1924-11-14 — Page 2

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THE "HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 14, 1924

ទ

406

BRITISH IMPERIALISM IN CHINA.

LIBERAL. TENDENCY, “

Communista mistakenly represent the Canton Government as a proletarian, gor- BERTRAND RUSSELL'S ARTICLE,

erament, engaged in the class war. The following is the much-discussedThis view is altogether un-Chinese. article

innly an infinitesimal minority of the British Imperialism on China" which Mr. Bertrand Russell con population of China is employed in modern industrial undertakings, and tributed to the Yew Leader (London) of

Chinese questions are therefore not such WITH September 19th:--

na Communists are in the "gabit of cou British policy in China illustrates some of the difficulties of constitutional lering. The outlook of Sun Yat Sen opposed to revolutionary Socialism.and his Government is more analogous to that of our Liberal of forty years ago, I make no doubt that not a single mem. He would like to diminish abject poverty, ber of the present Government has the least idea of what is being done by British officials in China, for China is considered tion: unimportant, since its population is only about the same as that of Europe. It is impossible for any one in Ealgand, even the Prime Minister, to know the truth about any event in China until, six weeks after it bas happened. The telegraphic agencies, and the British diplomatic and consular. representatives. transmit such news as they think good for us, not with- out a certain economy of truth. It is truth that the Russians have established their own telegraphic agencies, which give opposite propaganda, equally indifferent to fact.

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but does not aim at an economic revolu His chief crime, in "British eyes, is that he wishes to retain what is left of Chinese independence. The Hongkong and Shanghai Bank. which decides what shall be thought about Chinese questions by English people (whether Labour Min

stert or not), naturally wishes to con- trol as much as possible of the railways and mines of China. Sun Yat Sen bas the support of practically all the genuine public spirited Chinese, and if he were to succeed China might be in a position to resist foreign aggression. In the past 58ssion was by force of arms; now it is mainly by corruption. The success of this method demands the exclusion of honest men from positions of importance, and Sun Yat Sen is an honest man.

The fighting which is going on in the Many warlords contend for inastery in freighbourhood of Shanghai 1s of little immediato importance. It is part of the. China; each governs in some province or struggle between Wu Pei Fu and Chang group of provinces, and seeks to extend Teo Lib. which has been going on for

Chinese years.

battles are seldom the area of his authority. They are

bloody, and wars are waged with Ettle merely ambitious men, despised by all effect on the general population. Even decent Chinese, but their rivalries are the Times, never too friendly to China, convenient to the Powers They give remarks that the fighting leaves time and energy for movements of a Tery for interference la Chinese different kind. Commerce and agricul affairs, and they afford opportunities for turo persist. Nothing seems to stop the

Browth.

of the remarkable educational extorting concessious in return for sup movement in thion, which is now being port, All the Powers play" this game. The Japanese have the most skill. but since the Washington Conference and the earthquake they have suffered a check.

excuses

THE GAME OF THE POWERS.

of

to the poorest villages by means

a simplified script. (September 11th). In the same issue, however, the Times points out with approval how, an der Western influences, war is beginuing to become as serious as in Europe. The pet of the British and Americans in Gen- China is the so-called "Christian " erat, Feng Yu Hsiang, whose army, the Tillier states, is out and away the best in China, and his 10,000 troops, who are not afraid to come to close quarters and Provincial troops, which in general are use the bayonet, would walk through any disinclined for anything but long-range fighting." This, apparently, is Christianity is understood to mean in China; military discipline and the bay.

what

There is one exception, and only one, to the rule that the Chinese war-lords are merely ambitious brigands. That ex ception is Sun Yat Sen, who holds power in Canton. He is a veteran leader of Chinese Radicalism, the pioneer of Re- publicanism. He led the revolution of 1911, which overthrew the Emperor, and decreed a parliamentary régime. But he stood aside after the revolution had EUC-

There is one very simple question which ceeded, in the hope of preventing civil one would have hoped to see satisfactorily This hope proved vain, not through and that is the question of Wei-hai-Wei. dealth with by the present Government.

his fault. Since 1920, he has been in By the terms of the lease, we were to power in the south. Some of the best hold it as long as the Russians, beld Port Arthur, which they lost nearly twenty authorities maintain that his is the only years ago Nevertheless, we are still legal government in China His policy there. It is admittedly totally useless. has been enlightened. Ha hus 'favoured Balfour, at the Washington Conference

war.

onet.

in

the proletariat, done all that was possible should promised unconditionally that it

to suppress opium and gambling (the twin vioes of China, encouraged by tour eigners), and endeavoured for years to co-operate with the Soviet Government, which has only recently received formal recognition from Peking.

by restored to China at ones. Nevertheless we are still there. If Mr. MacDonald and Mr. Ponsonby have ever heard of the question, I am sure their officials in Ching must have given them a very misleading account of the facts. SERVANTS OR MASTERS Í

distant It is clear that, in regard to country like China, which is not in the forefront of British politice, we cannot hope to see any policy such as the Labour Party can approve, carried out while the Government works through officials who are opposed to all alms. Alinisters are far too busy to go behind the information supplied to them, but those who supply it have such a strong bias that they are certain to colour their reports, even when they intend not to do so. I do not think Labour's policy will ever be adequately carried out until a certain number of men who are in sympathy with it are placed in important official posts, both in the Foreign Office and in the diplomatic ser-

This inan has been singled out by the British in Hongkbag for a bitter and unscrupulous enmity, partly by means of propaganda, partly by fomenting rebel lion. The temper of the official world in Hongkong is illustrated by the fact that two years ago a British naval offiger stationed there was compelled to retire "because his wife was opposed to the con

tinuance of slavery in Hongkong and this in spite of the fact that the agitation with which she was connected was successful Our conflict with Sun Yat Sen began over the Cassel Agreement. This was an agreement which we had been negotiating with the former govern aeut, by which the British would have acquired a virtual monopoly of the rail-

and mines in the province of vice. ways Kwangtung (the hinterland of Canton).

I do not urge that we should actively When Suri Yat Sen acquired power this support Sun Yat Sen; I urge only that agreement was awaiting ratification.

we should be genuinely neutral. It is Very properly be refused to ratify, and

not desirable to interfere in the internal from that moment we regarded him as affairs of foreign countries, even on the our enemy.

right side." At presen, in China, we in Early in 1922 a great shipping strike terfere surreptiously, but always on the broke out in Hongkong, and received sup. wrong side. The bulk of the British in port from Sun Yat Sen. The British China prefer the most corrupt and reac authorities resisted until the whole Chin- tionary elements among the Chinese, and ese population of Hongkong set to work

are never weary of inveighing against to leave the town in a body; then they those who bare, had a Westora education. were compelled to give way. (Of course The true ground of their objection is that the strikers were wholly in the right.) educated Chinese are better able to see This incident did not increase the love through and resist. Western intrigue. of the British officials for Sun Yat Sen. Unless some special effort is made to Recently he has been in conflict with cer check the information derived from tain of the merchants in Canton, who-British banks, British merchants, and have received from Hongkong such sup British officials, our Government is bound port as our officials dared to give. This to continue to serve the interests of capi. Lincident

too recent for the truth to be fulismo in China, however little Ministers as yet wholly ascertainable. It is known

wway wish to do so that a Enscist t militia, intended to carry through a rebellion against Sun Yat Sen, Thas been organised amongst the merch- ant class of Canton, and that a Norwegi an cargo of arms intended for their use Sun Yat Sen's Gov. seized has been

Following the funeral of Mrs. Sarah by Sen vernment. Certain further facts are Bunce, a Reading show-woman aged 73, given in a well-informed article in the caravan in which she had spent 60 Humanité (September 8th.) It appears years of her life and which had taken ber that the leader of the Fascist army in all over the country was burned in accord Canton is a manager of the Canton ance with ancient gipsy custom branch of the Hongkong and Shangbai The caravan was taken to the centre oce of Mrs. Bank, which represents British power in of the fair ground and the Far East Another instructive inei Bunce's sons, pouring 2 gallons of petrol dent mentioned in the same article con-over the vehicle, set it on fire. cerns the British Consul in Canton. Mourners and sightseers had to move Their city, like many other Chinese ports, is divided into a native and a foreign quarter, the latter being governed by the foreigners. On July 14th, at the sugges tion of the British Consul, the authori ties in the foreign quarter decreed that no Chinese should walk in its streets after 2 p.m., except with special permission. The result was a strike and a boycott, which exposed the Europeans to the risk of starvation and compelled them to give way. It may Beem strange that the authority of a Labour Government should be used to promote, such arbitrary and short-sighted tyranny.

. GIPSY, DEATH JUSTOM,

farther away owing to the intense heat, and the gaily coloured caravan's destruc- ion was also witnessed by the old horse which had drawn it for many years! Soon the roof of the caravan collapsed. Gradually the caravan fell to pieces, and within a quarter of an hour only the debris was left,

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