1926-12-14 — Page 8

THE METHODS OF MUSSOLINI.

PRESENT CONDITIONS IN ENGLAND AND ITALY

CONTRASTED.

WILL FASCISM ENDURE?

[BY A. A B.]

THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, TUESDAY, DECEMBER 1418, 1926.

It is an ominous portent for twentieth-farms and voices in crushing opposition, century democracy that government by and proclaiming the gospel of Fascism.

Here we have a clear negation of can- numbers is not only discredited by the

stitutional government, Resulta, abound. best minds in all countries, but is actual- ing prosperity, and next to no unen- ployment. This is the "forcible suppres ly discarded as unworkable in many.

The countries of Southern Europe, notion of the minority by the majority. only the Latins but the Greeks, have been In England the Prime Minister says be the first to throw off the yoke. In Spain, can do nothing and does it. In Italy il Duce says he can do everything and Italy, and Greece a dictatorship has superseded parliaments. In France the does it. representative system is so incorrigibly unstable that it is trembling on the razor- edge of failure. In our, Australian Do- inion the use of the referendum with its negative results is a practical "con- fession of failure. The triumph of de mocracy is usually located in the United States. But a country where the execu tive power is vested in a magistracy irre sponsible to the legislature. and with absolute power, except in the matter of treaties, for its period of office, may be many things, but is certainly not a democracy.

The outward success of Fascism must not blind us to its penetrative invasion of individual liberty.

According to Signor Mussolini's ne count of the fourth year of Fascism, its syndicaliam or Fascistisation is as com plete a system of State discipline as say exercited by the later Roman Emperors. Although there are only 1,000,000 citizens Folding the Fascist ticket, and 3,000,000 enrolled in other party organisations, Signor Mussolini calculates that 20,000,000 citizens are now controlled by the State.

Consolidation of Power,

The supremacy of the proletariat, so

The Podestà, a central authority, has far as the words go, should mean rulers chosen by the gases. The replacement been established in all the communes of of an autocratic Taar by a bundle of the kingdom, and has practically abolish- Soviets has turned out to be the ruthlessed the elective system of local govern- rule of a gang of murderers and thieves,

ment, which has now passed into the party hands. The reorganisation of the Civil Services; the development of the Militia under Mussolini's command, and dependent organisations for children and adolescents, complete the consolidation of power in the hands of the Dictator.

Mr. Baldwin and Signor Mussolini. But surely in England. where the Mother of Parliaments sits smiling & little fatnously, representative govern ment has been a success Has been, yes; but is it any longer the model and envy

Let us turn to the other side of the of the world! The masses, that is the shield: Fascist trade unions boycott well-disposed majority, regard the House workmen who refuse to join with bar- of Commons with good-natured indiffer-barous ferocity. The secretary of the enco The newspapers. compress the re-

Fascio of Molinella, in the province of "ports of the debates; if they reported Ferrara, called a meeting of the local them fully nobody would read them landlords in order that they should evict Nothing kills more surely than neglect. all families who had not yet joined the The evil-disposed minority, small but Fascist trade union. Notices to quit growing, openly avow their hostility to were given to some 234 families, and the representative institutions, and their in-

evictions are being carried out. About! tention to supersede them either by trade sixty families living in houses belonging unions, or some form of anarchic

to the Commune have also received despotiam.

notice to quit. These unhappy people, Contrast the methods of Mr. Baldwin, mostly agricultural labourers, had some the Minister of democracy, and Signor of them chtained work in other parts Mussolini, the child and champion of Italy, but they were pursued by the Fascism. Both leaders are faced with a Fasisti, and the farmers who had em- similar, if not identical, problem-name-ployed them were forced to dismiss them. ly, how to deal with trade unions that refuse to do national and necessary work, and thus hold the State to ransom. Mr. Baldwin, surrounded by Cabinet of clever and patriotic men, and backed by a parliamentary majority of 200, first of all subsidises an industry to the tune of $3 millions out of the pockets of the taxpayers; then appoints a Royal Com- mission to find a policy; then passes two Acts of Parliament, one to implement the Endings of the Commission as to re- organisation, the ather to allow the miners, if they wish, to work eight hours a day: then asks miners and mincowners to accept his Acts and get to work; and finally after six months of industrial paralysis and a loss of hundreds of millions of pounds by the community, sits down with a shrug and a sigh and "BATS he can do nothing more.

Be it observed that the holding up of the nation for half a year is performed by a. Communist agitator, a humble disciple of Lenin, who represents single industry whose opinion has never beer sscertained by ballot. Is not Mr. Baldwin's attitude a confession of the impotence of democratic government ↑

A iew of them applied for passports in the hope of getting work in France or elsewhere, but then applications were refused,

Passports for those who wish to spend their holidays abroad are likewise re fused; the censorship of the Press is a little less strict than it was, but political opponents are grossly intimidated.

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PRINCE OF WALES'S MEMORY FOR FACES. ·

INCIDENT AT POPPY FACTORY.

FOUR EXPRESS AND TWO SLOW TWO DISABLED MEN RECOGNISED,

LANES.

Personal Character of Mussolini, Very little can be known in England of the real personality of Il Duce. Judging from his speeches, Signor Mussolini has that strong vein of charlatanism which is necessary in all leaders of the ma3508 Signor Mussolini cannot be so ignorant as to think that the Italiana of to-day are racially or ethically connected with

The New York municipality has de- the Romans of the Antonizes or Diocle- tian. In fact, the modern Italian has cided to construct, at a cost of £3,000,000, a much to do with the Roman of Cicero's a great elevated highway, four miles long time as the Greece of Venizelos has to do and sixty-five feet broad, for the relief with the Athens of Pericles. The dis-of existing traffic congestion. appearance of the Greeks who laughed The new highway is to run from the with Aristophanes and argued with Socrates is one of the mysteries of his tory. Gibbon has told us of the sub

mersion of the old Romans. It is, there fore, mere rhetoric for Mussolini to talk Shocking-and Successful,

about the conquest of Carthage, and Signor Mussolini's method is shocking Roine's supremacy of the sea. It is quite (ta democrats), simple, and successful legitimate bunkum, but it is bunkum He finds trade unions seizing factories all the same.

Suppose Mussolini to be removed, and workshops, throwing a superinten

Fasciam continue Cromwell dent into the furnace, and stopping the would national industry. He says to them, If lasted for ten years, and the two you don't get out, and start working Napoleons for twenty years each. I can again, you will be shot, or imprisoned, see no reason why Fascism should sur- and, marvellous to relate, the anarchical vive its creator. It is quite true that trade uniens do get out, turn Fascists, Mussolini would long ago have silenced and work with a will. He closes the Messrs. Cook and Smith; but are Eng- palaver shop, called parliament, and sus lishmen prepared to depose Mr. Baldwin pends newspapers that oppose him. All in order to confer absolute power on this Mussolini does by persuading the Mr. Lloyd George or Mr. Churchill majority of the people to lend him their A. A. B. in the Evening Standard

RELATIVES AND WAR MEDALS.

WEARING ALLOWED BUT NO LONGER ENCOURAGED.

OPEN TO ABUSE, Considerable discussion was aroused shortly before November 11th by a re- quest made by the Home Office that people holding war medals awarded to dead relatives, should refrain from wear ing them on Armistice Day.

Up till last year relatives of men who fell in the war wore such decorations at

the express request of the Home Office on behalf of the King.

"Obvious Beasons."

The first indication of the Home Office change of view, was contained in a letter by Mr. H. R. Boyd, an official of the Department, to Mr. J. Wilman, of Whitstable, who bad written to ask il the request for wearing of medals held good again this year.

Open to Abugs.

The view taken by the Home Secretary was that the request to wear medals was made several years ago, when the feeling aver Armistice Day wa zaore intense. than now, and that now the war has been aver for eight years, it is time that a practice which is open to abuse should no longer be encouraged.

"The wearing of Army decorations by unauthorised persons is forbidden under the Army Act," Mr. Boyd pointed out, and the fine for persons discovered illegally decorations wearing auch amounts to £20.

A guard of honour of disabledém- ployees of the British Legion Poppy Factory in their wheel chairs was pro- vided for the Prince of Wales when he November 10th, to lay the foundation- arrived at Petersham-road, Richmond, on stone of two blocks of 12 flats for the

be completed next spring-st Canal-street | opening of the new vehicular tunnel-temen and their families. along the Hudson River bore to 72nd and to two he remarked: "It is quite

street.

According to the approved plans, it is to be constructed, at a height of 20 feet ahora 11th-avenue, of steel covered with cement, in a design which is described as Its breadth will simple but graceful enable six lines of traffic-three in each York at express speed. direction to move in and out of New

The Prince shook hands with each man,

while since we last mét."

The Prince, with his remarkable these men two years ago at the old fac memory for faces, recalled that he met tory in Old Kent-road.

4,030 Flowers a Day. ́. From Mr. Charrettie, who has lost a casket containing a number of Flanders leg and an arm, the Prince received a Poppies, a badge of the British Legion, and the annual report for 1926, which he A man, he said, had to make up 4,000 laid beneath the foundation-stone. of the cheap poppies in a day.

The Prince said: "I know the splendid ing work for 194 disabled ex-Service men. confronted with. work that this factory is doing in provid The problems we are

Four of these lines will be reserved for motor-cars and lorries travelling at 30 miles an hour and more. Slower vehicles

"All crous traffic is to be eliminated will occupy the two outside lines.

At regular intervals huge ramps will! provide means for entering and leaving It is estimated that each of the four the test express elevated road. lancs devoted to express traffic will acto-day in this country are bossing and commodate a thousand vehicles an hour unemployment, and I realise that these Faad the lower lanes, about 300. Five difficulties are especially hard for disabled

thousand cars, or twice the present capacity of ath-avenue, will thus be able to move hourly, in and out of New York

BRITAIN'S CAR CAPACITY.

on the work you I congratulate you on have done in the past year I hope the ndancial result of Poppy Day this year will be better than ever.

I happen to have been bora not very far away from here, and I trost all who grow up in these flatz will become worthy citizens of Richmond" -

Cheering Girls.

ROOM FOR 255,000 MORE.

Between November 11th, 1995, and the There is room for a further 255,000 motor-cars in Britain before saturation | same date this year over 18,500,000 pop-| point is reached.

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pies, over 5,000 wreaths, and 60,000 pAYS HONG KONG METEOROLOGICAL This is the view of the "Motor In- for table decoration have been produced dustry of Great Britain," the first issue at the factory. Here also any kind of of an annual publication by the Society artificial flower can be made in a separ÷. "The fact that, the Government have of Motor Manufacturers and Traders, ate department.

As the Prince left the grounds he was Limited: overridden this regulation in past years, owing to the sentiment attached to At present the consumption of cars cheered by a number of college girls, to Armistice Day, does not mean that the is 580,000, and the estimate of 255,000 whom he raised his hat and smiled. practice should continue indefinitely. It more car's is based on the incomes of the Afterwards he spent a few minutes at is open to abuse, for one thing; if the people. This number sould be increased the club of the Richmond branch of the Bacometer wearing of medals were limited to cars were cheaper and trade were British Legion. widows whose husbands fell in the war,

better

or to the mothers whose sons died similar In 1811 there were 47,000 cars-25,000 we should have nothing to say, but commercial vehicles and 28,318 hackney there would be nothing to prevent a carriages. In 1925 there were 580,000 cousin six times removed from awagger-232,000.commercial and 98,000 carriages.

In 1907, when the total production of ears and commercial vehicles was 19,000, there were about 84,000 persons employed in their manufacture.

production was 163,000 Last year the moment hire was

(Continued at foot of next column.)

Mr. Boyd, in his reply, wrote that ing about with someone else's medals as "for obvious reasons it was no longer though he alone had won the war." the desire of the Home Office that re- latives should wear war medala No Oficial Order.

Following the many protests which this The Home Office, it is pointed out, attitude brought forth, the Home Office simply refrained from repeating its ro stated wearing of decorations had not quest of former years that agedals should, 250,000,00

be worn by relatives. been actually forbidden

The annual wages bill has risen, from £7,500,000 before the war to £40,000,000 at present.

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"67 One remarkable fact which the review Highest open-air Taperature on 12th ... 67 of the industry shows is that although Lowest open-air Temperature on 1343 engineering materials cost from 30 to

B-Blue sky; C-Cloudy, D-Drizzle; 20 per cent. more than before the war, and rages are, or to 97 per cent higher, F. Fog Lightning Mist; the prices of the efficient modern cars are Overcast; E-Faasing showers;Q=

Equalls; B-Rain; T-h inder considerably less now than in 1914.

THERE'S A LONG, LONG TRAIL

Bugs, Fless, Flies, Beetles, Mosquitocs,

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all killed

(61

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