1930-04-12 — Page 6

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“NUGGET"

THE HONG KONG DAILY PRESS, SATURDAY, APRIL 12, 1930.

MODERN METHODS OF MEASUREMENT.

LECTURE AT ENGINEERS' INSTITUTE.

PROF. M. SMITH ON CHINA'S CHAOTIC STANDARD.

Under the auspices of the Institution of Engineers and Ship- was read by builders of Hong Kong, a very interesting paper Professor C. A. Middleton Smith last night in the Institute on "Modern Methods of Measurement; the World Beyondeur Seaves. There was a large and appreciative audiencë. Mr. R..

. Dyer was in the ebait.

In the opening part of his lecture, Professor Middleton Smith tock occasion to comment on the present situation in China, and tated that in his opinion, the main problem in China, to-day was the inertia of the masses.

VALUE OF ACCURATE MEASUREMENT.

Prof. Middleton Smith said: Many genturies ago a rule: unided chaotic system of writing. This huge country, that is as big the and varied as a continent, as just Nothing giving any practical re- sults has been done to unify and beginning its great industrial re- volution. It has an almost in legalise currency, weights and mea

of

sures. China may be considered as unskilled exhaustible supply

a huge continent, and the people labour; it has-in proportion to Britain and America-an almost are so diverse with many different negligible quantity of highly train-ustoms and a natural bias for the It is therefore ed and experienced skilled labour. old, old customs. However wel, we, in the University-probable that, unless there is ot Hong Kong, or other technical money in it, change will be stub- Yet every effort institutions, train young Chinese bornly resisted. engineers, there must be a demand should be made to secure, all over

uniform standard B tor supervisors from other countries China, for many decades yet, unless the industrial changes, in Chins are uch less rapid in future than in the last ten years.

length.

countries

HEROISM, HORROR AND HUMOUR.

"JOURNEY'S END."

It is not often that we have an opportunity of seeing on a local stage what is described as "a great London success," and when we do the effect produced is frequently apt to leave us woadering--why the auccess Still less often do we see a play produced in this Coleny-

high

is still drawing crowded housea in London. Journey's End has the proud distinction of being the play with the longest run of any now on the metropolitan stage, and after seeing it at the Star Theatre, Kowloon, last night it is easy to understand why it has proved so popular among London playgoers. It is one of those rare productions which really does hold the mirror up to nature-which shows us individuals and incidents

ed between of

It is probable that in applied. science work the standards of other will he used. Here, again, is possibility of confusion. Varying Measures in China.

The machinery made in Great Thegreatest drag on all com Britain and America has the Eng- merer, on all ideas of the new in-lish system of measurements; there dustrial era in China, on all hopes is also the machinery built on the of prosperity in the country, is the metric system and imported from The Tail- chaotic state of the measures in France, Germany, etc. use. We must have a definite star ways are built with varying gauges dard of length fer comparison; that and the locomotives with different standard must be legalised and units of measurements; it will be rigidly adhered to, if there is to impossible to avoid a great deal of accuracy in the work that is wasted time and money if this sort. of haphazard mixing of units goes on. Since it seems certain that English will be the language for commercial intercourse between Chian and other nations it is rea sonable to suggest that China should adopt the English units of measures. Practically all motor cars imported use the English sys- tem. For that branch of transport there will be a big increase in de mand of vehicles."

done.

If trade is to be carried on at all there must be some accepted conventions. In practice, in any place in China, each trade has its own standard; and trade standards in any one place differ from these ta other places. The social and econ omic benefits that follow the adop tion of a uniform system of mea- sures are incalculable. There can be no better method of improving commercial intercourse and deve- loping the natural resources of the country than a uniformity of the system of measures in China.

The subject of my lecture to-night has been chosen because many years of residence in the Far East

.Methods of Measurement.

which, if we cannot all actually recognise. we visualise.

"Journey's End,” as probably everybody knows, is a wär-play, but it denis with that grim subject in such a masterly way that none a ed fear a harrowing of the feelings. It is a moving story, certainly— one that will touch tender chord in the hearts of many, but the grimness is relieved by frequen: Bashes of real humour, which come as natural as the repartee exchang L London policeman and a cheeky costermonger.

The horror of the story not that n sociated with the maiming and mangling of men's bodies-there is nothing revolting or sickening ef that nature, in the play. The dark patches deal with the psychological rather than the physical side of trench-life-and the effect produced. upon the beholder is one of sym- revulsion. That pathy and not such grim realities can be handled without giving offence is testimory to the remarkable skill.of the play- wright, whose ingenuity is as active as his imagination.

..can very easily

The serion of the play takes place in a dug-out in the British trenches in front of St. Quentin. It is a simple enough scene, and the drab surroundings set off most effectively the vivid realism of the acting. It is a play without a hero or perhaps we should say that all the charac- ters are heroes in their way." Some of them are far from heroic by nature, but circumstances compet them to make a show of boldness. The scene between the drunken Stanhope (Mr. Edgar Owen) and the pitiful nervous wreck Hibbert Mr. Ronnid Brentford) is amazing in its powerful appeal, and the

Professor Middleton Smith then

representation of the lovable char proceeded to discuss the various methods of measurement from

Kenneth Birrell) is something to be highly technical point of view, takacter of Osborne (played by Mr. has made me realise the confusion j ing as his headings such paints as long remembered, Raleigh Mr.

of

general inaceurney found in all the micrometer, etanderd gauges, parts of China. There are varying screw gauges, optical instruments measurement of power, extenso. standards of measures, weights, etc. Until something more scientimeters, and electrical instrumente, fic is in daily use there must be and summarising the results attain great waste of time and energy.ed, said: Catil, there is some definite atan- dard of length in China there must he great inefficiency in all. engineer. ing and constructional work.

curate measurement..

The Results,

What has the effect of those ino- dern methods of measurement and

the mass production which they have made possible?

eharacter-study. Trotter (Mr. J.. Grant Anderson) is responsible for

'Old Bill" most of the lighter touches in the and Old Bill brand of optimistn play and his jovial brought rears of laughter from a delighted audience. Mason (Mr. Ronald Paget) as the perky cockney batsman also added considerably to the mirth.. Id fact, every part in the play-and there are only ten characters, all men-is in the hands of painstaking actors who lose no" opportunity for emphasing the light and shade of human personality as

in the raw." During the three days and nights in the dug-out we see all the finest points of human nature, and some of the worst, all most skilfully pre-

seen

The establishment of the British standard of length, with the sub-

Man's primitive industry, the division of inches, was essential for any real engineering achievement, sowing and reaping of crops, has The basis of all modern applied been revolutionised in Europe and science work is the principle of a America, and in some parts of standard length, with Sne nad ac- Asia, by the introduction of ma Errors of chinery. The agricultural resour thousandths, ten-thousandths and ces of vast areas have been increas. in some cases even millionths, of aned by the manufacture of artifical

sented in a manner which compels inch, have to be revealed and fertiliser: The nitrogen of the air is now extracted by electrical me eliminated.

most vivid and touching play, pre- China is chaos itself. The trader has been placed on helds to in-sented by a company which in The state of the measures in thods, and with other elements, it sympathy Journey's End in a two crease production. Machines have every respect is well above the úscs as a matter of course measures, buying with a long or vastly increased and speeded up

last night gave the Salisbury Com- heavy measure, and selling with the output of the, land, with theerage standard. A crowded house short or light measure. The Gov. result that food is produced at a

pany a most cordial reception, and ernment seems to be powerless to cheaper rate and with much less there will be equally enthusiastic function in this matter The guildsweat and toil than a few years audiences at the subsequent per- make some effort to keep local ago. The food-stuffs are distriformances." It is a play not only to measures, accepted by themselves,buted by shipping, railways, etc., be seen, but to be remembered.

so that here in Hong Kong we ob uniform but their attempts are practically confined to secure open thin cur meat from Australia, our dealing between their own mem-vegetables from California and our hers. After much searching for in- fruits frem Manila, Singapore and formation the following details, col. Chefoo. leeted by Dr. H., B. Morse, concern- ing the state of affairs in 1912 are given as far as can be ascertain ed, much the sa e state of ran- fusion obtains to-

Chizes The unit of le the chib, commDOR

riis,

Those of us, trained engineers, who are working in the University, are doing our utmost to introduce these new notions about accuracy, efficiency, the value of time and the proper use of leisure into this great country called China. You, who are members of the Institu

also trained engineers; tion, are you, too, have the same ideas, the beliefs, the same delight

Machinery has provided us with literature accessible to millions. It has given to the family of the work man clothing, food and intellectual interests that were inaccessible to rulers in bygone ages. It has bridged the great gap between the in China is two social classes of the olden alled "foot." | days-aristocrats and serfs. It has same

in your work, because you It ensures accord to official created an almost entirely new statements, 14.1 English inches; class the professional class-which know that it i work in which that length is accepted by the Mari- includes the engineers, inventors any man may rightly take pride. We want to meet with you to dis time Customa service for the men and scientific research workers. In surement of cloth. It is so defined Britain it has abolished poverty; cuss our common interests; to tell man, and to hear our different exper- by treaty. Yet in Canton the car- in that country to-day no

iences; to help forward the develop- penter's foot is 13.8 inches and the woman or child need go hungry or

At without shelter.

inent of applied science work in tailor's foot is 14.8 inches.

the Far East. It is for that reason Shanghai the tailor's foot in 13.58 Every new method of measure. inches and the carpenter's foot is ment, every triumph of engineering that we wish to come to your meet ings, that we gladly welcome you 11.1 inches, while the official land skill, is the embodiment of some

to the University, Forebeyond all foot is 12.1 inches and the foot scientific idea. Experience

minor distinctions of our work, or ordinarily used for land transfers proved that all of the discoveri

of race, we are united in the great is 13.9 inches. At Soochow the of science, however, remote they tailor's foot in 1343 inches, but the may seem to be, at first sight, from purpose that has been defined in foot used to measure cloth there the practical affairs of the work the noble words of the founders of is 11.1 inches. At another town in shop, ultimately confer unforeseen the Institution of Civil Engineers- China it was discovered that, on and incalculable benefits, upon the purpose of stilising the forces the same building, the carpenters mankind. There is always a reef nature for the use and conveni- used a foot of 14 inches, the masons ciprocal action between science and ence of man. Let us therefore co- a foot of 13.6 inches and the tiles ita application to the practical operate in that great work, and so elsewhere; every improvement that When it is realised that, in is, made in methods of production foot may be anywhere between 8.6 scientific principles. The old ides inches and 27.8 inches, it will be raust give way to others that have realised that confusion is indeed been proved to be more efficient. confounded in all measurements. (Continued on next Colúmn.).

has

on the floor were measured by a work that is done in factories and foot of 11.1 inches.

די

polishes the Shoes China, the local standard of the furnishes the best illustration of abilities. Thus thall we make life

of the World

HUGSAT

HOUND THE WORLD BEÁLL MAS

do our share in advancing ideas about accuracy of measurement and the efficient use of a man's latent nobler by reducing the evils of effort, and ignorance, waited poverty in China and indeed in every part of the world,"

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