. The and will carry thirty-two passen- United States of America has gers and'a considerable quantity of modernised 10 of her 15 ships at goods. The Brazilian Clipper, of

To Be Continued)

a cost of about £16,000,000, and which the other seaplanes to be is anticipated that Japan, will used will be duplicates, weighs 19 have modernised the whole of her tons, is 68 feet long, and has a ships by the end of 1937, while the wing spread of 114 feet. These British Government has only mo- ships carry a crew of six, a master dernised, if it can be called mo- pilot and two assistants, a naviga- | dernising, one ship.

tor engineer, an engineer sfâcer, and a radio man. Their normal cruising speed is about 150 miles an hour. They are built in the United States at the Bikorsky plant in Bridgeport, Connecticut. The Brazi- Han Clipper and her sister ship, the Pan-American Clipper, have al- ready been flown on a number of long test flights in the Caribbean. under conditions duplicating as nearly as possible those they are expected to meet in the Pacific

101,872 SCOTSTM

Living in London

<Special Air Mail Service)

London, April 18. For more than one reason the

The gigantic task or classifying P. & O. liner Strathmore, which in detail the living population of was launched by the Duchess of England and Wales, enumerated as York from the yard of Vickers at midnight on April 25, 1931, As Armstrongs, Limited, at Barrow-in-now, to all intents and purposes. Furness last week, will be a not-. Í finished. able vessel. Of about 24,000 tons

gross, she will be the largest liner

bullt for the P. & O.. for she will rather exceed in gross tonnage the successful new ships Strathaird and Strathnaver. The new vessel is in- tended primarily for a fast service between London and Bombay, in which the liner Viceroy of India has been doing excellent work, and on the performances of which the new ship is expected to improve.

Cold Chambers

The long series of detailed statis

ues already published is now com-j

pleted by the issue of a volume bearing the title "General Tables," providing aggregated figures which have hitherto been obtainable only by laborious extraction from some 63 separate county records.

There were 366,486 persona living in England and Wales who were born in Scotland, while those with Irish Free State nationality num- bered 303,076, In Greater Lon- The Strathmore is, however, oc-don were 101,872 Bcots or their cationally to be employed in the children, while the figure for the Australian service, and so she la be- Irish Free State was 86,741, ** ing fitted with special insulated Among European countries Fo- chambers for the carriage of chill-land was returned as the birthplace ed beef, and also with several of 43,912 persons by far the high- chambers for the transport of other est total while Russia was given refrigerated cargoes requiring du by.38,133 persons." ferent temperatures." She is to Four" years ago there were 150 make her maiden voyage from Lon-persons in England and Wales who don to Bombay on October 26, dur- were 100 years of age and over, ing the height of the outward sea- Women far outnumbered the men "son, when the: demand for accom-centenarians-129 against 27 malea modation is normally heavy, and According to the census, 8,488,813 she is already assured of good up men in England and Wales were port. Before inaugurating her re married, 7718,858 widowers, and 13,- gular service, she is to make a pre-b46 divorced. Women returned as liminary cruise of 17 days from married numbered: 0.603,598, those London to Mediterrranean ports | widowed 1,783,517, and the those and Madeira on September 27.

divorced-19,189

UNITED STATES PETROL CONSUMPTION

Gasoline consumption to the United States in 1934 amounted to 16,817,050,000 gallons, accorde, ing to preliminary figures pre- pared by the American Petroleum Institute. This is within less than 5,000,000 gallons of the all- time high for consumption eslab- lished in 1931, when 16,6217,140,- 000 gallons were used.

There was an increase of 1,178– 726,000 gallons, or 7.83 per cent, over the consumption of 1933, Every State in the Union showed an increase, but the District of Columbia recorded a drop.

Baird H. Markham, director of the American Petroleum Indus- tries Committee of the Institute"" attributes a part of the recorded rise to better gas "tax, enforce-: ment. Only the gasoline taxed is recorded.

New Yorn motorists consumed more gasoline than those of any other State, a total of 1,577,018,- 000 gallons. The next largest amounts of gasoline were "con- sumed in California, Pennsylvania and Illinois.

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