1930-04-01 — Page 3

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HUMAN SACRIFICE IN BURMA.

OFFERING TO SPIRITS.

WORK OF ABOLITION BY OFFICIAL.

Mr. J. T. O. Barnard, late Deputy Commissioner, Burma Frontier Ser- vice, in a lecture before the Central Asian Society recently described the measures for which he had executive responsibility to suppress slavery and human sacrifice in the "remote. Kachin country to the north of the administered areas of Upper Burma, Sir Harcourt Butler, by whom, as Governor of Burma, the work was tudertaken sad munly

carried out, was inthe chair.

Mr. Barnard stated that when

CURATE KILLED IN TUBE.

HATED IDEA OF LIVING ON

WIFE'S MONEY,

An inquest was held recently at the Rev. Edward Grifith Evans, of Holborn by Sir Walter Schrader on Albion-road, Stoke Newington, N. who was killed by a train at the British Museum Underground Sta Lion. Mr. Evans had been for three curate at St. Matthias Church, weeks before his death temporary Stoke Newington."

He was rector of Edburton, Sussex, from 1913 to 195.

GALLANT WOMAN DOCTOR.

-SURGERY IN COAL 'MINE AFTER EXPLOSION.

A young woman doctor played an

following the explosion at Lyme Pit, heroic part in the rescue efforts

Haydock, Lancashire, in which five miners were killed and 20 injured.

RESEARCH ON STEAM FLOW.

EIGHT

YEAR'S TASK CONCLUDED.

With the presentation of the sixth report of the Stenni Nozzles Re-

Engineers Club, Manchester, re- search Committee to the Institution

cently, a research which has ex- of Mechanical Engineers at the

tended over eight years was brought

and Dr. Winifred Bridge, descended

Dr. Arthur Dowling of Haydock, an end. the pit..

the Council of the Institution in The Committee was fornied by

DRY ECZEMA ON BABY'S FACE

Caused Great Disfigure-

ment. Cuticura Healed.

"When my baby was four months old nho had dry eczema on her face. It Arst amsted with a red rush and itched and | burned sõ that I had to mulls her hands to keep her from sasthing. It caused great disfigurement for a time and many

resticas night

"I read an advertisement for Cuticurs

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time she was completely nealed." (Signed) Mrs. E. Smith, il, Hope St., Madstone, Kent, Eng.

They worked unflinchingly for 1914 for the purpose of carrying hours to help those who had been out experimental work relating to reliel so I purchased more and in a short seriously burned.

"the action of steam passing The inquest was adjourned.«.

The fire which followed the exple through nozzles and steam, tor- The coroner said that he undersion endangered the lives of the bines. At that time, though much valuable work had been accomplish- stood there were a number of people rescue workers. on the platform. He did not feel justified in closing the inquest, patil an effort, had been made to find witnesses, He instructed that an appeal for witnesses should be

the Survey of India was carrying broadcast-and asked the Press to out a detailed survey in the Hassist Alm in the matter. kuang Valley few years ago, slaves and the relatives of the vic tims of human sacrifice appealed to the officers for protection. Sir Harcourt Butler's Government came to the conclusion that a state of affairs under which men and women

were seized and sacrificed in places a few days' march from a British railway could no longer be toler- ated.

هر

Fear of Spirits.

At a big manae held by Sir Hat court Butler in the Hukuang Valley on January 27, 1925, and attended by Kachin and Naga chiefs from far and near, it was agreed after much discussion that the slaves should be released, and their own- ers compensated. The Nagus de clared, however, that they, could never abandon the custom of human sacrifice, for if they did not propitiate the big nata, or spirits, with the blood of human beings, they would rain sickness on them and blight on their crops

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cerning the general phenomena of to cleanse. Ointment to heal, alcum nozzle flow, the available informa tion regarding the efficiencies of the curved type of nozzle used in general steam-turbine practice was not ar

After strenuous efforts, the fames by previous experiments con- were put out by a gang equipped with extinguishing apparatus.

One of the first members of the rescue brigade to go into the pit, glowing tribute to the woman doe a man named Harry Lea, paid a

tor.

I went down with Misa Bridge,' he said.

It was bad travelling for her,

The widow, who lives at Queen's road, Erling, W., said that her hus band was $8. He had held a living at Willingdon, Eastbourne, Fre-but she was splendid. viously but had to give it up be cause of ill-health. Recently he had As we got nearer to the scene lived in rooms in Albion-road, Stoke of the accident the fumes became Newington.

much stronger, but Dr. Bridge set up her surgery about a hundred yards from the spot. There she at tended to the men as they struggled to her."

In July, 1927, he had a serious accident, which forced him to give up his work at Edburton, because country work necessitated so much walking.

Sines 1913 he had complained of cracks in his head. He served from 1914 to 1919 in the war in France, South Africa and Mace donia.

Recently he had worried about his health, but one day he rang up to arrange to go to the Italian art ex- hibition..

1.

complete or reliable as could be desired, and, it was hoped that in- vestigations in this feld would yieldi results of interest and value.

Straight ». Curved Nozzlea.. The observed difference between the results obtained with straight and curved nozzles," the Committee reported, "suggested that an in- crease in the radius of curvature of curved-axis. Lozzles might tical an improvement. Two impulse nozzles

have accordingly been used with a Dr. Bridge on her Experiences.

radius of curvature almost double that of the nozzles first tested. Dr. Bridge is the assistant to Dr. These large-radius nozzles have niso Watkinson, the colliery doctor, who been used, to determine whether was away. She was taking his place there is any advantage in rounding at the cottage hospital attending the entrance of impulse nozzles, and to the injured men when a call for a series of tests with steam at came for doctors to go down the pits With her was Dr. Dowling, usually employed in the tests

a much higher temperature than

who is the medical officer for the Lancashire and Cheshire Miners Federation.

nozzle (said the Committee later The efficiency of a curved

in summary of the work done) Dr. Bridge without besitating moment went down with Dr. Dowl-value of the radius of curvature of is(also) descndent upon the ing.

the mean path of the steam; the They spent two hours ministering effect of increasing the radius boing to the injured before returning to to raise the efficiency over the the hospital to carry on their work range of speel which would normal. there. Dr. Bridge said:-

amount of the improvement is not ly be employed in such nozzles. The

factors, being least for a large-angle constant, but depends on other long throat nazzle and greatest with short throat length and small die-

Worried About Money. When he had to give up his living," Mrs. Evans said, he was very worried because he was afraid he would not be able to support. himself. I had moner, but he hated the idea of living on my money."

Mr. Alfred, Dixon, Mr. Evana's landlord, said that when Mr. Evans would be sent to inquire into all ed very depressed. He complained" It was a difficult journey along arrived at Stoke Newington he seem, these matters, but that human sacrifice would have to cease once and for all.

They were told that an

officer

Mr. Barnard then gave details of

The journey down in the cage was certainly little trying. the galleries for one who is not The Rev. Ernest Driver, vicar of used to it. We were bent double

of not sleeping well,

St. Matthias, Stoke Newington, in places and my clothes hampered charge angle. In the nozzles test-

the expeditions be conducted, both said Mr. Evans had been his friend me in climbing over the debris and ed, which had cast-indivisioni

in the Valley and in the Trimgle, to carry out the release of the slaves and to bring human sacrifice

or more than 20 years. On the day of the tragedy he was due to take a meeting in the afternoon, and in the morning he appeared quite normal.

"

broken boxes which were acattered about,

We gave morphia injections to injured men to case their pain they were carried back along the threatened to take his life?

The Coroner: Had he ever the tortuous galleries to the cage.?

Dr. Bridge,, whose name is at had not been dawn & uit before.

"She was wonderful," said Dr. Dowling.

plates of uniform thickness, the efficient brought about by doubling average increase in velocity" co- the radius of curvature of the plates was a little css than 1 per cent.

to an end. He stated that the fotal number of slaves released an a result of the action taken by the Government of Burma' was 8,853, Mr. Driver: He was a most Ashton-in-Makerfield, near Wigan, concluded the report," may now bel

and the total cost of redemption was approximately 237,000.

Released Slaves. ·

The question of the occupation or administration in some form of the Hukunny and the Triangle was under consideration, Meanwhile both these areas were visited yearly by expeditions attending to the welfare of the released alaves and seeing them atarted in life..

The latest reports regarding the condition of thead peoples were quite satisfactory. But it was only by some form of administration that the released slaves could be really cared for and peace and order kept aBoug these turbulent people. Expeditions were expen sive, and the work achieved by them was limited.

saintly man a wonderful man, the very last man to make any plans for self murder.

Recently, Mr. Driver said, Mr. Evans had been feeling disappont meat and worry that he was not doing things as he should have done them.

|

Dr. Bridge is a fine athletic girl, and she kept her head. We found some of the dead lying in the gallerics, and their bodies were taken to the surface by their com- rades.

Objects of Inquiry Attained.

The objects of the inquiry," said to have been attained, und much supplementary work. has been undertaken in extension of the original programme of experiments. These tests of ateam-nozzle eficiency have demonstrated the utility and reliability of the impulse method of testing, and have shown that, by its use, results of practical value in the design of stenm curbines may

Bandage Round His Eyes.

"We did what we could with the Mr. Leonard F.. Jarrett, station master at the British Museum injured and they were carried Station, said that when the body through the workings to the shaft be obtained. there was a bandage of some flannel was removed from under the train on stretchers." substance, about five inches wide,

over the eyes...

looked like the scarf Mr. Evans

Mr. Driver said that this bandage speak too highly of her." usually wore round his neck. He was wearing a scarf on the morning

of his ilenth.

Me Barnard described a journey possible that the movement of the The coroner said that it was quite made in 1928 to visit the Nagas, who train put the scarf round Mr. Evans' practised human sacrifice, and cross head. the Patkai rango into Ansam. He saw the stocks, both for the feat

Medical evidence was that there and the hands of the prospective

were no signs of electrocution. The victims. He saw skulls and chin cause of death was shock, due to bones hanging up in houses. The multiple injuries." sacrifice began with great feasting and drinking, when the doomed man was given all he wanted in the way of food and drink.

Bag for Quick Killing

age or nex.

JONAH AND THE WHALE.

EXPLORER BELIEVES IT TO BE TRUE.

He used to beg for quick killing and got it, but if obstreperous be A spirited defence of the literal was knocked into insensibility, truth of the story of Jonah and the care being taken, however, not to Whale (recently discussed at St. render the offering unacceptable by John's Cathedral) appears in a fracturing the skull. Intermedi- London paper. Mr. Herbert G. aries bought the victims from Naga Ponting, the well-known traveller, villages farther west and re-sold writes:- them in the sacrificing area, where Some of the earlier parts of the sometimes as much as Rs. 200 or Bible may he legend, but Jonah Rs. 400 (30) was paid for one, lived in the days of Jeroboam, Sacrifices were made irrespective of about 3,000 years ago, and the Pro- phet's adventure with the Whale The proposal made by the Nagus occurred on a journey by sen fran that the Government should supply Joppa to Tarshish only 1,000 years the victims and hold one big final before the Christian Era... sacrifice for propitiating the nats New Testament Reference. and abolishing the custom gave some idea of the scant value of the Bible. n the Book of Jonah, It is not only fully recounted in human life in the eyes of these but it was referred to by the savages. He was happy to be able Saviour when He preached to the to state, on the authority of the Pharisees at Capernaum; "For as. latest reports he had seen, that the Jonah was three days and three custom had now practically ceased nights in the whale's belly, so shall both on the Upper Chindwin side the Son of Man be three days and and on the Myitkyina side.

three nights in the heart of the. earth." (St. Matthew, xii, 40.).

As every marine biologist knows, it would have been perfectly pos sible for a sperm whale to have swallowed Jonah down its caver- nous throat without even noticing

Mr. Barnard's Work, The chairman said that it was mainly owing to, the great influence of Mr. Barnard with the tribes that the release of the slaves, was effect ed without very much difficulty, such a morsel, for these Kroat considering the great economic up

toothed whales feed on the gigan- heavel which auch an operation | tie squids and octopods which live entailed. He could assure them in the depths of the ocean, and can that no act of his official career swallow colossal masses of flesh. filled him in retrospect with ac Moreover, it is more than likely insch satisfaction as being instru- that sperm whales, which are now inental in giving life and freedom rapidly becoming extinct; lived in and bope to so many of his un Mediterranean waters 3,000 years fortunate fellowmen.

ago.

The Committee has seen with Dr. Bridge was a very gallant growing satisfaction, the adoption depths of the pit, and I cannot this country and elsewhere, of the woman. She worked, hard in the by many turbine, manufacturers, in

type of apparatus, which was first An official statement by the developed for use in these experi owners of the pit, Messrs. Richardments, and hopes to see a continua Evans, said an explosion of fretion of the work carried on by these. damp followed a shot fired in the investigators, by the further testing Wigan four-foot mine,

of individual types of nozzles, with a view to the development of yet more perfect forms than those which. are now in ¤se.”

Although during the day 400 men are employed at the colliery only 45 miners were in the pit at the time.

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