1923-11-17 — Page 7

CABLES.

LATEST CABLES (THROUGH REUTER'S AGENCY.) PROROGATION OF

PARLIAMENT.

HIS MAJESTY'S · SPEECH.

Läxpos, November 15th- The King, in his prorogation speech, regrets the failure to secure the assent of the French Government to proposals for the appointment of a Reparations Cornmiasion of enquiry and regards with profound anxiety the continuance of the present economic conditions in Europe. The serious situation which has developed in Germany is engaging the close and

· earnest attention of the Government

Enruest hopes are expressed that the conclusion of "the Laussuno Treaty will

· bring rent peace in the Near East.”

It is pointed out that negotiations are proceeding with the United States for a settlement of the illicit inportation of - liquor. difficulties.

"THE - HONGKONG" DAILY PRESS, SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 17Tṛ..

DYD_GEORGE'S-SCÀTIFENG”

CRITICISM, mong gung Mr. Lloyds George, who was fregnantly -Intverpitekt by: Lathourites, asserted, that -alre-frest effect of a tariff decision would be 'an aggravation" of unemployment because in the meantime all goods" to be taxed would pour into the country. He taunted the Government with attempting to bind -the -Empire together with drad crabs They were going to the electorate with tinned cars at their tails Why should there be a preferential, tariff for preserved gray-fish and mais for preserved lamb'from New Zealand or preserved mutton "from Australin. He suggested that the policy was an insult to the Empire, and that Mr Baldwin would do an indelible baru by provoking such a conflict when negotia tions were proceding on which, the pence of Europe depended.

There were boisterous scenes toward the close. Sir Lloyd fireanie, who wound up

LATEST CABLES.

AMERICA AND LON AMERIQASS” IMPERATIVE DUTY.”

DALLAN November 18th. The House of Bishops of the Episcopal Church has passed a resolution asserting that it is the imperative duty of the United States either to join the existing to immediately League of Nations or orgause another effective association of

nations

EARLIER CABLES.

FRENCH PROPAGANDA. PROPOSED EXPENDITURÉ BY FRENCH GOVERNMENT.

FAR EASTERN CABLE LADYS EXPERIENCE WITH

NEWS.

(THROUGH XEUTER'S AGENCY.] PROSPEROUS BELGIAN GLASS INDUSTRY.

BIG ORDERS FROM CHINA AND

JAPAN.

RICKSHA

__PULLER. WALKED HER ALL THE WAY AND USED INSULTING LANGUAGE.

A inse enne before the Second Police, Magistrate (Mr. N. Smith), yester day, in which a Kowloon ricksha puller was charged by Inspector Spear with

FLIGHT AROUND THE

WORLD.

YOUTHFUL BELGIAN ACE

ARRIVES AT PEKING.

Jules Verne, that farons French romun- ticist once wrote a novel entitled "Around the World in Eighty Days," which in a previous day and generation was excep- tionally popular.bis. Fogg the. trip as a result of a wager, and the clement of susponse was derived by the inclusion of various obstacles which nearly mevoeded in overghelaring the hero, and enusing him to lose his life's annuity.

Glass works in Belgium;" which have failing to travel it a reasonable speed hero of that fascinating journey made tho

lately received, most important onfers from China and Japan, are enjoying unprecedented prosperity.

JAPANESE BUDGET ESTIMATES.

EDUCATION THE ONLY DEPARTMEN

NOT REDUCED.

|

with his fare (Mrs C. E Koehler) of No. 37. Humphreys Building aid with using insulting language- to the lady.

Mrs. Koehler, relating her experiences to the Magistrate from the witness box, The fact that truth is stranger than said that on the 8th inst. she crossed fiction " was demonstrated again on over from Hongkong to Kowloon by the derived in Peking who is making a trip

November 8th, when another

Hero seren o'clock ferry. There were only hround the world, in a thoroughly twen PARIS, November 13th,

two rickshas on the ricksha stand," Mrs. | tieth century manner, by neroplane, —— The Government has submitted to Parlia

Kochier went up to the defendant's rick. Joseph Lefert a Belgian Ace,"

also as a result of a wager." ment a Bill providing for an additional 194 expenditure of six million franes annually.

ofsha, but he refused to lower the shifts arrived in Peking on November 8th and for cirrulation of French information Yen 129,000,000 and expenditure Yen and made an effort as if he wished will probably go into "winter quarters "

The preamble reviews the

"bere, until the weather is warm enough other obstacles have been removed. Dur ing the interim he may be induced to act as instructor in one of the military lying fields in North Chinn

TOKYO, November 14th. Budget amplification estimates for

show decreases in røvenue

from this year.

on behalf of the Government; met with alleged unfavourable position of 104,000,000; the difference is being made to take a Chinese Indy, who was stand for him to resume his itinerary, and until storm of derisive interjections. There were compared with other countries as regards by carrying forward: Yen 25,000,000 ing near hy, as his fare instead. Finally vociferous chers and counter cheers. The the distribution of news in the foreign closure was finally carried by 202 by 190 pr and emphasises the propaganda bill provides that the money reted shall value of effective daily news services. The be handled similarly to secret servies fuuda and not, be subject to public justificationing programme... of its expenditure, V

་

and the motion rejected by 933 to 100 Amid loud Ministerial cheers. FRANCE'S DEBT TO BRITAIN

LONDON, November tåth."

BRITAIN AND AMERICA. COMMERCIAL CONVENTION

نمودیم

DRAFTS.

WASHINGTON. November tắth. The State Depurment has sent the

The estimates in every department have Department which has been increased been reduced except for the Education Yen 3,000,000 owing to the school rebuild

when Mrs. Koehler got in the ricksha the

with her all the way to the Kowloon defendant refused to run, and walked His Majesty, deplores the disaster which

Hotel where he dropped the shafts has befallen Japan and expresses the heart-felt sympathy of the country with

When she signified that she wished to The greatest reduction, amounting to the Japanese Clovernment and people--

Yen 40,002,000 has been effected in the proceed further the defendant used in our former Allies and close friends who There were two hundred and thirty-sta

Navy Department, for which the estimates sulting language which made the other include Yen 88,000,000 for auxiliary vericksba pullers laugh. Ainongst the ex are bearing this national tragedy with questions in the House of Commons to-day. characteristic fortitude and heroism.

sels, Yen 13,000,000 for land and water The Speaker disallowed many notably a

defences and Yen 2,000,000 for reconstruc pressions used was, “Sui Kwai". (poor The conferences with Ministers from Labour demand for removal of the sugar

tion of ships.

devil). The puller continued to walk with the Dominions and representatives from duty on the ground that they only raised

The Military Departinent estimates bis fere until he reached Nathan Road debating points. Replying to many que British Government the draft of two con- total Yen 133,000,000, which is a saving where Mrs. Koehler called a Chinese India were marked throughout by a spirit of great cordiality and goodwillos, Mr Neville Chamberlain said the ventions giving the United States full of Yen 10,000,000 on pre-earthquake

equality in commercial opportunities in figuren, by curtailment of the defence constable, but she could not make him Freuch debt to Britain WILS

former German territories now under programme. Yen 1,000,000 is being saved understand what she wanted. It ha £612,000,000.

The

Fruch Chamber mandate to Britain and the Dominions on general administration expenses..... had voted a total of eight hundred millina The drafts are in line with the Yan treaty francs, for war material for Poland, Rum of 1921, between the United States and tion expenditure, which is at present not he sprinted with the lady to her destinn The foregoing does not include restora however, a good effect on the puller for asia and Jugo-Slavia, He said it had Japan. The territories include the island determined.

tion, where on the appearance of a Faro been stated that France's repayment of her of Nauru, the ex-German possessions in reipt of German reparations but it was Sumca, and South West Africa. It is be

he took to his heels without waiting to a matter of opinion whether that was lieved the conventions will be approved

collect his fare mones. tantamount to partial repudiation of her debt.

SIR T. B. SAPRU AND GENERAL SMUTS.

"Particular attention was devoted to the promotion of trade settlement within the

Empire, on which the wellbeing of my people so largely depends. I am com

STARTS OF FLIGHT, KÄRS

sels than M, Lefert started his fight It was on a wager with a club in Brus around the world, flying, Briguet biplane, fitted with a1300 horsepower terms of the wager that M.Lefert could Renault motor, It was specified in the

exchange or replace his plane whenever necessary, but it was also specified that the complete four minust be self-support- ing.

The itinerary outlined when the trip was originally planned, was as follows:

Belgiam, Spain, Portugal, Morocco,

Persia, India, Siani, Malay. States. East Algeria, Tunisia, Sicily, Italy, Greece, Egypt, Palestine, Syria, Mesopotamis, Indies, Philippine Islands, China, Siberiz,

Perú, Chile, Argentina, Brazil, thence to Afrien, and following, along the African coast, back to Europe.

vinced that meetings of this kind, are of Jebt to Britain would depend on her the Pacific south of the equator, Western HONGKONG'S HOUSING PROBLEM Penn-gentleman at the door of the house Alaska, Canada, United States, Mexico,

the highest value in promoting a spirit of mutual co-operation amongst my people

at Home and overseas."

The King's speech concludes with an expression of deep anxiety regarding the position of agriculture and continued unemployment and says: "My Ministers are convinced, that unless measures for the safeguarding and development of the Home market are adopted no permanent improvement in the situation can be expected.

GOVERNMENT'S ANGLO-PERŠIAN

SHARES.

LONDON, November 15th.

NAVAL YARD EMPLOYES MUST LEAVE FAMILJES AT HOME.

↓

LANDS IN DIFFICULTIES. Leaving Brussels on the 10th of Octa-

Blanca, where he gave an exhibition fight ber, 190, M. Lefert encountered no diffi culties whatever in his flight to Casa

which nearly resulted disastrously for him. Descending hy parachute from a height of 8.500 feet, Lefert landed Accidentally in a enmpqind occupied by an-Arubiun sheis and his many wives The Aver had considerable difficulty in explaining his presence to the irate bus band whose harem he had invaded and I was very hungry. 1 had my foil it was only due to the timely arrival of at 11 am and it was then

French officials who had witnessed his replied the defendant.

[descent that M, Lefert got out with a

whole skin

Asked if he had anything to say, the defendant anid that he had just dis LONDON, November Jith. AN ACRIMONIOUS CONTROVERSY questions Major A. B. Boyd Carpenter, he was not entitled to take the rom In the House of Commons, replying to charged a fare at the ferry and therefore Paymaster Geberak said that owing to the LONDON, November 15th.

plainant, housing shortage in Hongkong, it was the House of Commons, replying to

The case of the Imperial Conference has deemed desirable to confine appointments Mrs. Koehler said the defendant came questions, Mr. Neville Chamberlain aid

proposal for the acquisition of the been market by dan norimonious coser of chargemen in the naval establishment from the rauks. She did not see Government holding of Anglo-Persian oil resp. between Sir T. B. Sapru and to those volunteering to go without their discharge a lare. The former was inter shares had been under consideration for General Smuts same time, but Ho decision had yet been viewed by Boster on the eve of his families. The question of whether cir

cumstances warrants the removal of the reachest. No step was contemplated by the flare with General Smuts on the subicct restriction was being considered,****

departure for India "and Amphasised his Government which would jeopardise the

Major Boyd-Carpenter added that the supply of oil fuel to the Navy or mercan of the status of Indians. He said that proposal naval base at Singapore would the marine. The Chancellor added he was General Smuts had heaped an insult on not nomskitate, the enruction of unable under present circumstances to give the Governor of backlitional works of fortification at other an assuranes that no change would he attitude and obstruacy had harmed the harbours in Rasters waters, The next meeting of the British Parlia-made before Parliament had bad an Empire of which he posed as champion.

opportunity of considering it,

NEXT MEETING OF PARLIAMENT.

Luxpas. November 15th...

ment will be on December 20th.

THE CONSERVATIVE CAMPAIGN.

JAPANESE RECONSTRUCTION

Then tell me why did you go slowly asked the Magistrate...

The Magistrate Well, you must not ev into the ranks if you are so hungry.

Asked if nuything was known about the defendant, Inspector Spear replied in the negative, but pointed out that there was quite a lot of this sort of thing going on

Kowloon.

General Smits interviewed by: Reuter tonight aid was surprised at end re

PLANS. EARLIER CABLES.

gretted, Sir T. B

attack, which The feared Wonto, to the cause of JONE DEBATE IN HOUSE OF

grave dis-service. It was difficultése

TOKYO, November 15th and was not likely to be made chen, by Today Barn Goth, in his capacity COMMONS.

DIFFERENCES STILL APPARENT. vehement attacks on representatives of President of the Reconstruction board, OPPOSITION MOTION OF CENSURE

other nations. The Dominions were repre- submitted to the Advisory Council the LONDON, November 15th.

sented at the Imperial Conference by Pre Board's final drafts of the plan of recinin The failure of Mr Baldwin's negotia miers vested with fuls responsibility but struction for Tokyo and Yokohama. The The Magistrate: Yes, I am sure thore LONDON, November 15th. tions with Lord Birkenhead and Mr. Sir T. B. Sapru was not even an ordinary plan provides for Trunk Roads from 90 to The House of Commons opened listlessly. Austen Chamberlains explained

isterial and Liberal bench-being text of subsequent correspondence the number of the Government of India, and 180 feet wide, parks. markets and fire in (To the defendant) : Why didn't you

Mr. had departed from the etiquette which all proof zomes also for Yokohama as a port wait for your fare money? almost empty until the end of the ques Chamberlain, writing to Mr. Baldwin, the other representatives of the Confer capital, with improved water" communic The defendant; I was struck a blow on tions, when the Peers, public and Domin- infers from the time that has elapsed, ence had observal towards each other. He tips between the twoity fins passed the shoulder by the European so I ran ions galleries were packed. The Mini that his and Lord Birkenhead's inclusion emphatically repudiated the ludierna.

The Yokohama Municipality has teriali benchen gridually filled.........

Mr. Ramsey Macdonald was loudly in the Government is unwelcome to some charge of insulting the Government of

away of Mr. Baldwin's supporters, and conclude India.

sure.

GERMANY'S EX-ROYALTY.

the estimate of 521 million Yen for restorn tion Martial law in Tokyo and Yoko- hama cense to-night,

The Magistrate imposed a fine of $10

prisonment.

After leaving Casa Blanca, he flew to Algeria. During this leg of the journey be encountered a very thick fog and mar row escaped crashing head on into a mountain, clearing it by the narrow mar- gin of only about a hundred feet. Only a week previously, the pilot of a passen ger plane had met with a fatal accident under similar circumstances, two passen- gers being killed.

From Algerin he set out for Tunisia, being forced during most of the part of the journey to fly at a height of unly fearing that if he rose above that altitude 400 foot by reason of a torrential rainstormi

to world lose his direction -

The next stage of the flight was from Tunisia to Italy neroas Sicily.. From

The hi fi and other newspapers with the alternative of one parth's Brindisi he took an Italian, savigator who express dissatisfaction at the budget as showing insufficient rettenchment, com- sidering the present situation of Japan.

chrered angrising to move his vote of cen- by intimating that their assistance must He complained of the Government's therefore be confined to the platform neglect of unemployment, the absence of pery originally contemplated. Mr. Bald. policy calculated to restore the influence of win replied regretting that supernumer

BRITAIN'S VIEWS STATED: the

courtry abroad and to re-establish inary Cabinet appointments on the eve of ternational peace and trade, and con- the election would have been open to obri

Reuter PARIS, November 10th demned the Government for leaving ous objections. The only alternative would A French ammi-official- messaga states millions destitute in order to fight an riec

have been

to replace two existing France understands Britain has informed tion on an undisclosed scheme of tariffs and colleagues which was unthinkable. Mr the Ambassadors Conference that she does Imperial preference, contrived by sections Baldwin letter to Lord Birkenhead ex not desire to participate in any steps of capitalists in their own interests, and which would increase the crest of living and presses confidence that he will still give the taken in Germany in connection with the party fall support at the election, and ex-Con Prince or ex-Kaiser. Britain is encourage the formation of trust

particularly help Lord Derby to keep the also opposed to any sanctions in connection flag flying in Lancashire. He adds that with the Inter-Allied military control of what is not possible now may more easily Germany..

A

MR. BALDWIX'S REPLY. Me, Baldwin, who was given an ovation be accomplished later, when he hopes to by his followers, agreed with Mr. Mac achieve complete naim of the party. BETTING TAX PRACTICABLE. donald as to the necessity for infinite Lord Birkenhead bas replied profoundly patience regarding foreign affairs, It must regretting that their common desire to be remembered that it was impossible to wipe out the memory of past differences neuh samite in uppe He had "high has been defeated by fotors which neither fresh Europe.

hopes of success when the communications with America began, but, here again, all *fforts were nullified by the action of two of the Allies. It may indeed he difficult to maintain indefinitely our attempts to co-operate with Allies who make it BO difficult. Ispared no pains to let the Allies know that the British people cannot. continue indefinitely to maintain a spirit necessary 'to cooperation and the_Eniente. if the present situation is, allowed to con- tinue very much longer. ****

UNEMPLOYMENT, EMERGENCY

MEASURE.:

can

control

LATEST CABLES. BRITISH STEEL INDUSTRY.

THE MENACE OF RUHN ACCUMULATIONS.

LONDON, November 15th.

In the House of Commons, replying to

Mr. Isane Foot, Sir P. Lloyd Creame said

LONDON, November 15th

The Betting Committee sat for thre

[BY COURTESY OF A THE DAILY BULLETIN.")

GOVERNOR GENERALSHIP,

MANILA, November 16th.

IN

THE WARFARE

KWANGTUNG. Offcial quarters in. Contor exhibit, no

few with him to Egypt, passing over Greece, from there to Palestine, and on to Syria ATHA

ATTACKED BY BANDITS,

Across the Mesopotamian Desert to- Bagund was the next leg, but engine trouble forced him to land at Kauakin.. on the frontier between Persia and Mesopotamia. Conting down to a forced captain, with whom he stopped for three

under, attack from" Persian handīts, who- withdrew after a hot encounter, leaving three dead.

The Manila Times says that Governor want of confidence that the outcome of landing, he was received by an English General Wood is slated for Secretary the campaign will end in the triumph of of State for: War, and that Brig. General Dr. Sun's forces. It declared that days. During all of one night they were General in February. Frank McCoy will be appointed Gorertion they are ready for any emergency and

the leaders are ma

making preparations for the final drive, with a view to the enemy's ultimate collapse.

The Canton Jolly News states: Shek-The mountains added to the danger, us visibility was extremely low during the

L

CHINESE OFFICIALS AND THEIR PAY.

hours, and gave a meal, but in thew the Betting Tax is practicable, view of the coming dissolution of Parliament it abandoned consideration of the chairman's THE PRESIDENT'S BENEVOLENCE lung and Shektan are now entirely free

report in favour of a two and half per pt. duty to be collected, by means of stamps, and the money betting offcerishment of ready

of all traces of the enemy soldiers.

The President, à Chinese news agency say is very anxious to pay the salaries Trains are running between Canton and of at Government officials ni a special Sheklung. According to reports brought favour in commemoration of his inaugura back by airplanes from the East River, tign.

2. It appears that $3,000,000 is the

Lefert felt Kannkin for Teheran, this being a very treacherous stage of the journey, owing to the intense cold.

beavy fall of snow through which he flewe After leaving Teheran," the conditions

whole journey from there to India as did not in any way improve and the made in very unfavourable weather. At tangoon, M. Lefert decided to change

in obtaining the necessary permission to land in Jay, the light had to be ten-

NEW VALIDITY PERIOD OF total amount required, of which one half the enemy, who were severely deleated his machine, it owing to some diffiens kry

"

PASSPORTS.

has recently been made available from near Sheklung recently, are retreating LONDON, November 12th the Salt surplus. The President, we are toward Polo and Soochuen, and the porarily abandoned.

told, has held a conference of all officials that it was impossible to state with cer. In the House of Commons, replying, to to this palace with the object of raising Constitutionalist forces are chasing them tainty, but he believed that millions of questions, Mr. Ferald MeNeill said the tab balance. The Cabinet has also dis- closely and will give them a general As regards unemployment, the Premier tons of steel had at present accumulated Government had invited the Goverunduts cussed the problem, being anxious to attack at Poklon Dr. Gun Yat Sex has of the Dominions to concur in the extenstisfy the President by paying the ordered the troops, in Sheklung to sd said he proposed a radical and drastic in the Ruhr valley.

sion of the validity of British passports salaries of all Government employés for "measure dealing with the period of emer.

The British Government were

one month. However, the Minister of vance immediately for Poklo and instruct gency, knowing that it would be open to munieating with other Governments with to a period of five years.

Finance did not think that he would be Parliament to examine the situation anew view to safeguarding British interests

com-

He then proceeded by boat to the Philippines, where he purchased another machine, but the Japanese refused to allow him to land in Formoss and the Foochow so he came to Peking in a Chinese refused to allow him to land in effort to straighten out these dificultans

should ever the position again become in regard to the importation of this steel "NO GUZZLING IN GERMANY Able to do more. He pointed out thed them to recapture that city within Far Eastern Trudy

The

normal and if unemployment causes disinto Great Britain. appear.--(Cheers and laughter), Guvernment did not propose in any cir. cumstances

to tax wheat, four or ment

in. cluding matton, cheese, butter and

eggs,

But it reserved perfectly free hand on

U.S. PRESIDENCY.

CANDIDATE FOR REPUBLICAN NOMINATION.

the

everything else. The Government desired to be released from Boñar Law's

CHICAGO, November 15th. pledge to enable the imposition of Cuties

Senator Johnson of California has an- on manufactures generally for the pur nounced his intention to present himself pose of revenue and tariff negotiation, for Republican nomination for together with full power to impose larger Presidency. He declares that the ensu duties when the circumstances of particular ing contest will determine whether the industries requiral.----(Ministerial

Republican Parts shall be a permanent respond to present-day

#!

the Salt Gabelle and the Stamp Tax three days, The enemy troops under Lin that the Cabinet should now try the shing a few days ngờ, but was ecanter Bureau had already done their best, but Fur made an attempt to capture Tsang- Chungrenmen Octroi, Wine and Tobacco Bureau, Ministry of Communications and attacked by the Constitutionalist force the Directorate of Customs,"

in Ching-kun resulting in the enemy being entirely routed.

THE DI MA

Arisen

BERLIN, November 15th Von Beekt has issued a decree authorin ing the military to confiscate dancehall hars and similar establishments catering

on the idea of the Cave Mad and his We are spt in popular talk ta dwell purdy for the luxurious, and cootert them into kitchens testers for relief of the

environment as the rudimentary typer suffering populace. He adds There is

Another paragraph tells us that the

from which civilisation has been craved. and we meet all manner of half-baked no room in Germany today for guzzling Pay of the officials in the Cabinet" is

Que

contemporary states that 10,000 speculations and theories as to how his ten months in arrears, and at a meeting or gluttony ergoutly extravagancs

held by them to discuss the matter they picked troops are being sent from Hunan ideas of morality and religion

to help the local forces in clearing up economic arts may have a

and THE SILVER MARKET

decided to ask the Prime Minister to pay one month's salary within the space the enemy in Kwaugting. It is added habits (ays Hit Bydney Oliver LONDON, November 18th.

of five days. We are further told that ward and General La is expected in thos that they are procesding rapidly south-Contemporary Review) is fallarion Reporting on

the servants are paid two tatooing as silver, Mosina Moratta mind sorrad they are also clamouring for Canton, to-morrow, it is reported. These here were not many cuves, and 3) part of the equipment of a modera indas-

America, partly owing to a considerable back pay. There is no money to buy forces will participate in the East River by the strongest and most indepen trial State; without it, you might as well

itempt to fight- modern Artillery bows and arrORE,

to a better feeling due to the ending of the authorities have decided to tell them in this province is ousted, they will march cave dwellige und the whole of the The Senator adds that he favours a corner in Foulyar Another case of the order to buy stoves which do not con- together,ith the forces here in the com- peoples e parvenus The Government a revitalized Republican Party which would advance in London is the pakices of sume so much cook examining the questions of health, naem-

ing northern expedition!". kyment insurance and old age pensions be an instrument neither of static re sterling chance, and as a result thereof

yenote Descendants of with a view to coordination and improve action nor destructive Radicalism. He silver in New York today in law the

iding all these optimistic and hooligans who swarmed expresses opposition to the League of

esident that the grantem central breeding grou week ago while the advance in Landon Nations fod 'Sullita subdidiaries.

arding-the-siluution in tale of biphanit” in the stormer. guntations in oree two par cent. 3241,

pletof, Cantop.3

jabovë - the lendari

The power of bargaining was a nobear

ment.

The Government confidently avait- ed the verdict of the country. (Choers.)....

f'aspirations, et te er god dcercano fit their stocks and party owing coal for the steam heaters, and the campaign and as soon as the enemy in emilien. In any case, the

How do the great army of officials manage to five without pay? That is b question on which the news agency reports, are sleat.