1922-05-06 — Page 7

THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, SATURDAY, MAY 6r, 1993.

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LAND DISARMAMENT, A GENERAL EUROPEAN PACT.

[BY MAJOR GENERAL SIB F. MAURICE.]

4 Reuter TACBRASO from London, recently, stated that the omens are moraf favourable for the most critical phase of the Genoa Conference which will show whether Mr. Lloyd George's great aim for a real European peace pact is to be realised. In this connection, the following article will be found interesting. It deals with the digest of what purported, to be a scheme of land disariuament submitteri by Lard Exher to the League of Natious Commission in Paris in February Inst. The scheme is known to have attracted the serious attention of Mr. Lloyd George.

The announceentent from Faria of the details of Lord Esher's proposals for the reduction of land armaments is of the highest importance.

Lord Esher has succeeded Mr. Fisher sa the British representative on the Tem porary Mixed Commission of the League of Nations on Armaments, and he has firo. duced the first definite proposal to the League for the reduction of land arma

ments.

He has got a move on, and, whether he manages to get his proposition adopted in the form in which he has presented" it or not, there is far more chance of some definite result maturing from the discus sion of a precise preposition than there is from the accumulation of statistics with a view to the formulation of some plan in the future, the preceedure the Commission has hitherto adapted.

THE WASHINGTON PRINCIPLE. Lord Esher's plan is in the main an attempt to apply to the reduction of land armaments the principle which was adopted at Washington for the reduction of naval arīnaments.

At Washington it was agreed by the principle naval Powers to reduce one por tion, of, naval armaments, capital ships, од agreed ratio. Lord Esher's pro posal is that ene portion of land urma ments, the regular armies maintained in rime of peace within the home frontiers, ahall be similarly reduced on an agreed ratio.

In both cases the most important and the most expensive armaments, whether paval or military, are to be reduced. In both cases only such reductions are! sought us cannot be evnded in secret. No

country Cla build battleships without all the world knowing of it; o country with a Parliamentary system of Government cau conceal the size of its regular ariny maintained in time of peace,

ARMS AND MEN.

Therefore, any attempt at evasion of the agreement when reached can at once be brought to the notice of the League of Nations and of the world at large by the Power or Powers affected.

No attempt is made to limit the kind of arms be used, for any restriction of this kind would be very difficult to eaforce. For the same reason no attempt is made to restrict the reserve or terri torial forces of any country. No attempt is made to restrict the forces required by any Power to protect its overseas" posses- sions.

Obviously the League of Nations cannot dictate to England the force required to preserve order in India, nor to Fraace what she needs for the security of Morocco.

Finally no attempt is made to restrict the foreca which any country may employ in time of war. These in the last resort depend upon the numbers of its men capable of bearing arms and upon its getteral resources, and cannot, be limited by any international agreement.

RATIOS OF STRENGTH,

The scheme, therefore, aims in its broad lines only at what the Washington Con- forence has proved to be practical.

THE UKIYA SEROŢI BANK, ETA

HEAD OFFICE

ST. GRORUR'S BUILDING, HONGKONG, Chairman of Board of Directors

i

Mn WONG BHTU BAY.

"Chiel Manager.. Mr. LeS, HOLUM. Ant. Manager....Mr. K. T. WONG, Hongkong Manager „Mr. I. P. Ataan. Foreign exchange and General Banking business transacted."

I

Current, Bavings, and Fixed Deposita bean interests at rates of 3 per cent, 4 per cent., sad ü per cent, per annum, raspectively,

L. S. HOLUM. Hongkong, October fad, 1920,

The ratios of armed strength which Lord Esher has proposed will doubtless lead to a great deal of anxious discussion between, the Governments and War Offices of! Europe.

They do not affect the mala principles of the scheme, and are, it is to be pre sumed, susceptible of modiɓeation as each Power presents its case for maintaining more or fewer men.

But here, too, a system seems to have been followed. Lord Esher takes na his unit for the standing armies to be main- tained in peace 30,000 men. He allots France six such units, or 180,000 men Italy four unite, Poland four units, Grext Britain three units, and so on..

FRENCH BECURITY.

A. G. DA ROCHA

AUCTIONEER SURVEYOR AND

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INDO-CHINA

STEAM NAVIGATION COMPANY, LIMITED,

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SHANGHAI SHANGHAI SWATOW

BANGKOK via SWATOW... HAIPHONG FOISOW

6th May, daylight

"CHOYSANG" ...Saturday, "WAISHING* ...Sunday, 7th May, dayligh ... "TATSHING"

Tuesday, 2th May, Noon. "TAKSANGTM

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SHANGHAI via SWATOW STRAITS « CALUJUTTA MANILA .......___*___**** KUBE via SHANGHAI SANDAKAN

HANGSANG ...Wednesday, 10th Amy, Noon, "KUMSANG Wednesday 10th May 3pm.

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...Friday, 12th May, daylight STRATES & CALCUTTA

16th May, No Wednesday, 17th, May 3pm. CALOUTTA LIVE-This Lino affords regular silinga te Calcutta, Fouang and

Singapore, returning from Calenta steamers proceed via Burts and Hong rong to Japan, occasionally calling si Shanghai All steamers have expellent passenger accommodation, ste Stted with Elastele Light and Fans and carry a fully-qualified Bargeon.

BHANGHAI LINE:-Slings approzum

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| HAIPHONG LINE?"The Abery, weekly for passengers and orgs

EYE COMFORT means better health and better results from your work, and if your eyes require glasses you have careful and expert examination in fitting the proper corred tion. Eye comfort requires sko just so

The forces of Germany, Austria, and Bulgaria are to remain as defined in the peace treaties. That is to say, Germany, is to have 100,000 men, but France is expert care in the manufacture, and allowed her Colonial army, her reserve adjustment of your glasses. You wil and territorial forces, and to "have find it worth while to consult a reliable schemes of mobilizations. "

Germany can have none of these things, firm, devoted exclusively to optical work; Therefore, provided always that such an over ten years experience in the Colony. agreement can be enforced, the security You will find no better equipment any of France is well assured.

Generally, then, the proposed ratio takes where than in the office and factory of icto account the past history and the geo- The Hongkong Optical Co., successors to graphical situation of the powers concern Clark & Co., Manufacturing and Be ed. It leaves France the predominant

military power in Europe, just as the fracting Opticians, located in 53, Queen's Washington agreement leaves na the pro- Road Central-Anvs. dominant naval power in Europe.

FINANCIAL RELIEF.

The schema aims at a general and agreed reduction of the standing, armies of Europe, while taking dur cognisance of facts which cannot be ignored.

If Lord Esher's proposal or some modi froation of it goes through, it will mean immense financial relief to Europe, and will prevent that Continent from again becoming a great armed camp in times of peace.

Thers are,

however, two obvious dif ficulties. Bassin is not included, and other Powers will require substantial guarantees that the armed forces of Ger raany will not be increased beyond those stipulated by the Treaty of Versailes.

(Continued at foot of neat column.)

A GREAT PAUN..

cultics seems to me to be to add to The way to get over those · dit

pact, which shall include Germany, by Lord Esher's scheme general European which each of the Powers accepting the scheme guarantee all the others immediate aid in the event of unprovoked aggression, or of an attempt to evade the agreement.

Such a pact has for some time past beca oed by Lord Robert Cecil, and it ppears to be a necessary concomitant of Lord Esher's plan.

Even in its prosent form that plan is a great advance upon a haphazard reduc- tion of armed forces due to financial prea

$170.

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Fortnightly

Balinge

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For Freight or Passage apply to

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Jardine, Matheson & Co., Ltd.,

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GENERAL MANAGERS.

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KAWASAK

KISEN

AURIT

Elephans: Žakuly-

{KAWASAKI STEAMSHIP (63

VAPITAL. PAID-DP

President Mr. Y. KÄwasani.

KAISHA

120.000.000

Vice-President: Mr. K. MattwKAZŁ. Managing Directori Mr. Masaya Axx)

nagCompany has on kund'altares Number at

NEW CARGO STEAMERS

ALWAYƐ KRADY FOR

CHARTERS of a descriptions,

The following new comprimé zn. the Compley's Fleet ins

Eleven steamore of 9,100 tons each deadweight; And under the Company's Management pa

Twenty, steamers of about 9,100 tons desdweight ssok: Two steamers of about 6,400 tons deadweight wOŽÍ (Balenging to the Kawanshi Dooleysel Co., Tái)

His Fany other articulars apoly to the

KAWASAKI KISEN KAISHA