1923-08-10 — Page 4

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OFFICIAL ETIQUETTE AT PEKING.

THE FOREIGN MINISTER AND THE JAPANESE AMBASSADOR..

There has been "an interesting little sens sution as Peking over a refusal by De: Wellington Kok, the Foreign Minister, to recognise the official status of Mr. Yoshizawa, the new Japanese Minister until he had presented his "credentials,

A STATEMENT BY THE CHINESE

FORSIGN OFFICE,

The following statement on the matter of Mr. Yoshizawa's credentials has been given out for publication by the Wai- chipu:

from

PROPOSAL TO DEFER PRESENTATION OF CREDENTIALS.

1. On June 20th Mr. Yoshida, the Japanese Charge d'Affaires, called at the Waichinops and stated that the Japanese Legation was in receipt of instructions the Japanese Government,, propus. ing that on reaching Peking, Mr. Yoshi- zawa, the newly appointed Japanese Min ister, should notify the Waichinopu of his arrival and assumption, of the charge of Japanese Legation but should defer pro-

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MERELY FOLLOWING DIPLOMATIC USAGE

AND FRACTION.

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FOOCHOW.

TRADE REPORT FOR THE YEAR

1022"

THE POLITICAL' WARFARE,

Mr. Percy R. Waslsham, Comunissioner of Customs begins his Report on the Trade of Foochow in 1922 with the fol lowing interesting review:-

the etiy, as his picked troops could easily have defended the place against so small a force. But he was a sick man at the -time, and no doubt his enemies took ad

vantage of this fat. That night General Li Ho Chi was sont to Pagoda Anchor. age by Admiral Sah, a sad onding to his tuchunship, which had extended over

oven years.

ג יי

In the matter of calls on the Diplo matic Corps, when a new Foreign Minister names office, it has not been the cus tornary praction to en'l on any now Min- ster who had not got sent a copy of his credentials to the Foreign Office and requested an audience for presenting them,

TRIBUTE TO DEPOSED TUCHUN. as the formalities, according to the gen-

Whatever may be mid against General erally recognised international usage and The year under review has been dis- Li-and many untruths were spread by practice, ám necessary to accompany the appointing and full of anxiety. Begin agents of the Kuo Min Tang-it should assumption of duties of a Ministor and to ning well, the longkong shipping strike,

which commenced in January and insted always be remembered with gratitude canbe the Foreign Office to ascertain his

till March, soon affected trade. Then, that, whatever may have been his short- official title and status. Dr. Koo in defer about the time the green teas are shipped coatings, be at least kept the peace of the province throughout his regime. to the northern markets, came the con- That the Southerners were none too sure ring to call on Mr. Yoshizawa last Tue

flict between Wu P'ei Fu and Chang Tao of their position was shown the following day merely following the diplomatic usage

Lin, which deterred merchants from and practice here in Peking as well as making commitments. And when this had day, when a few hundred Southern troops - miserable rabble without uniforms, abroad. To forestall any possible misunder- subsided and things were boginning, to

some being more boys-surrendered to settle down again, there came rumours of the Navy. It had been rumoured that a standing, however, the Chier of the "I'ro-

the invasion of the province by the South- cel Department nad taken care to ex-

returning, and so fearful were Southern-- the day to post to the Japan Legutionern forces retreating from Kiangai under largo force of the ex-Tuchun's troops were

day before. Dr. Koo made his round

command of General Hau. Ch'ung Chih.ees of an attack that they barricaded. osta is, on the Diplomatic Corps.

At first mere rumour, it was thought that, themselves against their own men, and even if true, "the forces at the disposal the latter, worn out with marching and of the Tuchun, General Li Hou Chi would having nowhere to go to, surrendered. be sufficient to cope with the situation. During the next few days detachments of i But as time wore on it became evident General Lis troops, returning from up that conditions were far more serious river, continued to surrender and were than had at first been supposed. It had sent away from the port. On the 18th been known for some time that differ: October General, Hsu Ch'ung Chih ar cnccs existed between the Tuchun and

and with him Generals Wang Yung General Wang Yung Chuao, his second China and Thun on the wate quarters at Yeaping, situated on the upd, and how and when he joined the in- in command. The latter had his head- Lau.' What precise role the latter play-> per reaches of the Min River and com vading forces, is not known; but he is manding the water approaches from Kien said to have come to Foochow by steam uing and Shaow It was therefore a

er, to have joined General Wang at Yen- place of strategic importance in view of ping, and to have been instrumental in the situation which was now developing making him turn against General Li Hou free lance, as his nickname "Erb Ta General Wang was to a great extent a Chi. His aim appears to have been to chun number two Tuchun-indicates. he had no backing and, after a few weeks, make Fukien an independent state, but He was a thorn in the side of the mer left for mere congenial surroundings. chants, and his levies on cargo wère General Huang To Wei also departed source of constant complaint. Still, his after a brief stay, being unable to recen- exactions were in a measure due to neces-cile himself to a subordinate position, to

his

THE JAPANESE LEGATION'S VERSION.

EN

. The following statement by the Japanese Legation was handed to Reuter's Agency,

Un arriving at his post, Mr. Yush zawa' immediately notified both the senting his credential until after the elec. Diplomatic Corps and the Waichincpn of tion of the President, but if the Waichino of that autification was in exzes conformity assumption of office. The wording Įpu should consider this procedure inappro❘ with precedents indicated by the priate the Japanese Foreign Minister archives of the Japanese Legation. The could address a formal communication to Japanese Minister notifies on the date of record of the Legation shows that a new the Waichiaopu in regard to Mr. Yoshi his arrival not only his colleagues but the zawa's assumption of duties as Japanese of his assumption of duties without any Chinese Minister of Foreign Affairs simply Minister to China, and enquiring for the reference at all to his credentials, and that views of the Chinese Government on the both the Diplomatic Corps and the Wai above proposal. The Vice-Minister, M. chiaopu have always duly acknowledged Shen, seeing that this procedure would be receipt of such notification.

It is true that under ordinary circum- a' departure from the usual diplomatic stances, the new Minister's notification of

practice, suggested in reply the following

alternatives:

ALTERNATIVES SUGGESTED.

(a) Mr. Yoshizawa's credentials might be addressed simply to the President of the Republic of China, omitting the name of the President, and on his arrival he hould. according to the customary send a copy of his credentials to Waichiacpu requesting at the same time an audience for the presentation, of the original. The actual presentation of the credentials might be postponed until after the election of the President: or.

3 very serious

this is shown by bis endeavours at the

Admiral

Provisional Civil Governor but on the

or by Dr. Sun Yat Sen, he withdrew into private life.

his arrival is followed by his formal eally since he had large forces under his General Wang Yung Chuan..

command and the Tuchun remitted him at the Waichinopu and by another note dealing with the question of the presenta little or no money. General Wang wield Sah, who stood for peace, was nominated tion of credential. But it is a situation ed considerable power, and his disaffec arrival of Lin Sen, appointed Civil Gover- unique and unprecedented that 3. Yoshi. tion at this stage was

matter. That the Tuchun recognised zawn is faced with and of course there can be no question of asking for an audienes Apparently some mudus virendi has to be eleventh hitting large sums of money a matter the discussion of which first by remitting large sums of money clearly requires more time than was avail and then by having him promoted Gr

or the occasion of his first call at the rison Commissioner. But the breach by Waichinopu, so that Mr. Yoshizawa did this time had widened too far, and on the not mention the matter at all, mentally 5th Septeraher General Hau entered Kienning, the city being handed over by reserving it for later consideration.

General Wang, who had now definitely thrown in his lot with the invaders."

About this time Admiral Sah Chen Ping arrived from Amoy, and it was rumoured that he was prepared to take

In the light, however, of precedents as evidenced by, the Legation file and worT especially in view of Vice-Minister Shen's assurance contained in his note to Mr. Yoshida, then Charge D'Affaires, that the appointment of Mr. Yoshizawa to Peking

Shortly after the departure of General Li Hau Chi the Provincial Treasurer, Fei Yu Ch'ni, who had taken refuge in a foreign residence, was arrested on a war- rant by the naval authorities and is re- ported to have paid over a considerable General Hsu's arrival the situation be sum before he was finally released. After came daily more involved. The South had captured Foochow, but held only the city. The forts commanding the entrance to the Min River, Pagoda Anchorage, and the river up to the Long Bridge were in

retained most of the likin stations, in- cluding the head offce on Changchow Island, and imposed special taxes on fuitke, through the median of the Kwan- tow Chantier of Commerce, estimated to bring in a revenue of $50,000 per year.

pletion of the formalities of the presenta was particularly acceptable to the Chinese over the reins of government provided: the bands of the Navy. The Navy also

(b) The credentials already prepared and addressed to President Li Yanu-hung might be delivered to the Waichinopu and such delivery might be regarded as com

tion of credentials.

It is understood that Mr. Yoshida duly cable the above suggestion fo Tokyo, NO MENTION OF CREDENTIALS IN VISIT OR NOTIFICATION.

General Li left the province. But even Government, there was no doubt at all to had the Tuchun been willing, it would the Japanese Legation that Mr. Yoshi-

hardly have stayed the entry into Foo zawa had forthwith been recognized by the chow of General Hsu and bis forces Chinese Government as Japanese Minister. though had General Li been willing to Surprised, therefore, at the series of ex- On July 18th the Waichiaupu traordinary acts cut the part of the Wai co-operate with Admirni Sah. it might received a communication from Mr. Yoshi chiaopu which were summarized in the have altered the situation. But he failed zawa, dated July 16th, notifying the Min-

Ction statement a

few days back, the to take advantage of the opportunity and i-try of his arrival. In this communica

Legation sent the ignored Admiral Sah. The latter then tion Mr. Yoshizawa mate any request for Wichino pa kation in a secretation took up his quarters at the Naval Bureau an audience for the presentation of his The answer was that, inasmuch as no on Chungchow Island, which commands credentials nor did he send a copy of these letter of credence had been presented, the the Long Bridge, landed a "force of of the marines with machine-guns, and brought Mr. Yoshizawa made his first call on the exact capacity, title, etc. of Vice-Minister, Mr. Shen, at the Waizawa and that it could therefore not kuran and Ch'etung in support. Mean. chinopu During the interview Mr. Yoshi recognize the latter's official status. The while all eyes were turned on the South zawn made no mention of the matter of Legation secretary observed that while the crn advance, and the air was full of the credentials. The following day Me.matter of the presentation of credentials rumours. Shen returned Mr. Yoshizawa's call but at that moment being referred to the Jap- found him out Accordingly 31r. Shea, anese Government, Mr. Yoshizawa was while temporarily deferring an nknow. willing on his own responsibility to send ledgement of Mr. Yoshizawa's communica a copy of the credentials to the Wac

chia tion, sent a Secretary of the Ministry to pu.

to call na Mr. Yoshizawa urging the latter to present his credentials at an early date In reply Mr. Yoshizawa stated that he had

cable Tokyo for instructions,

credentials to the Ministry. On July 10th Waichinopu had no knowledge Yoshi- up to two modern river gunboats Chu- commodities; loans were floated which:

WALCHIAOPH'S NOTE RETURSED,

To this Dr. Koo caused the reply he nude that the presentation of such copy should be accompanied by a note in which the exact date of the prescutation of the original was stated. As it was plainly in- possible for the Japanese · Légation to comply with that demand the matter had to be dropped for the time being.

SHANGHAI TRADE...

Messrs, Ilbert & Co.'s latest piece Goods Market Report says

14

FEAR OF LOOTING,

RESORT BY THE SOUTH TO EVERY FORM

FORM OF EXTORTION."; Thus cut off from the fat likin revenues, the South resorted to every form of ex

Special revenue stamps were tortion. devised for tobacco, wine, and other. the more wealthy were forced to sub scribe to the poorer classes were com mandeared as load coolies and released only when they had paid over what money they carried or their relatives, had ran- sonied them; soldiers would purchase goods and tender payment in worthless Cantonese notes, demanding the change in local currency or taking the goods. without paying if this were refused shops were pillaged, pedestrians robbed seemingly, if not actually, with the assent of those in power, as nothing was done to stop-it; and the throat was con- tinually held out that, unless funds were forthcoming, no responsibility could be taken for the actions of the soldiery.

Fear was expressed that the city would be looted by Li Tuchun's troops before evacuation, and panic ensued. The fami lies of officials began to leave the port and the populate to crowd over to the foreign quarter on Nantaj, Ronta went -up by leaps and bounds, 240 per month and upwards, with six months' rent in advance, being naked for quite small 3. On July 23rd, Dr. Kio assumed office

rooms and readily obtained. As a pre- as Minister for Foreign Affairs,

cautionary measure British, American, accordance with the customary fructice

and Japanese warships were ordered to

Amidst all these doings it is remarkable the Ministry was to notify the Diplomatic

the port, while the Chinese, proteet Corps of his assumption of office, but, be

themselves from bad characters who that the Maritime Customs and the Nativo Customs under foreign control cause Mr. Yoshizawa had not yet requested

might be tempted to take advantage of should have escaped unmolested, and it an pudieuco for presenting his credentials

the situation, organised night patrols and

is pleasing to record that both establish nor had he sent a copy of them to the Wai.

created wooden barriers along the streets. chincpu, thereby leaving the usual form

Our market has ruled quiet during the

ments were treated with courtesy. The On the night of the 4th October it was Salt Administration was, however, not alities connected with the iffcial entry

past week, and the amount of business reported that General Li's troops had so fortunate. With the conditions pre apon the duties of the Japanese Minister reported has been small. Greye generally been defeated and were in fuil retreat on vailing throughout the year, especially to China uncompleted, the Walchinopu continue to show a weakening tendency, Foochow So serious was the outlook was confronted with difficulties in the and a further decline is anticipated, owing that American guards were landed. For that our revenue declined by only some during the last quarter, it is gratifying matter of addressing Mr. Yoshizawa in the to the arrival of purchases made during turtels, the report proved to be untrue,Hk. Tls. 10,000, while the gross value of proposed notification, Mr. Wang, Vice the past two months. Whites have ruled and during the next few days an easier Chief of the Protocol Department; called steady, and the shortage of stucks is still feeling prevailed; but, to be on the safe the same sa in 1911. What the coming the trade of the pork remained practically on the Japanese Legation with a view to a being felt, more particularly for the medi-side, British and Japanese guards were suitable arrangement for the usual qualities.

also landed and meetings of residents to know. The outlook is far from pre- year has in store is what, all would like situation. The Legation stated in reply

The fluctuations in the price of the raw tions from Tokyo before they could settle the effect of restraining importers from take place. On the morning of the 12th to the cloud, and should a more settled that it was necessary to wait for instrue material during the past ten days have had called at the Consulates to consider mon mising, but the great recuperative pover sures of protection in case looting did of the Chinese is always the silver lining the Protocol entering into any fresh indents on a large October foreign residents were startled state of affairs prevail, it will soon dis Department held another conference with scale, and it would appear that there was the Japanese Legation and proposed a

speculation in America: as to the esti by the sound of machine-guns, which. pel the gloom which at present shrouds practical solution of the difficulty by sug. been officially returned by the Government cause of the firing became known: Gen-

mate of the growing crop, which has now however, quickly subsided. Later the the port. eating that the notification should take the form of a formal note addressed to Bureau, as estimated on August 1, to be eral Li and his troops were hurriedly the Japanoso Legation. This form was 67.1/5 per cent of normal, with an leaving the city, and some soldiers, ua- finally adopted as the best way of avoiding estimated yield of 11,516,600 bules. The sole, that the bridge owing to which DELAY IN ORGANISING THE NEW the point of Mr. Yoshizawa's temporarily

immediate effect of these figures has been tion, had fired on some sampans delicate position and at the same time em a sharp rice both for spot and forward had refused to take them over, and the phasising the importance which China quotations, but there are other important commander of the gunboat Chukwam has always attached to her relations with factors which may soon exert their in mistaking the firing for an attack on his

A Peking news agency states that Japan by promptly notifying Mr. Yoshi- Bluences for lower prices!

ship, had opened are with his machine according to the agreements made between zawn of Dr. Koo's assumplion" of office.

guns. Fortunately, the mistake ino-Japanese Company should have been.

the Chinese and Japanese Delegates, The Japanese Legution, to the surprise of

quickly discovered, and the troops passed formed before the 31st of March to take the Waichinopu, returned this note.

over to Nantal without further incident. No soldiers were killed in this affray, but over the Shantung mines, hitherto oper- several Chinese civilians suffered ansual ated by the Japanese there is no stops tics.

have been taken by the Chinese Delegates to organise the joint enterprise, the Chuchuan coal mines are still under the

the matter. On

HONOURED, GUEST FAILS TO ARRIVE AT

APPOINTED HOUR. ****

FIEUZAL GLASSES Out of doors, there is nothing so restful Upon intimation from Mr. Yoshi- and comfortable for the eyes as the light zawa that he desired to call on him on reflected from green folds and trees, the July 25th, Dr. Koo directed the Chief of the Protocol Department to convey to him sheorption of the ultra-violet and orange amorsage of welcome and fixed the hour rays by the chlorophyll of the leaves: ut 12.30 Yoshizawa's first call, Dr. Koo did not

B.m

At this was to be Mr. hence the introduction of Fieuss Glass, wish him to find it necessary to wait, yellowish green in colour, which is pro which

might be the case if he came induced in several aliados, sad lenses made the morning without appointment and found other representatives already pre.

of this may be worn as a protection by sent, since it is the practice on the diplo over-sensitive eyes where it is desirable matic day to receive the foreign represion tatives in the order of their arrival at to tone down excesive light and glare the Waichinopu. Dr. Koo wished to be Fisuzal lease of any proscription in abio to receive Mr. Yoshizawa immediately either regular or Toric forms are manu on his arrival at the Ministry, a courtesy which he feit to be due to the represen factured by the Hongkong Optical Co., tative of

a friendly Power on his first successors to Clark & Co., Manufactoring visit, but to Dr. Koo's gront, disappoint and Refracting Opticians 53, Queen ment Mr. Yoshizawa, did not call at the appointed hour,

Road Central --ÅDET. "

(589

REFUGE IN POREIGN CONSULATES · REPUBED.

THE SHANTUNG MINES:

1

CONTROL

General Li tried to take refuge in the control of the Japanese Ministry of War. preign Consulates, but, being unable to The Agency learns from Japanese mures gain admission, finally sought and ob that the Japanese Government has in- tained shelter at the Bank of Taiwan, structed its Delegates to close the accounte all over Nantai without their officers, who end of July, and to begin to keep new With detachments of General Li's troops and books of the coal mines up to the had already filed, the outlook was full of accounts from the 1st of Augusty, so the anxiety, but the situation was shortly re Ministry of War doo not like to under the safe conduct to their homes of all receipt of the instruction the Tapizures lieved by Admiral-Sab, who guaranteed take any commercial enterprise."\_|On who laid down their arms. This anciegatos approached the Chinesa Lata, nouncement had a beneficial effect, and Company with the suggestion that a Com- surrendered and been sent to Pagoda the enterprise They have also suggested by the evening most of the troops had pany bo organized at once to continue. Anchorage. During the day the city was that for the time being the Chiness Del manif of Generais. Huang Ta Wei and Lathe task of the temporary control of the occupied by a few Southerners under com gales entrust the Japanese Dolegates with Fe Lin. It now became evident that the Chuchuan mines, pending further deti Tuchun had been frightened into legying sions of the Japanese Government.