1931-03-26 — Page 2

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HONG KONG DAILY PRESS, THURSDAY, MARCH 26, 1931.

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FEATURES

DIRECTIONAL TRANSMISSION AND

RECEPTION.

VARIOUS METHODS OF ADAPTION TO THE NEEDS OF MARITIME SERVICES.

*

and by someone with whom he is accustomed to working. In cases of bad visibility a continuous watch can be kept on the Direction Finder and the movements of all adjacent ships carrying wireless can he as- certained without delay.

Direction Finders Without Operators,

The principles of directional wire. ¡ installed, thereby involving the less, both for transmission and re minimum maintenance cost; and it can be put into commission at 'n ception, are now in practical use in a variety of ways, especially in lighthouse or on a lightship, where assisting in the navigation of ships space is at a premium and where and aireraft. As the shipowner, weather conditions are such that it would be impossible to instal any ultimately, has to pay for all mari-complicated form of aerial. It may time aids to navigation, through be suggested that before this bea

The Direction Finder on a ship" cun enn be of value to the ship is independent of the other wire dues paid in one way or another,

owner he has to incur the expense some of these applications are eon-

of carrying a Direction Finder on less equipment and can be carried on ships which have no other wire. sidered in the following article:---

his ship, but this does not do Shipowners now make a good justice to the value of the Direction less apparatus or operator, as long deal of use of wireless for navige Finder apart from its use in deter as there is someone on board suf- soning the bearings of boneon ficiently skilled in reading Morse tional purposes, and as they have stations. A ship carrying a Direc-signals, to identify the stations to pay directly or indirectly for tion Finder can use it in any part heard. On ships which do carry such services they should have the of the world to obtain bearings of other wireless equipment and an fullest knowledge of the methods any land or ship station without operator, no extra charges are in itself. The shipowner pays nothing available, and some voice as to the regard to the system of transmisvolved oxcept for the instrument

sion employed.

more for the operator's services systems opted for their use. The

thes if the ship has no Direction following methods are now avail

Finder. able:-

(1) Direction Finders on ships taking bearings of Fixed Bea cons, or any other land or ship wireless station, (2) Direction Finders ashore

ing bearings on request. (3) Rotating Loop Beacon

tions.

(4) Rotating Beam Stations.

Fixed Beacon Station.

Direction Finding in Cases of Distress.

"anap

As an example of the value of this facility a recent incident may be quoted of a ship's operator re- ceiving a distress signal from an- giv-other ship which was foundering

He immediately took a Sta-bearing from the distressed ship's signal and passed it to his Captain. The estimated position given by the ship in dietress placed her on the port bow of the rescuing ship, while the wireless bearing put her on the starboard bow. The Cap tain followed the wireless bearing and arrived on the scene after the erew had taken to the lifeboats,

Land Direction Flading Stations,

There are a number of Direction Finding stations installed at vari. the coast to give ous places on

ships their bearings. The proce dure in this case is for the ship to call the shore, station to take a bearing and to transmit for a specified time while that hearing in taken. A charge is made against the ship for this service. A dis- advantage in this method is that in thick weather when the navigator and frequently, he may not be wants to check his position quickly within range of a suitably equipped and station, or, if he is in range, he may have to wait bis turn for bearings to be taken because other the same time. If there is a Direc- ships in the vicinity want them at tion Finder on hoard he can obtain

The principal type of Beacon station, now in worldwide use, is n normal transmitter, sending out a distinguishing signal at regular intervals on & special wavelength This type of station-known as the fixed bencon-has met with univer. and, with only 20 minutes daylight sal approval among navigators of in hand, rescued them all. Had he ships fitted with Direction Finders, gone to the estimated position because it is usually installed at given in the distress message he well-known points such as light would have found himself 25 miles ships or lighthouses, from which away from the lifeboats, and any positions navigators are nécustom-sue would have been problema-bearings both of the land stations

tical. The Direction Finder

מס

ed to work out their distances, board ship places the

means of and other ships, as and when he

wants them and without charge. courses, etc. In this case, the wire taking hearings of any other station less bearing augments the visual

(Continued on Page 3) bearing, with the additional advan directly under the Captain's control Enge of being available over a very much greater distance and at times when visual bearings are impos sible The fixed beacon station has the advantage, too, of being en- tirely gutomalie in oporation, even to the extent of charging its own batteries it requires no additional staff at the station at which it is

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HAVE YOU HEARD THESE?

Here are lists of long-wave and short-wave stations which should be picked up by anyone in Hong Kong who has a mode- rately good set suitable for re- calving such signals. Success in picking up these stations also dependa very largely upon fav. ourable atmospheric conditions. Renders are invited to add to this list should they succeed in picking up any station not in cluded in either of these lists.

LONG-WAVE STATIONS.

Wave length (Metres) Station 260 Manila 277 Shanghai 280 Tientsin

Coll Kilo

Sign cycle' K.Z.I.B. 1,183 K.S.M.S. 1,065 C.R.C. 1,070 310 Shanghai K.R.C. 967 320 Peping C.O.P.K. 945 345 Tokyo J.O.A.K, 870 850 333 Hiroshima J.O.F.K

840 333 Hong Kong Z.B.W. 357 Bombay V.U.B 840 351 Sapporo J.O.I.K. 6:30 366 Keijo

370 Nagoya 370.4 Calcutta

J.O.D.K. 820

J.O.C.K. 810

7.0.0

809.9

380 Kumamoto J.O,G.K. 790

300 Sendai

365 Dairen 398 Rangoon

400 Osaka 410. Cantón – 413 Manila

SHORT-WAVE STATIONS.

STATION

CALL SIGK

KILO

CYCLES

J.O..K. 770 J.D.A.E. 700

V.U.R.

754 J.O.B.K. 750

GM.B K Z.L.M.

TIME (HONG Koxa)

OF WORKING

788 720.****

4,434 | Mon., Wod & Fri., 6 pm, & 2 a.m

4,201 Not regular “...).

6,000 Tan, Thurs, Sat, 8 pan.

6,896 Sunday midnight

| - | 7,143 | Dally 6.80 p.m. & 11 p.m.

7,310 Not regular

7,730 Dally if p.m.

8,108 Tung & Fri., 1. p.m.-1 a.m.

07.05 Dobintz (Gormany).

A.F.K.

60.19 Khabarovsk (Russia)

RA.9%

4,900 | 6-10 p.m.

66.7.

50.

Nauon Moscow

A.G.J..

B.V.N.

43.5 Rome

1.M.A.

43.

Forth 41.3 Singapore

·0.A,G,-

V.8.1.A,B

35.9

Kootwijk (Holland)

P.C.I..

37. Bangkok (Sism).

HSAPJ.

22.3. Bydnoy

2.3.L

9,250 Not regular.

91.65 Melbourne

S.L.O.

81.48 Bohonectady

W.2.1.A.F. 9,630 Daily 7 m

31,20 Eindhoven (Holland)

P.C.J.

91.28 Sydney

2.F.C.

0,600 Not regular

Nairobi (Kenya).

7.1.0..

9,677 Midnight daily

99.6 Sydney

B.N.E.

10,528 Not regular

27.B

Baadbeng

P.LR

11,020 Midnight-3 a,. daily

25.63 Obamaford (England) 5.8.W.

9,503 | Not regular

9,020 Prl. 8 am, Sat. 3 a.m. & 10 am,

11,781 7.80 p.m. & 8 a.tn. daily, ascept

Baturday and Sunday.

K.L.X.R.. 12,240 Nightly W.2.1.0. 12,650 m. Wot, Fri, Sat. P.L.G.

28,102 Dally 680 p.m. to midnight 10,804 Daily 7- paño en

•F.L.F.:

121.6

Manila

28.36 Bohenectady

18,88 Bandoeng

..

TELEN

FUN

28.6

Kootwijk (Holland)

P.C.L

17.4

Bandpong

10.0

Bangkok

16.3 Kootwijk (Holland)

16.74 Bandoong

15.6

Nancy (FCO)

13.93 Pittsburg

181.2.3. P.C.K

.

17.280 Daily 9 p., to midnight 17,761 Bundays7 pm & midnight 19.404 Each afternoon. PLE19,220 | Dally 530—7.p.m.

10,361 Daily B'san, 31,640 Not regular

W.8.X.K.

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