1911-08-07 — Page 5

Page

Cutler Frammer & C

ANCIENT CRIMINAL

: PUNISHMENT IN KOREA.

BY MAURICE E. ALLEN.

THE HONGKONG DAILY, PRESS, MONDAY, AUGUST "TH, 1911;11

The whom pharchant of the last The following interesting article, which appete in the Grem Bay a legal journal publied at Boston), is by Mr. Maurice B. Allen, mon of Dr Hornos N. Allen, formerly U.S. Count-General in Korea,]

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has been washed the rattan sepse of his victim, and when be is well filled with it he is beaten on the abdomen until be dice.

This may soon incredibly barbarous, but what should be mid the. English, oriminal laws of that day P Coin sweater were boited in lead or hot water; perpetrators of brutal murders were half hanged and then, while still living, disembowelled. It was så age of brutal punishments the world over; and Korean Justice was no more fendish than that of other more ofvilised countries.

our marrator" says,

*

by law

The severity of the sentono imposed in the It may have been chance, or Dame Fortune, or plainly and simply my usual good luck, case of adultery depended on whether the culprit which some years ago, daring the course of a were married or single."A married than winter spent in Geneva, led me to frequent the "

le by 180ond-hand book stores which line condemned to death, especially when the offene microscopic the narrow and precipitans street in the old involves persons of distinction. The father of ter of the city, in the shadow of St. Pierre the driminal or his next of kin is compelled to as executioner. The criminal is allowed 1 to There little shops, many of which occupy the act basements of what were at one time the resid. choose the mode of death: usually, however, men ancer of the most aristocratic families, all retain ask to be stabbed in the back, and women to certain unique and characteristic atmosphere, have the throat out. In the case of a single which seems to make the dead past live again mau "his face is meared with lime, sach within their doors. Much of their store of soiled ear pierced with an arrow, and a hero and mosty volumes and dingy engravings may on his back; this is rung at all the crossroads is axposed and this purish- at first sight appear trash: but there is gold in where

ment is usually completed by

he

Regis Las much less to sar regarding crime and punishment and does not go into such minuta details as did his predecessor. From what little he does tell us it would appear, if we may credit his statements, that there had been a consider able lessoning in the rigours of the law in the fifty win years which had elapsed since Hamel's

Banishment bad now largely taken the plads the death penalty.Chastins- ments," he writes, "are not vir sovare in Korea. Crimes which are considered capital in other countries are here punished only by abandonment to some neighbouring island.

This was still a common method of punish- ment when I was in the country, and waE certainly a most desirable unbetitle for the death penalty. Also, to judge by the remarks of a recant writer, the sentence was not se formidable as the name might imply. In his recent book, Things Koruan." in describing the fasishment of a native official, Dr. Allen tells us that the returned Minister was banished. That is, he went out of the city walls to his country place for the space of three ange

Offenders, were executed, in sous instances,

an offence which may em shockingly trivial to car views. We must bear in mind, though, that it was a land of ancestral worship, a land where Alial respect and reverence are a man'S highest duty. A son," he says, "who molde his father or mother, is condemned to lose his

the dross for the finding, and whatspp of a stick on the batt forty or fifty blows { even in the days of which Regis writes and for worthless to one may prove a very treasure trove to another. The great age of many of the The lives of the miserable stares, unprotected books, while nothing uncommon in one of the from the rapine and oruelty of their master eldest of Europesa cities, may well fascinate must have been wretched in the extreme. the visitor from a land where the early fifties "Slaves who kill their masters are delivered over Indicates a respectable antiquity, and where to cruel tortures; but a master has the right to national history has been written largely in a take the life of his slave on the slightest pretext."head" single century.

The payment of debts was enforced in so harsh

Beheading continued to be the mode of While fingering over a pile of old leather, manner as to make the infamous debtors' prison execution until about fifteen years ago, when bound books, all, some that the worse for woar, of our English ancestors seen oren mild by the Koreans, at the suggestion of an American I came across ane little brown volume, rich in comparison. Those who do not pay their adviser, sdopted hanging as being more in red and gold, which bore the impressive title, creditore," writes Hamol," within the required accordnce with Occidental ideas, "Histoire Générale des Voyages." It was one time, are beaten on the shits two or three. The dreaded bastinado was still vigorously of a number comprised in the same series times a month, until they and the meas and was printed in the old French of the of discharging their debts. If they die without serving the ends of justice in Regis day,

falled their duty their next of kin being paid to the feelings of the wrothed victim. middle eighteenth century,

quelut having with ita

pay

for them or else undergo the same Light faults," he says, "incur the penalty of The bave to long stemmed s's sad rounded vorbe.

chastisement." This method must have been the bistinade. A sack extending to the feet la leather cover was chafed and subbed as the extremely afflcncions, for our informaut then thrown over the head of the person compelled coastsat bandling, while sundry gouden on the

Thus no one is in danger of to undergo some punishment, as much to as macoth and polished surfaces testified to the naively remarks, bu

his humiliation as to allow more freedom careless finger nails of a past

subdivided

in administering the chastisement,

the inside, after a long and minutelion. On losing what is duel

in which the merits of the work were set forth title in with a wealth of

of adjectives. one learned that the book had been published in Paris, in the year 1749,

chez Didot, Libraire, Quai des Augn. sting, à la Bible d'or." Royalist patriotiem was further satisfied by the qualifying clauso

Avec Approbation at Privilege du Roi."

What interested me expocially, however, was the fact that this particular volume was largely

Death seeme also to have been the penalty inflicted even for some of the lassor crimes. "Robbers," Hamel says, "under the Corina of being beaten or the feet until dead." Those hardy men must inve proven more obdurate than did the dolluquent debtom, for "enok terrible chastisement," he adds, "does not hinder the Koreans from being mush addicted to larceny."

It

there is evidense of 's little more regard now

sunge

With the exception of such distinctive national punishments as that Inst. man- tioned, which long survived more humane and modern ideas, Korea has kept well abreast of the ware of humanitarian sentiment which want over Europe during the closing years of the eighteenth century and caused the repeal of

lation of that day.

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devoted to a description of Korea, a circumstance day Ppoare from his observations that in these 40 ranch of the harsh and bloody original legis career a, husband can give a wife is to kiss her)

which excited in me a more than passing interest, because of the fact that that country was my birthplace and had been my home until the call of phool and college brought me books over the Pacific.

The demand for ancient histories of the "Hermit Kingdom" must have been at a low abb, for I was able to get the book at a fery reasonable figure, the proprietor seeming quite elated at boing enabled to dispose of what he evidently regarded as a diminutive white olo pbaut.

The narrative proved to be based principally on the accounts of two msn: Henry Hamel. secretary of the ship Sparrow Hawk which was wrecked off the southern coast of Kores in the year 1653; and Father Regis, a Froch missionary who was employed in making a nap of China in the years 1709-1711.

And

seven the mildest official remedy was of a

nature wall calculated to secure obedience to the laws. The lightest punishment in Koren," he writes, "is the bastinado on the buttocks or on the calf of the leg. It is not eren regarded as 3 disgrace, because it is very common there, sad n word spoken out of place in sometimes sufflaient to merit it,"

It will be observed that the lastinado waR: BO

often the instrument of justice, that it might be intorosting to note our author's rather, minate description of the four ways in which it was usually applied.

"The manner in which the bastinedo

tho is applied to shins is as strange are bound to a little bunch, abeat four inches a the torture itself. The criminal's feet broad. Another bezch is placed under the caires, which are attached to it as imply as possible. In this position the shins are baten with a lath made of oak or alder wood, as long as one's arm,

little rounded

Most of the punishments which have been described are as much a carious manifestation of the perverted justice of earlier ages as were the torres of the stake and the inquisition or the whipping post and the ducking stool of

our Puritan forefathers.

WOMEN'S VIEWS ON KISSING.

A MUSING DIVERGENCIES OF OPINION,

NEW YORK, July 5th.

How many kisses a wife should mosive from the women of New York, because of the case of her busband is being absorbingly discussed by the so-called "ankissed bride," Mrs. Edith Gambier, who is ruing for a separation from her husband because of his alleged coolness to wards her.

on one side and flat on the other Mr. Gambier about two inches wide, and as thick as a crown, Not more than thirty blows may be given at ene time. Two or three hours afterward, However, the process is repeated, until the sentence has been fully

executed." This form of paniahmont was stil in The writer's fatter, Гелля. the first foreign hospital in the country often bad natives brought in for treat ment after the shima had been baitan. The pain must have been exorcisting, for he tells me the test was easily reduced to a pulp, necrosis of the exposed bone being one of the results.

Regis was one of that fearless a band of early Jesuit miza sionaries aralust whose intrepid bravery. and Christian courage not even tortures and bloody elicts could prove a barrier. His work did not permit him to attempt the explors. tion of the interior of the peninzuls,

List succeed in finding out a great deal from those whe bad already visited what was then a little ase in recent known land. This geographical missionary." who, in the early so runs the editor's preface, had not travelled through Korea; but he had followed, from one sen to the other, the northern boundary of this kingdom. Korea is surrounded by water on three sides, an observation which verifies the fact that we have long been deceived in mistaking it for an island. Regis obtained his information about the interior of the country from a Tartar ford sent by the Emperor Kang-hi to the King

of Korea." ·

WRECKED DUTCHMEN IN BECUL

Hamel was a Dutch navigator, and was cast away with thirty-five companions on the island of Qualpart, near the Korean coast, from which plaes they were soon taken to the mainland and conveyed to Seoul (Stor), which was then, as now, the national capital The Hollanders remsland in the country for thirteen years, meeting for this most part with very kind treat ment, but not allowed under any circumstances to leave the country. Many of the men took native wives and, giving up all thought of escape, elected to spend the rest of their days in the land of their adoption.

sailors.

NOTICES TO CONSIGNEES

NOTICE TO CONSIGNEES.

ways of kissing. Personally, I think that quite the most charming, chivalrous, and affectionste hand. As for the wife, she may kiss her hos band's forehead. It is a tender, delicate way of showing bor love, particularly when he is tired THE P. & O. S. N. Co.'s Steamer and his head aches. Several times a day is none too often for such kissen.

As SUPPLIED TO THE HOUSE OF

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THORNE'S

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Consignees of Cargo by the slove-named vessel are hereby informed that their goods are being landed and placed AT THEIR MEK in the Hongkong and Kowloon Wharf and Godown Company's Godowny at Kowloon, where each Consignment will be sorted out Mark by Mark and delivery can be obtained as the Goods are landed.

This teel brings on Cazgo !---

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and B. & P. B. N. Co.'s Steamers. Optional Goods will be landed here unles instructions are given to the contrary within

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No claims will be admitted after the goods have left the Godowns.

E. A. HIWETT, Superintendent. Hongkong, 2nd August, 1911.

SCOTCH WHISKY.after which date they cannot be recognised

an elderly, rich man, shif cashier of the Merchants Exchange Bank. His wife, who is young and pretty wants her marital knot untied became, she says, her husband allotted to her only twa kimega This vat was started by the late Robert Thorn day on their honeymoon, which was spent in Europe. On the return voyage, the kissing of Greenock and has been sold as No. 4 sinos 1831 ccaset

and has not bem resumed. entirely, the connection between osonlation and married Prominent New York women, interviewod en their bliss, have shown no reluctance to express opinions. Among them are the following:- me. Nordica, the grand opers prima donna:- Between two people who really cure for each other, a kiss is quite the supremest, sweetest er pression of affection. I don't see why it should be restricted to the period of courtship. The kiss after marriage is frequently act a kiss at all. only a mechanical pack. I think basbands and wives need to learn how to kiss each other. There can be no exact mumeration of the kisses that should pass between husband and wife. The good-night and the good-morning kisses kisa mske two, then a husband would naturally In applying the astindo to the but his wife before leaving for work, and immediate locks, the culprit in stripped and strvishly after he gets home. That makes four. Then ed on the ground, face downward... sad this position he is strook with a lath, longer and wider than that first described. One hundred blows are equivalent to death, and even fifty have sometimes produced the same resnit.

"When a criminal is condemned to receive the bastinado on the soles of the feet," writes Hamel, he is made to sit on the ground, his feet bound together by thick saplings, and placed on the end of a piece of wood, the rest of which is thrust between his legs. In this position the soles are beaten with a club as thick as one's arm and two or three feet long. As blows are given as the judge his urdered.

The bastinade on the calves of the legs is applied with rous about as thick as one's finger It is the usual punishment of women and ap- prentices. In these performances the original

remarka

his wife appears theemingly dressed for dinner, another kiss would seem to be in order. That fakes five. I should scarcely think any happy couple would want to get on with less, and there is certainly 20 law against mero.

Mrs. Harriette Johnston. Wood, a prominent woman lawyer Kissing is purely a matter of have occasionally seen Koreans in the streets

temperament. At best, after marrine, there is generally

more time for caresses After the of Secul whose thick and curly red beards, inutters such lamentable cries that compassion honeymoon, both husband and wife must show striking contrast to the black and somewhat renders the spectators fellow saffecters in his their love in a different way. They must begin scautior adornment of their brethren, marked torture."

BATE to work for each other. They other things them as the descendants of those rugged Dutcher and forfeiture of estate, quite after married she isn't going to take too much for Public enemies, in Hamel's day, suffered to do than enddling. When a woman is firet In the year 1666, when but sixteen of the the manner of the old English Law. Jus granted. She wants to know phably and en- original thirty-six were living, Hamel and tice," he

is severely admini. phatically how much her husband cares for her. seven others of the more adventurous secretly stered there. A rebel is exterminated with all Their love, that was half sky and half intense, bought a junk olla satire and succeeded in his rece. His house is demolished, and as one develops into a steady, strong, quist friendship. making the rascape to the Japanese island of dare rebuild it All his goods are configsted They and that time will not aller continuous Goto and thence to Nagasaki. They were and sometimes abandoned to some faithful sub-scstasies But they also find time's compensa warmly received there by the commandani of the ject. Anyone who atters the least objection to tions for the esrasses put aside. Dutch trading station, and altimately returned the sentence is certain to undergo a rigorous to Amsterdam in s Datoh frigate.

punishment." Hamel's sccount, which is based on his There were certain restrictions to hold in observations, was verified in every detail check the tyranny of lesser officials, at least by the testimony of those companies who to prevent the infliction of capital punishment returned with him to Holland. Regis, how at the more caprice of a loos! magistrate.... I ever, obtained his information at second hand, ferier Governom and subordlaate judges are from & Tartar lord who, confined within allowed to condemn no one to death witheat in prescribed limits, would naturally lack the forming the Governor of the province about it, opportunity of close observation. The French-nor can persons of Staie be tried without the man practically admits as much in speak participation of the Court." fog of the visite of the envoys of the two Dountries. "Korean ambassadors

Own

19K

GOOD

VARIOUS METHODS OF PUNISHMENT.

These, however, who incurred the special ill will of the reigning Rovereign, might expect the in China." be writus, "re shat ap at first in mos their dwellings; and when they are (at last) sat the foamy and barbarous punishment, as following incident related by Hamel well free they are surrounded with spies in the asked his brother's wife to jembroider & rofe for shows: On one occasion, when the King had guise of a cortège. The Tartar lord, according to the missionaries, had not been much free in him, because she excelled in odlowork, this Korea. Spies kept constant watch over him; princess, who cherished a mortal, hatred towards and every word that escaped his lips was him, sewed between the stuff and the lining immediately communicated to the Court by some charm of so potent a caters that he could moms of a certain number of men placed at experience no pleasure, nor enjoy the least re intervals along the streets,"

pose, as long as he wore his robe. Finally, having suspected the truth, he had the garment ripped apart, and they were not long in ment was so kesu that he ordered his finding the cause of the trouble. His recent-

sister shut up in $

pared with lighted. She died there in the agony of intense copper, beneath which a great fire had been heat. The news of this antenes naturally spread in the provinces, and i near relative of the princess, who was the governor of a town and greatly esteemed at Court, had the temerity to write to the King intoralog him that a woman who had been honoured by inarriage with the brother of his Majesty should be treat-

The Koreans nertainly taxed their in- genuity in devising panishments for ricide and other partioniarly revo

revolting orimes. "A woman who kills her husband,' writes Hamel, whose secount now lies before me **is buried alive up to the shoulders in the mid dla of a highway, and near her is placed obat. Every passer-by, below the order of nobility, is required to strike her on the head with it, until death finally enenes.”

Bhat.

The usual penalty for morder, from the scoount of the same writar. must have been

devoid of a certain gruesome fitnes.

zoom

even more horribly revolting, though noted less ornelly, and that her mi deserved more punishment of murder is singular. After favour. The King, offended at this indiscretion, the foot of the criminal

have been had the author of the letter recalled immediately

beaten for a long time he is forced by and his head cut off, he having first received means of a funnel to swallow vinegar, in which twenty blows on the shins."

Mre, Sophia M. Lockinger, elitor of the "American Buffragettes" I bebara husband and wife

should kiss each other very saldom as the term kiss is generally understand Iraler, of course, to the kiss on the mouth. I don't think it should be allowed. It in distinctly un- This loes not bygienic, and physically wrong. mean that I disbeliers in demonstrative affec tion between married people. I au beartily, in favour of it. But there are other methods just as effective as the kiss on the mouth. Thore is the close embrace that conveys a world of mean. ing and tender sentiment, and it has a'I the Then there are other sanotion of tradition,

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