1912-09-24 — Page 5

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THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 2áră, 1912

THE SPIRITUAL PROBLEM OF

JAPAN.

DIFFICULTIES OF THE NEW BEA.

BY THE TIMES'

CORMPONDENT.}

TOKYO August 8th. The significance of the Emperor Mutsuhito's death will not be fully known for many a year. It is easy to look back over his roigs and note the wonderful change which has effected. It is easy to recall the fact that when be came to the throne then were no rail- ways, no telegraphs or telephones, no school or postal system, Constitution or Diet, no Diplomatic Cops, no Army or Navy worthy of the ame, no pow papers, no electric lighting, no drains, no modern civilization. It is easy to mark Japan's determinatim to overtake the material civilization of the West and her adoption of one modem device after another. It is easy also to foresco her further progress along the lines on which the leading Fowers of the decident have still so long a lead. As os of the most influential newspapers in Tokyo put it only the other day:The conditions now existing in Japan, if ompared with those of 50 years ago,show a transforma- tion that is almost miraculous; but if they are compared with thee prevailing in the most up-to-date rations in the West there is much that surprisingly interior in every detail of Japan's civilization." One need not live long in the capital to perceive it. But neither need one live long here to home certain that step by step the material advance is continuing, and will continue until equality with the Occident is attained. This evolution of the past will continue into the future. But what of that other evolution which is accompanying the material transformation of Old into New Japan What of the evolution of the spirit of the Japanese? If the writer is not mistaken, it is this whid will form the problem of the new en of Taisho, a problem

even more ficult and dangerous than that which was tackled so resolutely and successfully in the era. of Meiji.

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same master.

wonderful, but it may be doubted whether pill. The discipline of the nation is still the throats of the populace like a patent

any modern nation can be disciplined into a religion. And, moreover, from an economic standpoint it may be questioned whether, if Japan is to keep pace with the leading Powers of the world, she will that more scope may not have to relax this discipline in order individual initiative.

be given to

began his moral and physical culture at In oldun times the young Samurai the same time and at the bands of the One man combined the parts of teacher of fencing and teacher of ethics, and to the moral discipline which the young Samurai underwent his, It has been frequently pointed out that Thus he was taught to be brave and loyal parente slso contributed their share. Japan's ultimate success or failure as a nation will be measured by her ability his education lacked was mental training. to country, family, and friends. What to retain the best of her of traditions Learning was left to the special classes unchanged beneath the inations she of priests, scholars, and writers. With by her material transfiguration. It may Japan has surprised the world already bas introduced from Europe and the Restoration the nation awoke with a be that in the coming era Amerion.

In other words, her moral shock to the power of knowledge, the two-surprise it by a spiritual transfiguration she will qualities, typified at their highest by the sworded warrior set himself down to code of the Bushi, must remain-the learn the elements of military drill and there is a bigger task before her than she no less swift and completo. But that spirit of patriotism, of unity of devotion the rudiments of commerce, gladly court has ever yet attempted, and that sha to the Throne, the country and the ing that which, a few years before, he cannot thick it, needs no demonstration. family. Ilitherto Japan has been to the would have considered to be the greatest The era of Taisho demands greater states- world the example par excellence of a disciplined nation.

of humiliations. But with the passing of men than the ora of Meiji, because their As such the Elder the old culture there also venished the statesmanship must extend beyond the Statesmen were able to mould it in the old moral discipline. now forms and to preserve its such has began to learn his ethics from Spencer, The problem will not be susceptible of The Samurai region of politica into unfamiliar fields. long been the aim of the rulers of the not his fencing master; his mind was solution by the methods of the Elder country. With this idea the educational plunged into system was laid down-a system which, which undermined his old-world ideas in the new ideas.

a whirlpool of thought Statesmun; it will need new men trained as Dr. Eliot, of Harvard, recently of knightly conduct. observed in the course of his short visit which seemed to withstand the flood was MR.

The only tonat j to Japan, endeavours to turn out pupils that of loyalty, as the authorities were all alike, regardless of their individual quick to perceive. And thus Emperor- capacities. With this idea the "religion" worship assumed an importance in the of Shintoism has been steadily fostered national polity such as Buddhism had by the Government-the "religion" at never obtained, for be it remembered that month to the chairman of the Liberal Mr. Winston Churchill wrote last the head of which stands the Emperor, Buddhism in the old days was a topic for Party at Dundee a letter denouncing and the only vital inspiratio of which philosophers, priests, and scholars, the what he calls the "doctrines of lawless is loyalty. With this idea the authorities superstition of the aged and the ignorant; violence" laid down by Mr. Bonar Law have tacitly, if not openly, approved the while Shintoism was merely synonymous in regard to the Home Rule question and act of the stationmuster who took his life with certain rites and ceremonies. because through some blunder the Em-

the attitude of Belfast, Modern Japan still seems to retain peror's train was delayed his station. something of the

He says that Mr. Law and his lieu- With this idea the picture of the Emperor characterized old Japan. In the Meiji peated occasions incited the Orangemen discipline which tenant, Sir Edward Carson, have on re- has been made the sacred posession of Era the Emperor became its pivot. But to wage civil war upon their fellow- every school, and the loyalty of teachers even that pivot has now been removed. countrymen, and if necessary upon the who have rushed into burning dass-rooms The new Emperor is of a very different forces of the Crown; and the former has to rescue it and perished in the attempt stamp. He was educated in the learning even suggested that this process in Ire- has been dwolt upon approval. With this idea, finally, all the foreign languages; he went to school with by the lynching of His Majesty's Minis with official of the West, he was taught to speak land should be accompanied in England victories of war and peace have been other boys; he has been used to going ters, solemnly attributed to the virtues of the aboat Emperor and his ancestors.

And yet with all these efforts there has been constant recognition on the part of the more clear-sighted that mething was slipping away from the foundations of Japanese character, and ev the leas clear-sighted have been reminded of the imminence of danger by Socialistic out

burats and periodical waves flawless.

neas, especially among the stunt class.

CHURCHILL'S FIERCE AT- TACK ON MR. BONAR LAW.

among the people without "No doubt it is trus that these formality and his face is familiar to foolish and wicked words go far be thousands; a great palace in the French yond the intentions of the speakers, style was built for him-though he has and that they would be unspeakably never occupied it and his conjugal life shocked and frightened if all this has been modelled on the European melodramatic stuff in which they are standard. It is characteristic of the indulging were suddenly to explodo changed times that, whereas the only into real bombs and cannon-if the photograph obtainable of the

late ground of this peaceful kingdom were strewn with English and Irish corpses

Emperor was one taken probably 20 years slain in fratricidal strife, and if instead

ago, photographs of the new Emperor of eagerly expecting to kiss hands on

Years ago the danger was apparent at are many and excellent; and an omen obtaining office there was nothing before

the time when Japan experienced her first of future changes may perhaps be seen them but the bleak outlook of a felon's enthusiasm for Western sciene; and it in the present ruler's first innovation in cell or place of execution."

The Government, Mr. Churchill adds, will pursue their path "patiently and

GRIMAULT'S

was deemed advisable to issue the famous Court etiquette, for he bas decided Rescript on Education which asisted on already to break through immemorial the old national virtues of bevolence, custom by driving in the same carriage soberly. righteousness, loyalty, and fill piety, with his Consort on his journeys to and For more than 20 years it has been read from the Imperial Palace, to which be in all schools throughout the enuntry will Boob remove. In brief, the new; on all important national holidays and Emperor does not constitute that link committed to memory by met of the between modern and ancient Japon which pupils. And yet all unbiassed observers was one of the secrets of his father's must admit that the Rescript as failed extraordinary hold upon the veneration to become what its authors intended it, of his peoplea fact which is widely if a bulwark of national morality.

Tacitly recognized by the nation. It is At the beginning of the present year doubtful whether, even if he wished to there was a remarkable manifelation of play the part of a demi-god, he could Thus with the death of the the anxiety which prevails on this all-do 80. important question. Mr. Tokonami, Emperor Matsubito an era has passed Vice-Minister of Home Affair a men away in fact as well as in name. It is of open mind, returned from tour in no longer that of Meiji, or Enlighten- SPARKLET BYPHON Europe and America deeply impressed ment, but that of Taisho, or Righteous.

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and a dozen Bulbs you can make a dozet Occident and equally impressed by the Syphons of delicions Mineral Water, and the absence of any such spiritual actor in ocat is less than f you buy factory-made Mineral Water. All Chomies and Stores set the life of Japan. He therefor sought tion no special stress was laid on its for some remedy, and finally hit upon the meaning. And yet one might be tempted idea of convoking a meeting of repre- to believe that the Privy Council pouder- sentatives of Christianity, Shintoium, od well before they selected it. For to and Buddhism with a view to their co- all appearances the battle in the coming era will be for moral righteousness rather operation in the work of stimulating the

It is a moral sense of the people. The repre- than material enlightenment. sentatives duly met and passa resolu- Herculean tank which awaits its states tions in harmony with the purpose of men, that of building a foundation for their meeting, appending thereto un strong conviction and high ideals. To assurance of their endeavour in bekali the foreign observer there is indeed some- of the Imperial prestige; they resolved thing pathetic in the present strenuous to appoint committees and dispersed. search in Japan for a moral basis; one Since then we have heard nothing of the conference, and rumours have ben afloat that the whole scheme has sucumbed under the frown of the military sathori-

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sees its sincerity in the very extravagance

of some of the proposals solemnly put

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ties and the somewhat reationary religion out of the best elements of all

Education Department. But to signi- ficance of this novel attempt at a solution of what may be called the spiritual problem of Japan remains.

existing creeds as a man might under- take to build a house composed of the beat marbles uktainable in the world; there are those who apparently hold it per- fectly feasible to force this religion down

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NOTICE TO CONSIGNEES. THE

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NOTICES TO CONSIGNEES

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HE “Hansa" Steamship

THE

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"C. FERD. LAEISZ," Captain Gaissel, having arrived, Consignees of Cargo are hereby informed that their "BUELOW,"

Goods are being landed and placed at their risk having arrived, Consignees of Cargo are hereby in the hazardous and/or extra-hazardous Go informed that their Goods, with the exception downs of the Hongkong and Kowloon Wher! of Opium, Treasure and Valcables, are being and Godown Company, Limited, whence landed and stored at their risk into the hazard delivery may be obtained

as and/or extra hasarilous Gedowns of the Lading countersigned by the

Bills-of. Hongkong and Kowloon Wharf and Godown Optional Cargo will be carried on unless

Vaderzigned Company Ltd., Kowloon, sad West Pelotastic to the centraty be given TO-DAY Godowns, whence delivery may be obtained. All Claims be

Optional Cargo will be forwarded on unless of the steamer's arrival here, after which date ten days intimation is received from the Consignees they cannot be recognised. before Noon TO-DAY requesting it to be landed here,

No Claims will be admitted after the Goods kave left the Godowns, and all goods remaining endelivered after the 24th Sept, will be subject to rent. All

broken, chafed, and damaged goods are to be left in the Godowns, where they will be examined on the 24th Sept., at 9.30A.M.

All Claims most reach as before the let October, or they will not be recognized. No Fire Insurance will be effected. Bills of Lading will be countersigned by the Undersigned,

NOEDDEUTSCHEE LLOTD.

MELCHERS & Co.,

General Agents Hongkong, 18th September, 1912.

No Claims will be admitted after the Goods bave left the Godowns, and all Goods remaining undelivered after the 27th fust. will be subjoot to rent

All broken, chafed, and damaged Goods must bo left in the Godowns, where they will be examined on the 27th inst, at 9.30 AM.

No Fire Insurance will be effected by us in sny case whatever.

This Steamer bringe on Cargo:

Ex 6.6. Maja" from Copenhagen. Elt as, "Tanger" from Oporto. Er 15. "Bremen" from Setubal Ex as. "Germanis" from Gothenburg.

HAMBURG-AMERIKA LINIE, Hongkong Office, Hongkong, Ast September, 1912. f1118