1917-09-04 — Page 7

MESOPOTAMIA,

LORD HARDINGE'S DEFENCE.' CENSURE FOR MEDICAL FAILURE ACOEPTED.

Lord Harding, Viceroy of India from 1910 to 1916, and now Permanent Under- Secretary for Foreign Affairs, replied in the flouse of Lords to the criticisms pass od upon him by the Mesopotamia. Com missioners. The following (says The Timer) was the chief points in his spehe War Effort of India. The Com-

mission did not give suficient pro minence to the unexampled effort made by India at the outset of the war and to the generosity of her contributions, which could not fail to hamper her

Que

THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS. TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 4TH, 1017,

HOW LONDON WAS BOMBED

GERMAN PILOT'S STORY.

MAGNIFICENTLY TERRIFIC

SPECTACLE.".

that

SHIPPING AND EXCESS PROFITS.

INTEREST DEBATE IN THE COMMONS.

of the pre-war military adminis- our success are our, predominant emotions.dustry for special taxation. It was arrangement from the point of view of profits, while it would lay the burden on:

always difficult to define what was an ancillary business. The Chancellor of the

FURTHER CRITICISM.

Mr. Pringle suggested that, luving yielded to popular alamour in regard to the treatment of shipowners, the Govern ment would be obliged, whon the facts which were now coming to light became

their

Mr. Holt said there seemed to be a

appear from certain of the speeches that the Ministerial pledges which were given. the Government would have been entitled As to the question whether it was wise to deal with shipowners more unjustly and expedient to break theso darma he provided they had dealt with them in an would point out that any changes in pub other way. As matter of fact it was suglic policy would create a sense of in- gested to him, and the suggesting was security in trade and industry. Many carefully considered, whether they ought people invested money in ships at high A vivid description of the Inst German In the House of Commons, recently, not to take shipowners out of the excess prices on the faith of the 1916 Act, and air raid on London by the commander of one of the enemy aeroplanes was tele during the Committee stage of the duty altogether and fix a definito stand at the request of the Government to assist graphed to the New York Times from Finance Bill, on Clause 19 (Special pro- beyond that. That would have been deal-stances he thought, it would be unwigo to ard and say there should be no profits national trade, and under these circum- anticipant in the raid of visions as to deficiencies and losses of ing much more harshly with them. As list, hear The proposal of the Goy- Berlin recently under the

break pledge which had been given. The German airman tells how anxious shipping concerns) considerable debatement ought not to have allowed ship would pay the shipowner not to use his he had said more than once, the Governornment would have the result that it they are, the evening before a raid, the weather conditions shall be good and took place on an amendment moved by owners to make the profits they did shine, because he would keep the enor how they consult Herr Professor, who Mr. Holt to provide that where o ship (Her, hear:) He did not attribute blame mous profts he and made and as the close to the shipowners they had done precise of the war would have his ships intact. promises them fair skies. At 10 o'clock

owner carried on an ancillary business, what others had done the fault was He was quite sure, however, that, not the next morning preparations are com pleted, and the commander of the air such as underwriting and insuring his the fault of the Government. Surely withstanding the tax, the shipowners squadron addresses a few words to his own ships, he should be entitled to make to do was to deal with the matter in the their ability for the benefit

what the Chancellor of the Exchequer had would use their ships to the utmost of God men, concluding with an unctuous

the State; further operations elsewhere,

bless lach. The squadron rises in the same doductions for excess profits duty fairest way he could, and he did not be but was wise to pass legislation which

you, -Internal and Frontier Affairs-Ade-

lieve there was any fairminded man in would put a premium on lax and ineff- as a shipowner who insured outside. quate weight was not given in the the air, and soon the Belgian coast comes

He agreed that it report to the risks and pre-occupa into view. The narrator continues:

Mr. Lealic Scott in supporting the the country who would contend that ancient management? We can recognize the man in the machine

had tions of the Government of India

arrangement which allowed the trade to most pernicious public effect to sev during 1914 and 1915; a connection lying nearest to us and signals and greet amendment said it was an illustration of get back all their losses this year and any industry making extravagant profits, with internal and frontier affairs. ings are exchanged. A feeling of desolate the vice of picking out a particular in-with the probability at the worst had the disease. This proposal would let rff but they should let the remedy apply to 3.The. Military Budget-The Ginancial security and an indomitable confidence in

they would make some profit, was a bad those who sold their fleets and took their side tration was in excess of the maximum Now our leader turns to the left. We are

those who continued to do their duty and fixed by the Nicholson Committee. In above the sea and the coast line gradually

equity.

There had no doubt boon great-oxag-- run their chips efficiently. He would not The barographs indicate the light of after events, he recognized disappears.

geration as to the effect of froights on go into the lobby against the Government considerations ought to have been is a cloud bank; still more distant in Exchequer agreed with the principle of prices, but let not the Committee suppose on a definite proposal which they regard that possibly all ordinary financial higher altitudes. In front, but far below,

if the Secretary of State and the hazy atmosphere is the English coast. averaging losses against-profits embodied that it was negligible. There were many ed as essential for their annual finance,. Bacrificed India Council would have agreed. We notice our comrades in other machines in the Finance Act of 1915, but refused commodities where excessive freights had but he earnestly appealed to them to 4-The Advance on Baghdad. The full painting to the coastline. They nod at

that other countries were amassing re posal. The natural desire to take away telegraphic correspondenos showed each other and seem highly enthusiastic to apply that principle to shipping. Take adverse influence. It was said reconsider whether this was a wise pro- that the Government of India were We pass the cloud bank and see the Eng the case of a company like the P. & O., serves of money to build ships. What these extravagant profits would not stop strongly opposed to an advance on tish sentinel boats stretched in long lines.

The guarantee was there, if excessive profita bere, and if it was desired to deal special. Through the hazy veil the mouth of the which did its own marine risks. Baghdad without reinforcements. It

We approach Sheer underwriting account was a tremendous be spent in shipbuilding? There was no at which it aimed.

were allowed to continue, that they would with these particular profits it should be by a scheme which would hit the evil might be contended that they ought to Thames appears. have maintained their veto, but hones, which ought to know us, on the left. asked whether such a course would In a straight line we make for London, one, but it was in every sense of the guarantee. Even shipowners, if they wore have been justified in view of the and now the first British shots reach our

word ancillary to the business of ship-wise, would not invest money in ships! obvious political advantages of the altitude, but that matters not. Onward

a good investment. capture of Baghdad, of the strong we fly. Soon the bombardment dies away ping; yet the Chancellor refused to allow antess they thought it was going to be pressure from home, and of the unani and the squadron oloses in, moving higher. them to average losses and profits.

PERSONAL EXPERIENCE. The Chancellor of the Exchequer, in military opinion in favour of it. We follow the windings of the Thames

He would give the Committee the effect This was only revealed when it was gond, but another clandbank appears-reply, said that there seemed to be some these excess profits had. He said it ad- known, to take similar measures with re The Inadequacy Biver Transport.- and find we are speedily approaching our

however snail was the too late to make it good, althoug this time!" I write my fears on a picce part, of the business which was not strictivvisedly that if they had allowed profitslation to farmers, who had heon among

Damn it all, shall our game bo spoiled feeling that everything possible WIN dope to

of paper and hand it to my pilot, and i shipping, it should bear no part of the of this kind and on this scale to go on, the greatest profiteers, and munition remedy it.

disadvantages imposed on the shipping the more it became known among all firms, who had contributed only a beggar -The Medical Breakdown. He could see his fist coming down.

classes of the community- the more uselessly £4,000,000 or £5,000,000 from only confere to having been completely and I look around after my comrades, who thing to be said for that view.

Five minutes pass in anxious suspense business by the clause. There was some

Ho would it would have been to make claims upon enormous gains. deceived by the misleading reporte received from the front, and to that Then wo pass that cloudbank and Lon: possible for anything to be done to give the war. (Hear, hear.) He rather dis- aro still following in close formation. make inquiries and see whether it was anybody to make sacrifices in carrying on extent be must accept full responses of houses stretches in a vast effect to the views of the Committee. liked giving his own experiences in ahip- Bibility But the moment the truth

ping, because he was really ashamed of dawned upon him he made every effort expense far below us. We now discover (Hear, hear.)

it. It was utterly disgraceful that in a within his power to remedy the situa- the first of the English chasing airmon,

time of war any class of the community, but for the present they do not concern 1. Suddenly there stand as if by magic

while others were suffering every kind of hore and there in our couree little clouds

privation, should be able to make large of cotton woel, the groetings of enemy

profts such as he would point our. It guns. They multiply with astonishing

was not the fault of the shipowners; it rapidity. We fly through them and leave

was the fault of the Government, but it was absolutely disgraceful that it should London that must be hit. We see the roys, Lord Curzon and Lord Lansdowne, and two former Secretaries of State for street Station, the Bank of England, the

different shipping companies under the management of seven different owners. India, Lord Crewe and Lord Midleton. Atarins unlight. There are ships in the

He admitted they were all tramp steam Admiralty all sharply outlined in the The peoresses gallery was full. There

Mr. Denniss said that those shipowners era, and it might be possible that they With my was quite a press of Privy Councillors Thames that look like toys. on the steps of the Throne. Among thous glasses in one band I signal with the

did better than liners. He had no reason who had held on to their ships and were to doubt that this was a fair representa now getting very low profits had for the in the crowded House of Commons gallory, of streets pass through the small circle of repaid or set off if the percentage stand- tion of the profits of the owners of tramp past two years and a half received enor

other to my pilot and slowly the long rows wore Sir Archibald Williamson, one of

steamers during the war. The sum of mous profits and were well able to sub- the Mesopotamian Commissioners. Lord the glasses.

money he invested in shipping was £8,110,mit to the suggested modifications of the Hardinge spoks for a little over an hour

Five per cent, interest on that, which in

It had been pointed out in the from the table opposite Ministers,

and

At last it is time. I give the signal,

ordinary times he should have been glad Stutist that their gross earnings in 1916 although he kept his eyes for the most

and in less time than it takes to tell i part on

his manuscript, he was clearly have pushed the levers. 1 anxiously

to get, would be £400. For the year 1916, were 410 millions, compared with 127 mil heard in every corner of the Chamber. follow the flight of the released bombs.

instead of £405 he received £3,024; for the ions in 1912. They had made a net profit 250 millions in 1916 as against 20 mil The

peera are never a very demonstrative With a tremendous crash they strike the

year 2010 he received £3,347,N

lions in 1013. The man in the street: body, and they listened to Lord Hardinge terrific spectacle, seen from mid-air. Pro heart of England. It is a magnificently

wanted to know who paid that 250 mil with the deepest interest, but in almost tiles from hostile hatteries are splutter-out for special taxation.

lions. It came out of the pockets of Mr. Dennis Was that after paying carried. They ought not to squal when those who bought the goods those ships At the outset Lord Hardinge expresseding and exploding beneath and all around

excess profits? his regret that the Commissioners did not us, while below the earth seems rocking include a lawyer and that the evidence and houses are disappearing in craters could not he published. He sought to and conflagration in the light of the dissipate the impression that India had glaring su made no serious effort in the war, and In a few minutes all is over and the submitted

ik budget of interesting squadron tuzas One last look at the statistics. Approximately 80,000 British panic-stricken metropolis and we are off I nod to my pilot, officers and men and 210,000 Indian on our home course. officers and man, all fully trained and indicating that everything is all right; he equipped, had been dispatched overses.

answers in the same way. We have got I was a fuet, too, that early in the war somewhat behind the squadron, but "wo the British garrison was reduced to about soon duke up for a little bout with!

the distance. 15,000 men, the safety of India being thus

Now we are imperilled in the interests of the Empire English chasers. They do not let us wait as a whole. Indeed, India was bied very long. As we reach the suburbs the absolutely white during this period. His first three English airmen suddenly next aim was to remove the impression appear in front of us, seeking to block that the Mesopotamian campaign was the our fight. At 100 or 200 yards distance sole nre-occupation of the Indian Govern both sides open fire. Then from several ment. He told the House a faller story directions the attacking British machines than it had tward before of the anxiety reach us. They appear from below, then vaused by frontier raids and internal from the right or left, or above us. My junrest fomented by German conspirators. pilot is watching with eagle eyes, while I

Coming to the question of the first with my hand on the gun lever, am not advance upon Baghdad, Lord Hardinge slow to give attack for attack to the dare argued that the views of the Government devil who exposes himself to my machine of India were clearly expressed in the Twies we just evade terrific onslaught. telegram in which it was definitely stated Two hostile pilots tura and do not coms that, unless an Indian division was dis-back, but the third is a brave and tena- patched from France, an advance could cious follow. not be carried out. He quoted from his telegrams

tion.

A MAIDEN SPEECH.

The amendment was by leave with drawn.

An amendment was agreed to adding a third proviso to the clause by which if in any such accounting period as afore said there has been a loss or the profits

It was Lord Hardingo's maiden speech, and the circumstances in which it was delivered made the ordeal more than usually trying. The peers had mustered in great strength to hear his vindication. the suburbs behind as; it is the heart of have not reached the point which would

Among his heaters were two other ex-Vice- bridges, the Tower of London, Liverpool. have involved liability to excess profits have been allowed. Ho invested in 15

unbroken silence.

DROPPING THE BONUS.

duty if the percentage standard had been spects the deficiency or loss or so much adopted, the same amount shall, as re- thereof as is affected by this sectiozi, be repaid or set off under sub-section 3 of the said section 38 as would have been

ard had been adopted.'

SHIPPING PROFITS.

In a discussion on the question that the clanse as amended stand port of the Bill Mr. Leslis Scott said that from the national point of view it was essential accumulate reserves rather than be singled that shipowners should be allowed to.

Mr. Leif Jones averred that the Gov ernment wore making a great mistake in discriminating against shipowners, and were trading upon popular clamour in regard to large profits to treat them an- justly. Shipping was the very last trade that he would have expected the Govern ment to treat differentially to its disad- vantage, especially in view of the U-boat campaign, which in large measure was directed against the supremacy of our mercantile marine,

ter.)

Mr. Duncan-Good Lord! (Laugh-

Mr. Bonar Law-Yes.

ridiculous idea abroad that there was something meritorious in getting the lowest percentage of retairn on capital. He protested against penalizing the man who had carried on his business with ex- ceptional efficiency. He argued that the maximum amount of the rise in the price of bread that by any stretch of the im agination could be attributed to rise in freights would be a penny in the pound and objected to the differential treatment of shipowners.

Sir J. Walton thought the treatment of the shipowners by the Government would be disastrous to commerce.

tax.

of

the Government imposed a modification of the law in their case to show that it

fitooring.

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Mr. Hogge-What about conscience intended to stop the gross system of pro- money?

The Clause, as amended, was agreed to. Mr. Bonar Law said that did not end the matter. Prudent managing ship-

Mr. Houston, relying subsequently to exners did not divide all the profits, Mr. Bonar Law (who, he said had There was something to come to him

"burned King's evidence"), explained later. One of these steamers had either made by the right hon. gentleman after the that the "scandalous profits were been sold or sunk, he did not know which. Government had requisitioned the fine Either way she had been turned into Mr. Houston defonded shipowners money for himself. In that ship he had new steamers of the big liner companies and left the field to the trampy old against the charge, which he said had been £200, and after the very handsome divid. rattletraps bought at the price of old made in a section of the Press, of being end which he received, on liquidation he iron. Glasgow owned, and run with all rapacious profiteers, and contended that received a cheque for a little over 21,000. the rigid economy of which a Scotsman the Government knew perfectly well that That was not his only experience. There is capable," vessels, he hinted, which the the shipowner was not responsible for was another shipping company in which Government would be ashsated to com The other day he mandeor, and vessels which the companies the rise in the price of food. After the he invested £350. outbreak of war there was no increase in received letter from the managing themselves sold at the first opportunity. fights for some months, and it was owners of that company saying that be

"I don't call that shipowning," he said pot until the Government embarked upon cause the cost of building was so high and scornfully. I call that speculating in the Dardanelles Expedition, and further was likely to continue high that it was ships." One firm which had 20 steamers of those side-shows such as Mesopotamia not probable they would wish to invest had sold all bus 3. Was that the kind; and Saloniks and all that sort of thing, the money in ships for a long time to of shipping firm on which the country that freights began to advance, and it was come; therefore they were going to make was going to rely to bring the cargoes wo due to the laches of the Government and a division out of the surplus capital. For needed 1 not of the shipowners that freights were that 2360 capital on this division he re- He asked Mr. Bonar Law to tell the For 10 minutes we fire at each other high. The Government had neglected for seived a cheque for £1,050. That was the House the names of the vessels in which Bassages not included in the report, Huing for an opening, suddenly maker for the result that when war broke out they that the Government had allowed ship- had been under the management of a of a pound a day in many instances, to the Secretary of State falaost incessantly. My opponent, look years the building of light cruisers, with trade they were ruining. The mere fact he made his money, suggesting that they covery which puts on flesh at the rate had said in one of them that the capture us and showers bullets on our machine, had no light cruisers to defend our trade owners to make these excessive profits was gentleman who now occupied a high in the Government. For

rounds out the gure and makes thin of Baghdad would create an immense I can see or feel that bullets have strack routes, and they had to call upon our no reason for treating them unjustly position impression in the Middle East, and would, but I know I have got him, I send a merchant shipping. They took away the now; but in view of the profits they had two years the Chancellor said nothing folks fat up even if they have been

about salvation

his profits. Why had he only now

Boraway for years. counteract the unfortunate impression whole sheaf of bullets into his body; his fast passengers steamers of great tonnage made in the past, for them to consent to

"Perhaps it was

Don't shut your eyes and say "Impos- created by the recent want of success in machine rears up like a wounded animal, very wasteful and a very dangerous an arrangement which woud practically

because all the vessels in which he was

sible!" Put this new treatment to the the Dardanelles. At the same time, he turns a comersault, and disappears in the thing for these ships. Then, again, we guarantee them 15 per cent, profit, after interacted had now been requisitioned. test. The test will tell. It is no sign had made it plain that it was for the depths. This is the first enemy I have handed over so much of our tonnage to they had taken control, and after they Mr. Bonar Law replied that all he had that you must remain skinny and under. British Government to decide whether and defeated over British soil. Three cheers! our Allies that we had a shortage, and had said they would limit their profits, said was to try to show that shipowners weight the rest of your life, even if you how the Indian forces could be used with Already the British coast is in view the Government had to fall back on would be unfair to other industries and as a class were in a position to bear

have vainly tried every "4fattener" you the best possible effect, He felt himself again, but more fighting awaits us. This neutral tonnage. It was largely due to to the tax-payors of this country. (Hear, special taxation.

ever heard of. justified in saying that, had the later tele time their attacks are easily beaten off the chartering and employment of neutral hear.)

Mr. Bartley Dennis quoted figures to

This new discovery calls for no diet grams from the Secretary of State to Our machine reaches the coast and closes tonnage by the Government that the cost

MR. MCKENNA'S VIEWS. General Nixon and himself not been dis-up with the rest of the squadron. While of tonnage was so high. Moat was car-

show that in 1816 our shipowners made a shunts, no detention from business. You profit of £250,000,000 on a capital of harmless to the most delicate system, and go about as usual, eat what you liks. It is patched, the force would have remained I am reloading my machinegun my pilot ried at a total freight of 1d. to 1d."per Mr. McKenna said the statement of the £200,000,000, and that after at Kut.

paying contains no cils, emulsions, nor alcohol, discovers a new enemy. By his tactics Iib. from the Argentine and Australia, and Chancellor of the Exchequer was one of £115,000,000 sxcess profits duty they had Just a concentrated tabloid which can be reognize him as Turning to the question of medical fish in two of those astute Bug yet there had been increases to the extent the most convincing candour he had ever £135,000,000 left.

taken privately. Your nearest frienda need not know what Squipment he admitted frankly and Somme battle. Perhaps we had met there of 18. That was not due to the shipowner heard, and assuming his objects were

you

until doing regretfully that there had been serious for a short time we fly almost parallel, the Exchequer to exonerate them fromises, and therefore there were only two and he called upon the Chancellor of affected by the clause he had acted wisely. He (Mr. MeKenna) nccepted all his pre

you astonish them with visible and shortcomings, and shared the horror and both preparing to attack. Suddenly he

GERMAN REPRISALS AGAINST

increase of weight indignation which the revelation of the turns sharply to the left, and there he is the charge. The paint he wanted to make points to consider were they precluded

PROMINENT BELGIANS.

thinness is

Very mortifying, suferings of the troops had created. He not 20 yards distant. Our machine-guns was that this legislation against ship- from acting as the Government proposed

men never look

real money. disclaimed any desire to shirk

any pour lead into each other and suddenly owners, picking them out from all others by any pledges that had been given, and

They are pushed aside in the race for responsibility which was his dug, but it his gun stops dead. It must have jammed. by a provision which was penal in its did the clause substantially effect the ob threat to take reprisals for the alleged popular, Dress will not hide skin and The Germana have carried out their acc Bony women are seldom very was not easy to know what further per- He turns sharply and tries to fly, but my character, was unfair. It should be made ject of the Government? With regard to ill-treatment of Germans by the Belgians bones. All men admire fine figures. Take emptory action he could have taken with machine-gun catches him squarely broad known to the public that the shipowner the pledges given, it was to the effect that in German East Africa. A trustworthy Bargol and get out of the featherweight out exposing himself to the charge of side and down he goes. Just 20 seconds was not the harpy he was held up to be the period of the excess profits tax should report reaches me (says The Timer special clana, podg excessive civilian interference in military of fight and all is over, old friend of last and was not responsible for the increase at the conclusion of the war be treated correspondent at The Hague) that the

in the cost of living Summing up, Lord Hardinge

se one taxing period, which would allow Germans have seized 23 distinguished.

A, B. WATSON & Co., LID., to his 37 years of honourable service under pointed

the taxpayer to make allowance for any Belgians, without warning, and have re-

VICTORIA DISPENSARY, *THE FAULT OF THE GOVERNMENT.

loss he might have sustained, the Crown, and insisted that, if he had

A second moved them from Belgium to the most

THE PHARMAUY, NA QUILS' DISPENSARY, failed in his duty, such a verdict should Lord Hardinge went back to his seat on there was nothing ho should like better close of the war to write down that ship Count Jean d'Oultremont, King Leo- The Chancellor of the Exchequer aid pledge was also given that a person who notorious punishment camp in Germany. hired a new ship should be entitled at the The Belgians include the septuagenarian only be given in the light of India's the cross-benches Lord Curzon at once than to have a division, taken in order to to its pre-war value. The effect of that pold's Lord Chamberlain, also Count military effort taken as a whole and of the internal situation in the vast rose, and, after a tribute to the dignity test the sense of the House on the proposal would be to give him a loss, in the last d'Ursel, who is 67 years old. These 23 Empire. Such a verdict, too, should be and candeur of Lord Hardinge's speech, of the Government in this matter. He reinforced, not only by his fellow country recommended the House to avoid any dis repudiated the suggestion of any breach ear which he would be able to set against Belgians all had directorial or other con men at home, but by his fellow subjects cussion on the merits of the case until the of undertaking given by his predecessor were accepted by the House, but it was of the two Counte is characteristically his previous profite. Both these pledges nections with the Congo. The treatment. in India, to whose continued conadence act debate on the whole question. The in office, or that the Government were pre obvious the House could not bind itself Gorman. and good opinion he attached the highest peers took the advice of their Leader, and cluded from dealing with the trade in a against the future, and he thought they from their homes, with only what they They were removed suddenly the House proceeded with the orders of particular way if it was in the national were perfectly free to reconsider the Act stood up in and were sent to Germany (Continued at foot of next column.} } the day.

interest that it should be done. It would of 1915 and vary it quite regardless of with no covering but a rough railway rug.

matters.

value.

THE MEDICAL DEFECTS.

summer!

There were some sympathetic choora as

Thin

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