1931-11-21 — Page 3

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HONG KONG DAILY PRESS, SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 21, 1931.

ENGINEERING AND BUILDING

MANCHESTER'S NEW GRAMMAR SCHOOL.

THE ARCHITECTURE,

MAIN FEATURES OF THE

DESIGN.

buildings obtrude themselves. O ARTISTIC DESIGN IN

the shat side can be seen the too

typical houses of a Corporation suburb, whilst staung, along Old Hall Lane are a suries of semi- detached villas where, one feels, à orescent of well-designed houses occupied by members of the school || staff would have fittingly completed the main scheine. In both casoa,

however, trees can no doubt be planted inside the grounds to mask out these features which, as long as they can be seen in relation to the school; contrust unfavourably with

CONCRETE.

THE GREAT VIADUCT AT

LOS ANGELES.

One of the most artistic strud tures yet created in reinforced con crete, the great viaduct in Log. Angeles, has just been completed, It carries a roadway over several streets, two railways" and the Los Angeles River.

For crossing the waterway an sich span of 284 fast was prövided to give an uninterrupted channel. To clear the railway tracks, a series Fol girder archos, 83 feet in the clear, were used; and the soffits of these girders, near the river, wore, cambered to give the appearance of very flat arches to harmonise withy the arched sections of the viaduct, which include the river arch and a series of flat arches over the streces,

During the last fifty years faw architectural problems have passed through so many stages of develop mant as the planning of schools, From the Victorian grammar school to its present-day counterpart is a lit far cry. Not only has the rango One of the best positions for ap of subjects taught been grontly ox-preciating the skill with which the tended, making it necessary to pro-school buildings are composed is in vide accommodation and equipment Oid Hall Lane on the axis of the not even thought of in the past, ranin approach. Directly ahead, but the educational emphasis, the the centre black of the main group importance given to particular sub-rises from a wide low terrace, joeta, has altered. Where preced- With its great central arch and once used to be given to the class high, widely spaced windows this rooms devoted to the teaching or block by its breadth and simplicity dominates the whole of the south those rather arbitrarily restricted front. On either side of the block

These street arches are rigid elements of what was called a liber- extend symmetrical portions of the frames with vertical legs and curved al education, and where science and two-storied buildings enclosing the top beams. The importation of the art, the manual crafts, and phy-main quadrangle, to the east again

an arcade, and, beyond, that, the river arch, as the central igure of sien culture were wont to be re group which comprises the gym the viaduct, had to be emphasised, legated, to inadequate annexes, for- sium and swimming-bath, both the and this was done by orecting latter being one storey only in tanate indeed if any specific provi- height. To unity this emblage of pylons, extending over forty, feet sion were made for them at all, to structures so varied in purpose, above the street level at each end day these intier subjects are held shape, and size has demanded oxof that section.

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commodation. Again, the aspects of classrooms, the means by which they

The Vertical Motif,

The bridge engineer states that

to deserve the most generoas ac.ceptional powers of design, but the feat has been accomplished-and accomplished with distinction By using the same material throughout aro ventilated, these and other vital small South. Country brick with because of the different types of subtle variations of tone-u warm points are now fully appreciated-uniformity of colour has been obstructural design used, it was felt ne they used not to be, and the contained everywhere: at the same advisable to divide the structure sequences are to be seen in the opent time a flexible but consistent scale

into different parts by emphasising the vertical elements at the main and extended planning typient ofas been maintained in the eleva most recently built schools in Eng

abutments separating the different Ind. All these factors have, in

sections. This accentuation of ver short, combined to affect profound-

tical lines was carried into the ly the traditional building program

handrail, providing a vertical motii instead of the horizontal emphasis

me.

tions as a whole.

›

The Main Quadrangle.

Behind the axial archway of the centro block an arcaded and barrel- Vhulted passage admits to the main quadrangle, ground which aro razig- ed on the ground floor the adminis-naturally produced by d succession

of horizontul elements. The Architects' Opportunity.

tration and class rooms, the library,,

It was in the determination of la the new Manchester Grammar and the museum, whilst on the first

floor of the centre block is the these essential features that, the School the full complexity at a mo- drawing ball. The traditional mo- architectural treatment of the sto dern day school is exhibited on &tives of the English collegiate court ture as a whole was developed. The scale for which not many parallels are employed in this quadrangle vertical lines of Gothic work wers with delightful effect. The series of simplified into severely plain can be found. Here grouped in one round-headed windows lightings the treatment, quite in keeping with the grent composition are buildings in rooms and corridors on the ground massive concrete structure to be.

the rectangular windows embellished. which every aspect of school activity floor,

and, surmounting It is interesting to note that tho is represented and in which the above them, parts of the whole are so skilfully these, the roof of rich, brown tiles pre-cast concrete panels of the combing to achieve a result of quiet, balustrade, while expressing Gothic and unassuming dignity. No Bra ornament, were designed to faci matic feature asserts itself to break litate quantity production, and the the ordered rhythm of the facades, vértical elements are carried up

related that not only is very pras tical need not without apparent difficulty, but the arent turnt ex pression is extraordinaily batisty

have

"

harmonise with the remainder of the structure and yet carry orna mentation almost to the point of

ing. If the site offered to archi. Above the entrance to the quad into the ornamental bases of the rangle is a small cupcla carrying pre-cast, concrete lighting stand- ects of imagination as uncommon the clock presented by the Receiver ards. The lanterns are designed to opportunity, it should he said that Dr. Percy Worthington and Mr. of the School, and this point of em- Francis Jones have known how to phasis is re-echoed on the opposite take full advantage of it. They side of the court by a belfry which

is crowned by an amusing weather elaboration. The lanterns are of disposed their buildings

A small cast alumium, which has a better around three quadrangles at the vane of originui form, northeast corner of the site adjoin-schoolboy sits astride one end of appearance than bronze and ard ing Birchfields Park, and by so do the horizontal bar of the vane, at the first viaduct lighting standarda ing have ensured the most spacious the other it schoolmaster in cap. and to be made of that metal.

gown flourishes a birch and seems Betting for them.

about to swoop down upon the little figure facing him. A school which permits its architects to in- dulge in a fancy of this kind must be informed by a refreshing spirit,

The open land, amounting to some thirty acres or more, thus freed for use as playing fields on the south and west of the school is separated from the park on the north nothing more than a minor "road. In effect, therefore, the school is on three of its sides surrounded by ample grounds, parts of which aro wooded. Only beyond the east and south boundaries do regrettable

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ORDER FOR LOCOMOTIVES.

The Form Work,

י'.

Mr. Merrill Butler, engineer of the concrete work states that the vin duct, whether cast in place or pre-

cast, has been left with the natural concrete surface. No surfaces are plastered, but they have, in certain places; been smoothed with car borundum grinders operated by

A very high quali- An interesting order for ive 3-compressed air. cylinder 462 type locomotives hasty of concrete was used, the average recently been completed by Messrs. strength of 214 mples tested being Beyer, Peak & Co., Ltd, of 711lbs per square inch under cam- Manchester For the Federated pression at twenty-eight days.

In order to get the best results, Malay States Railways. These locomotives, which are designated so far as appearance is concerned, as Clase S are probably the great care was taken over the tim- bor form work. Only the best most powerful orthodox type pas- senger locomotives in the World quality of tongued and grooved planking was used, the forms were operating on the meter gauge, well braced to maintain alignment, developing a tractive effort 20,470 lb. at 85 ptr cent, boiler and all joints were examined to make sure they were perfectly tight before the concrete was poured.

ITORSUTE..

ابه

NEW GROUPING OF US. RAILWAYS.

CONSOLIDATION PLAN SUB, MITTED TO COMMERCE COMMISSION.

of

So far as the concrete is concern- ed, rather more attention than usual was paid to small details. Every caro was taken to avoid segregation of materials, which would have re splted in honeycombing, water-guin near the top of the pour, and a far from uniform concrete. Attention was also paid to the water content, New York-Representative of the architects allowing only six gal the leading eastern railways have reached an agreement on plans for that figuro including any water car

!

a realignment of interests into four major.trunk line systems. The con- solidation programme, it is expect

1.

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During the placing of the con- crete, it was, well spaded along the

ed, will receive the approval of top of the forms to drive out air Government officials,

pockets: and to consolidate the The executives of the eastern mass. Where possible the concrete railway announced that after many was poured into the forms in fairly conferences officials of the Penney! small quantítios, every layer, being yanin System, the New Central, well tamped before the next, was Baltimore and Ohio and the Nickel poured, Had that precaution not. Plate Systean renched an agreement been taken, it is probable that the which will be forwarded to the lines of an irregular pour would Interstate Commerce Commission in have shown when the timber work Washington. It recommends modi was removed, and their removal. fications in the Commission's group- might have been an expensive mat- ing plan but it provides for con- ter. The construction joints also re solidations of the port supported by quired, and received, special ation President Hoover

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