1927-09-13 — Page 3

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THE HONG KONG DAILY PRESS, TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 13th, 1927.

GERMANY'S INTENSIVE` AGRICULTURAL

POLICY.

TO IMPROVE THE TRADE BALANCE.

POSSIBLE INDEPENDENCE OF FOREIGN FOODSTUFFS.

Germany, by intensive agricultural development, is seeking tra berdute, îndegiendent of foreign jaadstuffs, Iṭ the country can feed itself the adverse balance "af trode, ein be completely "corrected, says, an article in the "Financial Times" by Mr. C.

¡. Murrison, N

Auyone venturing nowadays to'l cotanient in Germany on the ap- parent prosperity of the country is suspected of trying to make out a case for the feasibility of the Dawes Plan. Immediately he finds every- ene on the defensive, and the past eloquent argument used against hi is the figures about Germany's foreign trade. Everyone knows that reparations can only be paid out of the surplus of export over im- port.

This was the first year since the was, however, that the harvests hd been high enough to assure this. Naturally, the 3.60 milliards marks total worth of food imported by Germany consists of various other things, such as ment, tggs, butter, bacon, fish and poultry. It would lead so far to show here that there are also quite feasible possibilities of producing caugh of these feod stuffa also on Cuman roil..

WHY GERMANY LOST THE MARNE,

MOLTKE AND, OTHERS SICE MEN.

INGENIULS SWISS EXPLANA TION.

BERLIN

Everyone knows the theories that Napoleon failed to win Borodino because he had a cold, and lost. Waterloo beenuse he had . Et. The Germans have eagerly clutched at a similar pathological explanation of their defens at the Marne, pro- pounded by a Swiss officer, Lieut.- Colonel Bircher; and his conclu- sions are now furnished with cor- roborative detail by ex-Staff Sur- geon-General Rocha in an article

tive Deutsche Wochenschrift.

Medizinische

has its

This theory ascribes the German failure on the Marne to the mort bidity of four chronic invalids Moltke, Buelow, Lauenstein, and Hentsch-all of whom have since Whether Germany will succeed succumbed to their ailments. De Had Germany still, as before the within a short space of time in mortuis nil nisi bonum war, vast sums invested abroad, the feeding herself, and thereby solving counterpoise ia." Les absents ont dividends and interest each yeative balance of trade, depends en

be pressing problem of the nega. soujours tort.

Moltke is described as a pee- would provide corresponding

'in-/ visible

in Germany's rely upon whether to put it tical, nebulous, sentimental soul," exports faveur. But all pf, these foreign plainly farming can be made to with a decided fendency to mys

ticism. "Wallenstein," we investments were confiscated. Here! Pay especially in the case of the toll." was under the influence of

Are

He entered

un-

smail man. At the present time, the figures about foreign trade tot is extremely difficult for most his Seni (ar Italian astrologer), day indicate anore nearly than formerly the true state of Ger-small farmers in Germany to make and Moltke was under that of

enda meet. As long as this remains phantasmagorina like Radi many's balance of payments for

so, it will be impracticable to carry Steiner," The world war caught eign countries,

out any of the proposed schemes Moltke at Carlsbad, where he was. Now, since 1st January, 1927, { Germany's total imports were valu- for the colonisation and fertilisa vainly seeking relief from arterio tion of moorlands. But whether selerosis, which carried him off a ed nt 1,500 million

marks-farming, can be made to pay for few months later. £75,000,000-more than the exports the small man is a matter which upon his stupendous and Quite apart from the question of the German Chemical Trust claims precedented tusk crippled by Reparations, this deficit involves it has to all intents and purposes of the heart and inflammation of chronic degeneration of the muscles serious problem. Germany has

sclved at least technically. horrowed abroad very heavily in

the cardiac valves. A really sick the last few years," and the pay

The Use Of Fertilisers.

man, he dallied nearly 900” miles ment of interest instalment End] The soil in Germany is for the behind the frent, where he let the amortization has to be effected. most part very unpromising. Pre-moment for vigorous decision slip This problem has broughs Ger-ductivity depends essentially on by while bis adversary, Joffre, to- agriculture right into the the right use of fertilisers. Hence gether with his staff, had his head- foreground of consideration. Gerone reason why the manufacturer quarters with the fighting army. many imports every yent over 3,000 of fixed atmospheric nitrogen has milion marks' worth of foodstuffs been pashed on with such tireless From abroad. At the present enterprise The Germans, monthly rate of trade deficit, the describe this development, have yearly import of food is almost coined the prhase bread from the exactly equal to the total trade de-air fit for the year. In other words, if Germany could suddenly stop Importing all food, and everything else remained as at present, there would be no trade deficit.

[112

It is, however, seriously contend ed by many experts that there is no inherent reason why this should not actually occur. All the food Germany needs might, they claim, be produced on German soil. At the 6fty seventh annual conference of the German Agricultural Coun sit, held last month in Stettin, and Attended by Dr. Schiele, Minister for Agriculture, means by which this can be brought about were dis- cussed at length.

Industrialists' Support. These proposals received support from quite an unexpected quarter At the last annual meeting of the German Iron and Steel Indus

trialists varions speakers opened

their speeches by emphasising the opinion that agriculture was en titled to the same public interest, and attention that industry claim ed and got

Another political aspect of the matter is that, in the event of an- other war in Europe-even one in which Germany remains neutral Germany must be able to feed it- self without antside assistance.

to

Someone said recently, Bread is not only grown on the open fields nowadays, but also in the Leuna works."

from

that no

Stomach Ache..

The next link in this hypothetical chain of disaster is Lieut. Colonel Hentsch, Moltke's man of con idence," who was sent to the front with almost unlimited authority to interfere with the tactical arrange ments there. In the spring of that Hence, again, the reason why the year, we learn, he had often sat at I. G. Farbenindustrie bought HP Berlin with legs, crossed and his desk in the General Staff at the Piesteritz hydro-electric works

where nitrogen fixation costs too arms pressed against his aching much-and converted them for abdomen, and had given orders making phosphoric acid

one was to be admitted. Thems iceal from the blast since he was once plagued by one furnacea of German steel works. of his frequent attacks of biliary Hence the friendly approach cotic.

Though an industriour, towards the Potash Tiut, in order highly cultured, and readywitted that a common policy might be bilics subject," and his tem officer, he was undoubtedly, a povolved for supplying farmers with

mixtures of nitrogen, potash and Parament was

fundamentally phosphorus in the ideal proper- pessimistic." tions, The result was Nitro-Von Buelow And His Chief-of-Staff. Hentsch's fateful mission took How thorough the plans of the him on the evening of September I. G. Farbenindustrie must be may sth to Von Buelow. The comman gauged from the fact that the der of the Second Army had ad Trust has number of experimen-mittedly been one of the ablest tal farms for the breeding of prize officers in Germany, but he, too. seed. At the foot of the Harz sufferd from arterio-sclerosis, and. mountains are also a number of his premature ageing had al- the plan being by continuous selee Among other senile symptoms from concerns engaged in the same work, ready attracted general attention."! tion and judicious plant breeding which he suffered was extreme deaf- ness, and this, says Rocha, made him more or less suspicious. At a critical juncture he could sce

phoska,"

acre.

If therto these two great producto evolve seed sorts that will tend ing classes have lived in bitter has to produce the maximum crop per

ility, and in the struggle agricu Finally, research is being con-nothing but a threatening gap in ture has usually suffered. Now, centrated on the production of new his right Bank."" however, it is recognised that, to machinery, such as farm tractors When Hentsch reached the head- revive the consuming capacity of and transport lorries, windmillsquarters of the Sezond Army, Buc. the home market for industrial for making electrical current and low's Chief of Staff, Lauenstein, products, it is imperative to re-

devices for crop drying, so that Vitalise agriculture.

was actually ill in bed, and only loases through wet weather may be through stimulante was it possible averted. It is to the success of for him to overcome his sharp heart. these various efforts that Germany attacks." From his captaincy days has suceeded in recovering 10 Lauenetain had

suffered from rapidly in the production of home- Graves's disease, which had mani- grown foodstuffs.

fested itself mainly in disorders of Nothing more than a beginning

This ailment Just as Holland, and even Den has been made, however. One of cardiac tukes.

had been considerably aggravated mark, suffered great shortage of the thief obstacles to rapid success by the excitements and exertions food during the world war owing is the difficulty of financing the of the campaign" and "disposed to the blockade, the same thing farmer. Money is at present too him to pessimism,". might easily happen again, to an dear. The farmer needs to borrow" precise fulfilment of his respon- unprepared Germany.

That Germany really might feed for long terms till his harvest is sible functions was quite cut of the

told. The depreciation of the cur- horself at no very distant date is rency soon after the war swallowed question. now frequently asserted; and re-up all working capital cently Graf Kalkreuth, President

1977 the most

so that the

With these two," concludes

Rocks, Hentsch, the bilious of the Reichslandound German for his crops, during that period, retreat."

As soon as the farmer was paid pessimist, decided on the unhappy Land League supported this state he was forced to spend the pro ment with definite and convincing cerda, mestly on luxuries, because systemowe their chief economy to Sgures. He pointed out that in the money depreciated immediately the saving of labour: Hence one recent year for in his, hand. But after the mark cause of the increase of unemploy- which statistics are complete-Ger was stabilised the depreciated meat. It is true that a great pro- many's production of rye and wheat together was 114.31 million mortgages were revalorised to the portion of these unemployed indus- amount of per cent, and consti- trial workers cannot be transfer- double-centners (dz). (10 dzs equalute now a crushing burden. The red at once to the land, but, at one ton). Deducting the amount lending class had, however, lost 75 any rate, young people now grow- reserved for seed, the German- per cent. of their capital, and that ing up can be induced to learn grown bread grain amounted to is the working capital that is still farming instead if work in the

13.33 da. Taking the population missing. Until quite recently towns is not available. of Germany as 63.50 millions, she money was 80 enormously dear amount per head works out at that no farmer could afford to bot 176.2 kilogramHA.

Production of Grain,

row.

Financing The Farmer. Before the war, the consumption It is true that, by means of issu- of bread per head was 167.1 kilo-ing "gold mark bonds, considerable

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DEAD MAN - RECOGNISED. "BY FINGER-PRINTS:

The unknown man who was seen

Lastly, the Government is forced to consider the advisability of giv ing the German farmer higher Cus- toms tarifi protection. This is one of the oldest bones of contention in German politics. The Socialists. grams. Since it may be assumed sums have been raised at modernte stick to the duty-free Cheap So that no more bread per head is rates of interest, but more generous food" slogan. The Nationalists caten to-day than before the war, support from the Government, by wave the "war peril" hanner, gose "to Minehead this year that to leap from Waterloo Bridge was. the little Somerset. seaside resort i at the inquest at Westminster the production of grain in 1925-6 which interest might be reduced to Industrialists want cheap food so was already above the needs of the about 4 per cent is necessary and that wages may be kept low, but is facing a serious water shortage. Coroner's Court, population.

haa already tentatively

In order that the supply shall be George Oliver, aged 40, been recently it has begun to be clear The reason why so much grain promised.

them that a great many foreign conserved, had still to be imported is that One thing that makes it easy for markets will remain shut against popular taste has changed since the any German Government to give German imporis, so that German war, and white bread is preferred |netive help is the effect that stimu industry must turn its attention to to black, so that no less than 17.82 lated production has on unemploy reviving the buying power of the million is of wheat flour were im- ment, which costs the Government home market, and must consider forbidden. ported, while rye and rye-flour was vast sums every year. It farming agreeing to the protection of the being exported, and a great deal is made to pay and production is farmer agains: foreign competi even being used for feeding pigs increased moze hands will be need- tion. and cattle. But, by returning toed on the land.

It seems as if the upshot of the the use of black bread in time of All recent processes of industrial attempt to put the Dawes Plan

The Council decided to appoint emergency, Germany might be able, rationalisation of the last year or into execution will be that Ger- on present production, to feed the two-for instance, the mass produc- many in the end will convert itself a full-time waste-water inspector, entire population, as far as grain tion of motor-cars by the serial into an entirely self-fed and self- and to give him power to enter pre- is concerned,

“(Continued on next Columas) contained national urît

the town's solitary steam roller has been placed on the retired list," and is confined to its depot, while the use of hoses on gardens and motorcars has been The surveyor told the members of the Council that if the present rate of consumption was maintain- ed, in three weeks they would be

"out of stock,

di

identified да

Detective-Sergeant Acres, of "the" Criminal Records Department, Scotland Yard, said that he re-

as an old convict who was released coguised Oliver by his finger prints from Parkhurst Prison on July 20th, after serving a sentence of penal servitude for housebreaking. He had many aliases and had twelve

convictions.

The medical evidence showed that death was due to drowning, and the coroner recorded a verdict of Smicide While of Unsound „Mind..