1916-09-22 — Page 7

THE HONGKONG DAHIT PRESS, FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 22nd, 2018.

IN THE BALKAN EXPRESS. GERMAN MILITARY CRITIC'S

FROM BERLIN TO CON- STANTINOPLE.

A PERSONAL NARRATIVE.

The impressions of a traveller who recently made the journey from Berlin to Constantinople bij The “Balkanzug " " zure given in the following article.]

TORDY..

says

TRIBUTE TO BRITISH

WORKERS.

WARNING HINT ABOUT BRUSSILOFF.

HOLLAND'S POSITION IN

-FEARS BOTH GERMANY AND

BRITAIN

[DY WILLIAM C. BULLITI. ]

were exported to Germany during the period December, -1915, to March, 1910.

Nearly all the native products of Hal- fland, however, continue to be sold to Germany. For the period of January to Afarch the export to Germany" was: Butter, 8418 tons, cheese, 22,316 tons; egga, 1910 tons; fish- 21,174

and

meats, 29,235 tons) ag

JAVA-CHINA-JAPAN

The smuggling from Holland to Ger many and Belgium has ceased. The first 12 months of the war were the golden days for smugglers. And there are thou-TJJBODAS sands of highly respectable Dutchmen

copper or rubber or grain. There are a who have now retired to live on the pre-

ecds of few weeks of night work with NIKINI thousand stories of the smuggling in the first your of the war. Undoubtedly it was very extensive. Then one might smuggle by the car load and even by the trainlond

LIJN

REGULABATORENIGHTLY — SERVICES BETWEEN: — JAVA, CHINA AND JAPAN, YE

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25th Sept

25th Sept

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24th Sept

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6th Oct,

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The Bosszmare are all files a Huilted number of fisioon Fi

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throngboxi with Hilastrio Light and have sommamuiation for agues, All aimaiers onery a daly qualified surgeon, CargĆ En Kotiterlande India and Australia.

and Pammes, apply to the

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In view of Queen Wilhelmina's speech to the States General on the subject of Colonel Gaedke, the famous military

Holland's neutrality briefy reported critic who now writes in the Socialist

in our cables yesterday--the following Vorwaerts, is much the coolest and sober-

article by an American writer will be est writer on the war in the German

read with interest complet Press, and certainly the one most worth Twice a week a train of Beyesi cars pulls reading. His article on the situation a perhaps the Dutchman lives by the rule More than any other man in the world Into Berlin. It is labelled in foot-high few days ago contained a number of which Mr. Roosevelt would have America letters throughout all its length generalisations that are worth noting adopt for its very own! Fear God "Balkanzu's." This is the much-Jauded

Berlin Constantinople express which Apropos of the battle on the Somme, he and Take Your Own Part." Like the Conveys military officers and officials to

American, the Dutchman has a stronger and from the Turkish capital. It has **Lloyd George announced to his coun-sose of his rights than of his duties. He been much talked about, and for some trymen that the first guarantee of victory loves Freedom of personal action ho GUTE COAL FROM GERMANY. lime before it was actually running it is an inexhaustible supply of munitions, hates discipline. He is a proud, rather But Holland cannot afford to show her was held up to the world as another of The English have taken this advice and selfish, individualist without a trace of hostility by any definitely hostile acts, the wonders of the war as waged by Ger prepared enormous supplies of guns of the quixotic in his nature. To the ques for her economic life depends upon the the boasiess onlibre for their great offen- tion, .... Are you pro-Ally or pro-Gor-imports which come to her by the grace That it was a wonderful feat to run a sive. They have never for moment man nine Dutchman in ten will an- of Germany, as well as those which come Aruitt from the German capital to Conincked ammunition for these during the wone presses by the grace of England stantinople is disputed, but the work of weeks that the offensive has continued him further, the Dutchman will nearly Holland needs the cont, iron,

dyes preparation for the through run was

For almost 4 month unde excellent preparations for the dels pro-rench, but I am anti everybody to in which Bagland lets pass. Without Industry and science have apparently always reste 100. 1. am pro-Belgian tuffs, medicines and cannon which come stupendon one.

to her from Germany as much as the After the advertised time of running the sined victory; the refusal of the English Is is almost safe to say that every per- German coal and iron Holland's Train was still lying in the railway yards workers to take any holidays has stood

ships at Berlin. The difficulties in the way the test. The fighters at home have done son in the nation is anti-German, if one cannot gail, and her industries must of the engineers were very great, and not all they could to shatter German resist adds at once that every person in the close their doors. In spite of the war, the least serious of these were the ravages ance by a deluge of bursting shells".

nation is anti-English. All the Dutch Germany continues to be the source of that had been made on the permanent

object to the way in which England and nearly all the high-grade coal used by way by the Serbians before they left their classes, Colonel Geedke applies the needed the beginning of the war, whether the war the Dutch have raised the production After this tribute to the British working Germany have treated their nation since the Dutch. Since the beginning of the country. Every bridge of any preten- sions was blown up. One or more spans corrective. Mr. Lloyd George would have individual Dutchman to whom one is of their own coal mines in Limburg tron been right only of the German artillery spanking objects more to Germany than to about 1,700,000 tons a year to about were missing. and the German military had been so overwhelmed as to bere England depends on whether he is an 2,000,000 tons a year. And two-thirds NETH. INDIA, MANILA, HONGKONG & SAN FRANCISCO, engineers had a difficult task in repairing duced to impotence. That is not the Ameterdam aristocrat or a Rotterdam instead of one-third of the production of

The obtaining of a permit to travel case, and the enemy will have to be business man. on the Balkan express is a matter of taught that German heavy guns, too, extremo -difficulty." Every passenger, are being increased and that the German after a flurough examination, is provided machine-guns, in the hands of skilled and with a train ticket like a passport, which cool soldiers, rule the battlefield. in fact it really in. It bears the portrait Turning to the Eastern front, he gives

front, he a of the traveller and all particulars of a warning hint :--- Use to the police and the military. These particulars are written in German and Turkish, for the train is supposedly own ed and run by the two countries. As matter of fact this is the cause of a great deal of friction between the two Govern

The true state of the affair is that the train is a Turkish train when it is in Ottoman territory, but immediately It leaves it becomes a German train: All

these:

ments.

the train attendants aro Germans.

THE MARK OF THE TRUTOS.

(I consider it wrong to say, as one often hears, that the decision of the war lies in the West. The decision will take hensive that the defeated sido is put out

place where a victory is won so compre

** A PLAGUE ON BOTH." these mines is now consumed in Holland. The Dutch coal is very inferior to the To Germany and England Hollan says: "A plague on both your houses. Westphalian product, having only 60 per Not only does the Dutchman take cent of its fuel value, and is not adapted his own part," and no one else's in the to the use of steamships and of most in- great war, but also be fears God and the source of three-fourths of Holland's dustries. Roughly speaking, Germany is

worth noting that the Clerical party, IRON VITAL TO DUTOR. ——————— Searing God, lears no one else. (1), is composed of a Catholic-Protestant coal When the Clerman Government issued

coal supply tion, is the largest in the State. At the bottom of the Dutchman's sturdy indivian edict fixing the rate of exchange of of action for an indefinite period mast and will remain an independent conts, the Dutch remarked that the Ger duality is the conviction that Holland it had been before the war, 39 Disteh the mark in Holland at the point where

finally acknowledges bis defeat. Were the Central Powers able to attain this atation so long as there are nations on the mans might as well try to fix the price any point, the game would be up for the Germany swallows them, she will never fallen to 30 cents. But shortly after the earth. The Dutch believe that if ever of the mark in Mars. The mark had enemy; for neither of their separated be able to digest them The only fear deorce Dutch importers of iron received halves can resist our united strength that oppresses Holland in the present notice that Germany had put an embargo The same, of course, holds for the other side. A decisive victory by Brassiloft War, and produces her war scares, is fear would speedily and irrevocably depress of unasked assistance on the export of iron and that their con the balance against us.

This is the first serious hint of the danger to the East that has yet appeared in a German newspaper. Most of the military critics prefer to leave that front alone or to refer only to its northern

section,

The Dutch do not fear a military at tack by Germany. Although many Ger mans have talked of a free German Ehine from surce to mouth, the Dutch believe that the present war has proved the value to Germany of a surrounding belt of amalt neutral nations through which supplies may be brought in time of war. Moreover, Dutch military men point out that Holland is worth four army corps to Germany, since she gives

to

T

The iron was vital to Dutch industry, All through the train there are notices warning the travellers as to talking of

English and American iron was not in tracts for iron were void,

military matters and suggesting that

the Dutch market, owing to preoccupa spies are everywhere. They are plastered

tion with other orders and the high ocean in every carriage and in all the corridors,

freight rates. Dutch users of iron were in addition they are bu all the stations

dismay until they received word from Until one becomes almost sick of the sight

their German dealers that the Gorman of them

Government had been persuaded to fiff As the rain passes through the

the various

the embargo. Moreover, said the Ger countries along the route the populace is immensely interested. The stops are short none longer than 30 minutes; atly, transport and commissariat, to says perfect protection to Germany's right exactly the same rate, 100 marks por mans, wo will renew the contracts at Dresden only seven minutes are allowed. nothing of medical stores and equipment, fank, and they do not believe that Ger-paid for now at the rate of 59 Dutch ton, but, of course, each mark must bo are expected to keep to the platform. For kept quite distinct from thee where has not enough men to take on a new The Dutch Passengers may not leave the station, but are lacking. The Turkish troops are many will throw away this protection.

Further, they insist that, Germany our Government says that, is its value. cents, instead of 30 Dutch cents, because the most part the travellers are German and especially in Constantinople, where and Austrian officers and officials, but a friction between theso allies is so atcong quarrel with a nation which has a well

the contracts lew Turks use the train for journeys as that one wonders how the Gotmap régime trained army DF 400,000 men and his furen Menghin farren as Berlin, where now the tarbual stands at all. It is only due to the fact unique system of water defence. There is the importation of all

England is now threatening to stop may be seen in the streets that the Germans are there in such um however, conviction among the most in-

commodities which Running through Serbia the most im- bors and supply the organizing ability fluential men of Holland that if Ger are used in the production of commodities pressive signs of the Gorman occupation and the backbone that the Turks lack that many is victorious to such an extent that pretation of international law has been which are sent to Germany This inter- were the encampments of the troops they have been enabled to hold on at all she becomes dictator of the Continent, carried so far that common jest in alongside the permanent way. There are

There are two great wireless stations she will bring insupportable economic huge notices up at all the stations warn in Constantinople, almost side by side, pressure upon Holland to force Holland Holland now is: The difficulty shout the milway. No one is allowed on the the Ottoman and the German Govern German Empire. This, the Dutch fear farmers who raise cabbages which are g the inhabitants to keep away from One is supposed to be the joint station of to come into & Customs Union with the importing cotton yarns is that they e woven into shirts which are “Wom - by platforms because the whole country, is still infected with typhus, and there has ments. As a matter of fact the Germans would be the first move toward their in- to be the most rigorous supervision for snage everything with regard to it, and corporation as a State in the Empire sold to Germany." this reason. All along the line may be the Turks are masters of it in fancy only, and the fear of this eventuality is at the The other station is frankly German bottom of Holland's hope that Germany seen the trenches and the rusty barbed It in worked by Germaans and guarded by say not be overwhelmingly victorious wire entanglements that tell of the fight them with the utmost care, and 10 WOULD REAIST TO THE END ing months ago. At each little fortifed Turkish subject is allowed near it encampment German soldiers have plant- ed vegetable gardens over which may be There are Germans everywhere in Con read the legend, ** Kriegsacker ** (“War stantinople. There are German soldiers Garden”). There were no signs of their and German sailors. The latter are from having planted any wheat or graining the Goelsen and the Breslau, which are Through Serbia nearly all the bridges now lying up a side basin of that of any ire had been destroyed, at least Bosphorus. It is evident that the latter partially. Often whole spans had been has finished her career. Her stern is all bylown out. In many cases the Germans buift up with masonry and concrete, and had replaced these, moving them bodily this has shaken loose, for the optimistic have 352,000 men under arms. The referenced with Dutch trade, all of which with great pains to their old positions. Turks took Ber to sea, and the vibration enll of all the Landwehr would raise the the Datch regard as illegal, have aroused In some of the other bridges, where the played havoo with the mortar. The restrength of the army to 400,000 men. If great hostility in Holland toward Eng- girders and way were so badly damaged pair looks like the stopping of a gigantic Holland should place every trained man as to defy repair temporary bridges on tooth, done very badly, and then knocked in the nation under arms she would have wooden trestles had been built." These loose again. The German naval mea are more then 600,000 men structures may serve during the summer mostly quartered on a Hamburg-Ameri season, but they could not stand evn a can liner lying by the Galata Bridge. She moderate flood. The work, therefore, is used as a store ship and a base depot still goes on, and in time the old bridges for the naval ratings of the finchen and will be reconstructed.

the Brestuu

BLINDFOLD HULGARIANH."

A whole day is spent in the journey through Bulgatis. There one secs line after line of railway carriages, all with

PRUSSIANS IN CONTROL

either the Central Rovers or the Allies Holland is convinced that the moment believe it to their military advantage to invade her, they will invade her without scruple. But she has made it perfectly clear to both sets of belligerents that she will resist to the end any violation of her torritory. And she believes that her army is a rub that neither side wishes to attempt to crack. The Dutch at present

WATER DEFENCES : ELABORATED/

Holland's system of water defence has been elaborated and strengthened since the outbreak of the war, and is in the hands of a special corps of engineers, who are on duty at the dykes night and day. The line of water defence, however, includes only one-third of the country the region west of an irregular are drawn

The latest example of what Dutchmen, call England's interpretation of inter national lawlevenes is the bunker coal controversy which has aroused all economic battle was caused by simultane Holland to such a pitch of rage. This

ous decrees in England, first, that all ships receiving English bunker coal must promise to put at England's disposal 30 per cent of their cargo space on ther return trip; second, that German bunker coal should.

1 hereafter be considered con- trahand

These and inther inter

land. Nevertheless, the irritation with England is not so deeprooted as the fear of Germany. Dutchmen believe that England will not hesitate to ruin them fimncially if it is to her advantage, and they se in many of the restrictions now put on their trade an attempt not to de- feat Germany but to win markets for British traders. But they are convinced that England does not threaten their political independence. They remind one that the only foreign policy which Eng-

The distress in the city is terrible. The widows and children of the men who have been killed are starving. They receive no aid from the Government. These women were given a pittance as long as their east from Amsterdam to Rotterdam Bat land has followed consistently for con ir windows whitewashed. Germans men were alive, but when their husbands there is a suspicion that Holland may turies is the policy of maintaining the th reason were killed the pension, if it can be bo drowned by her own water. For the independence of the Low Countries. and Bulgarians als op When things called such, ceased. This is the only recent foods showed that much of the They point to England wad Napo For this decofalive work, were hanging in the balance for Bulgaria official notification of death that wives territory within the line of water defences Philip of Spain, Louis XIV and Napo and she was not sure which way she get of the loss of husbands, The cur- might be submerged by the breaking of Icon. Cablenews American. would throw her weight, the windows rency becomes more and more embarras a for

dykes werk all painted over. It was not to sing every day. Paper has declined fully

Holland's most vulnerable point is, COMPULSORY MILITARY SERVICE. prevent the people outside from seeing 40 per cent, in value, and is still rapidly however, her food supply. There is a into the carriages, but to make it impos- depreciating. All the monetary transac cow for every two persons in the country

Mr. G. G. Coulton has an article in the sible for the men in the trains to sections are in the hands of the Jews, who and, as long as Holland has a supply of Fortnightly on Continential Dewoera- which way they were going. Not a Bul- make enormous profit in changing gold cattle fodder meat, cheese and butter will cies and Compulsory Military Bervice" garian soldier knew until some time after into paper money or vice veran,

be plentiful Moreover, Holland grows in he had been dispatched whither he had

sufficient quantities to supply her wants in which he remarks that to the average been sent and where he was supposed to

of potatoes and other vegetables, and intelligent British workman Lord Roberts he fighting. Shut up with the doors The Germans have recently installed she is a large exporter of fish, but all was the typical militatist and M. locked the men could not tell in what several Prussians in the Government de grains, and other foodstuffs she imports. Jaures the typical pacificist, who gave direction they were travelling north.partments of the Porte The Under The present shortage of ships has cut the his life for the cause of peace; yet on west, or southeast.

Secretaries of the Ministries of Agricul grain reserve to the danger point. the question of compulsory military ser Along the whole line from Berlin to ture and Post and Telegraphs are both

The goods which Holland is selling to vice these two stood very nearly on Constantinople and even down into Syria Germans. The former has immense power, Germany are not imported goods but common ground. Both drew their main there are thousands of Belgian railway which he can and does undoubtedly make the products of Holland herself. And she inspiration from the compulsory defen- cars. These are easily recognizable, for use of for his real masters. He has sells these products to Germany merely give militia which has so long been the they still have the Belgian marks on charge of all the Agriculture Bank because Germany offers her a larger price glory of republican Switzerland. Jaures them. To these the Imperial cipher and moneys, and as Turkey has been raising than England. Chief among the exports, published only one book in the later years the eagle have been added. Troops are a great deal of her revenue from the land nearly all of which go to Germany, are of his busy career, and that book was on the move in Bulgaria, as elsewhere, much as Pharaoh did, it is useful to the butter, of which 42,793 tons were exported from beginning to end a plea for com bet they seem to be mostly away from the Germans during 1915; cheese, 91,446 tons: eggs, pulsory military training from the age line of the Balkanzug. There is not the Turkey started a campaign for the re- 32.990 tons: fish, 30, 125 tona ments of 10 years onwards. In 1913 the Swiss briskness that is evident immediately one storation of the Turkish language for chiefly cattle and swine, 124,414 tons: Minister of War assured Colonel Seely enters Turkish territory. At Adrianople general use in the Ottoman dormions, potato flour, 128,682 tons. In 1915 there that the Swiss system is not now a there are signs of great activity. Thence All signs other than those in Turkish were also exported to Germany Copra compulsory system every man who is

Tejected as 4. recruit regarda it sa all the troops are evidently moving east-were to be taken down. This was done, 100,845 tons inargarine, w the post is the signifcant fact, but it was impossible for her to carry linseed oil, 78.882 21,721 tox disaster, and there is great competition.". There has been a great deal written about cut the reform completely. The Germans ENGLAND FORCES EMBARGO, What was once compulsory is now volun- the movement of Turkish troops into would not allow it, and now there are The export of copra and linseed oil tory-the Swiss people would not tolerate Austria and even to Germany and the more German signs than ever in the to Germany has now ceased entirely any other system. Jaures was able to Western front. All this is quite ridicul streets of Stambul. There are the usual Forced by a threat from Eugland of stop say truly that (apart from the British The Turks could not move any of spy notices, and in addition every maniping entirely the importation of copra exception), in every country the whole their troops to the west for the following festo that has been published is displayed and linseed, the Dutch Government put instinct and reflection of the working in German on the walls and lamp posts an embargo on the exportation of these classes run in the contrary direction to Tensoris, Banong others,→First and chief, the Turks cannot spare troops from the This has irritated the Turks immensely commodities. And since November, 1915. voluntary service. Everywhere it is the defence of their own territories; second. It has shown them in a small way just not a single ton of either copra or linseed working man, the socialist, who demands how much they are under the Prussian oil has crossed the Holland bordet inte military service for the whole popula- (Continuar on next Column) thumb --Times.

Germany. Only 803 tons of margarīne "tion.”

tous, and

JAVA-PACIFIC

OF THE

LINE

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MONTHLY ÜEnvion: Brewer

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12th October,

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19th December.

1917

11th January.

The Blaamers have socommodation for a limited number of Baloon. Pamengers and marnya adaly qualified surgeon.

mda Large faken on through Bills of Lading to all Overload Points in the United States of Amarion and Caniča.

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VIA SHANGHAI, NAGASAKI AND HONOLULU,

NOV. 11–JAN. 18. 1917..

AN UNSURPASSED HIGH-CLASS PASSENGER SEBYION AT INTERMEDIATE RATES.

0. H. RITTER, Freight and Passenger Agent,

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[498

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