1905-01-16 — Page 2

Page

2

INTIMATION

THE HONGKONG DAILY PRESS, MONDAY. JANUARY 16TH. 1905.

only at Home." A good deal of this résults from the somewhat simple fact that the real life in China is compared with an imaginary one at Hose, or at best with one which could only be enjoyed by persons of a

A. S. WATSON & CO., certain amount-much more than many

.LIMITED.

ESTABLISHED AD. 1841.

WINE AND SPIRIT MERCHANTS,

ALEXANDRA BUILDINGS.

PORTS.

AND

BOTTLED BY

LONDON, OPORTO & KERES.

PORTS:

PER DOZ.

$15.00

18.00:

H.M.S. Pengeance has been ordered to pre. Į pare to proceed to Malta. A battleship may also leave the China Station, This is the first move at reducing the strength of the fast ant here.

Mr. Sattor, N.8.W. Commercial Agent, saysThere are many large engineering: Works in contemplation in the East, whore very large quantities of pilos will be required. The Orient destined to be a great market for timbers of nit grades.

is

consider--of afflacuos, and in surroundings which in the nature of things fow people are fortunate enough to find. In China people live on the whole fairly comfortably, and have a life which is not incompatible with considerable intellectual enjoyment and activity; and even in the asthetic direction life is far more enjoyable in the Far East thun in many other places, and ever at Home to very large classes, whose positions in life give them little leisure for cultivating the Arts, and who in many cases bave in the respect to "starve in the midst on the New Parade Grond this (Monday) oven- of plenty." In these days of ready incering, from 4 to 5.30 p.m.---

SHERRIES. communication there are no places where at times artists of the highest Europeau re- putation do not occasionally appear, and GEO. G. SANDEMAN, SONS though these visits may be few, there is this essential difference, as compared with Home, & CO., Ln.

that people out here are able to hear them, whereas at Hume their leisure and means are often too moderate to permis very much in this direction. There are, however, many subjects for intellectual exercise constantly before us-quite enough to prevent minds with anything like individual initiative from becoming cramped or limited, if people will only take the trouble to lock round and see what is around then and take an interest in what is actually under their eyes. At present indeed the subjects which are of special in- terest out here bappen to be those which are engrossing the attention of the whole world; but even in normal times there is enough to keep people's intellect on the alert, and no one need want subjects for interesting study in the Far East in these days. We can't of course lave picture galleries and grand specimens of architecture such as are to be seen in every large city in Europe; but on the other hand there are many things even in this direction locally, which are well worthy of attention and study,

PRICES.

DOU LO

OLD TAWNY

INVALID

18.00

ESTRELLA..........

24.00

VERY OLD TAWNY

OLDEST AND FINEST

27.00

42.00. 50.00

SHERRIES:

LIGHT DRY

$19.00

SOLERA

18,00

hea

VERY PALE DRY...

"FULL GOLDEN...

*

PALE DRY NUTTY...

'FINE OLD BROWN...

18.00 -23.00 24.00 36.00

H.M.S. Britannia, a first-class twin-serow armoured battleship of 16,350 tour, has been launched at Portsmouth. She is of the King Edward class. Fivo battleships of the same class are under construction, each ship costing about £1,500,000.

The programme of music to be performed by the band of the 110th Mahuta Light Infantry

March...... The Iron Face”

Vaz

slection... "The Bart and the Girl A aryll

TELEGRAMS.

["DAILY PRESS " SERVICE.] INTERNATIONAL FOOTBALL.

LONDON, 15th January.

SMUGGLING ARMS.

CANTON.

[FROM OUR CORRESPONDENTS]

13th January.

THE "RIOTING,

There has been more trouble here in the last two days than can be remembered for many years. The people have risen in one of their periodical autbursts against the oflolals, and

lives have bonn lost.

The history of the affair is as follows: A

Before Mr. F. A. Hazeland at the Police Court on Saturday, Mesare. Luigens, Einst- mann and Co. of No. 14, Des Vooux Road Central, were charged with importing arms without a licence. Mr. Herbst of the said frra appeared on behalf of the defendants and plead- Not guilty." Evidence showed that the In the International Rugby Foot-defendants, through the permit of another firm, ball Competition Wales has benten had removed a case of arms from a ship in port to the share. His Worship inflicted u fins of England by 25 points to mil.

$1,000. Shortly after this Mr. Gedge (of [Last season, Eastland was the winner, Ene. Mossrs. Johnson, Stokes and Master's oflon), him of allowing lawless obaracters to live in the land and Wales tying for second place. Wales applied for a re-hearing of the case berma well, as now, but did not maintain the grounds that the manager of the firm did not and lodged him in No. 9 braneli polios station, erasilence of ita teams. England's defeat at understand he was charged. He thou.ht he thinking, no doubt, that nothing more would be the last was due to superior Scotch stamins. Wales was noted for careful play, white th was only called upon to give an explanation.heard of the matter Englishmap made mistakes.]

His Worship intimated that he would re-hear the case to-day.

NAIRN DEAD.

Losne

Sir Michael B, N Piccologi

Pettor of hospitals an Resu¥k dead.

Song, Sacred "Ora Pro Nebis". Valse Revansit Selection Veraniquo American -ketch Way down in Temasc

Knowlea

Tho

Senhor Conselheiro Romano, the Portugues3 Consal-Gonerat, und Senhor Loiria, the Vica- Consul, entertained the commandors and officers of the Vasco du Guana and Adamastor at tiffn at his residence, "Daart," yesterday. party numbered 24, including Mrs. Romano and Mrs. Leiria. The Fasco da Game is ex pected to leave for home soon after the departure of the Lindeld with the time-expired men from

Macro.

What might be termed the most successful of the successful orchestral concerts given by the excellent band of S.M.S. Fuerst Bismarck WAR that which took place, at the Theatro Royal, City Hall, on Satur: day night. The concert was in aid of, the fands of the Exilors' and Soldiers' Hume,, and thero was a full house. A good programme of music from high-class composers was rendered, and the rounds of applanse following each soloo tion testified to the appreciation of the Ladiens».

The following is the list of Hongkong architects at present authorised-Messrs. II. W. Bird, G. Blood, J. E. Boulton, A, Bryor, W. Chatham, W. Danby, A. Denison, I. G. C. Fisher, C. H. Gale, L. Gibbs, A. E. Griffin, B B. Harker, E, M, Hazeland, A. H. Howitt, A.

A. S. WATSON & CO. if regarded in some more sorioue light than H. Hollingsworth, A. Shelton Houper, P. N

LIMITED.

as mere passing curiosities.

Taken altogether, the life in these parts Agents in Hongkong and South China for may be considered as one which on the

Sandeman's Wines.

ALEXANDRA BUILDING8.

NOTICE TO CORRESPONDENTS, ONLYcommunications relating to the new clum should be addressed to TE EDITOR.

whole compares favourably with life in very many other parts, and even in many ways with the ordinary life of people in Europe. [33 We are apt to overlook the fact that at Home, though surrounded by objects con- dhere to intellectual culture, the oppor- tunities of seeing them-much more of

Correspondents mast forward their names and ai-

H. Jonos, W, P. Lambert, J. E. Lee, J. Lemm, D. Macdonald, J. Orange, A. H. Ough, T. L, Perkins, S. J. Powell, E. A. Ram C. H. Row, C. B. Thomas, H. P. Tooker, A. Tarner, C. warron, Wong Kat 95, Wong A. Choong, and A. Wright.

Inspector Robinson's case. wherein five Chinese —three men and two women-were charged with

assaulting Chang

15th January...

. Bart,, benefac ther charities, is

baronete.]

[Ho was one of last

[REUTER

AERVICE.]

THE UNUI OD STATES.

LONDON, 12th January. President Roosevelt strongly advocated a special session of Congress for the readjustment of the tariff, but the season is not likely to be

before the autumn.

THE BRITISH PARLIAMENT.

LuaDON, 12th January. Parliament will meet on the 14th February There are persistent reports in Parliamentary oireles that there will be a dissolution in March. THE UNITED STATES STEAMSHIP SUBSIDIES.

LONDON, 13th January,

on the

HONGKONG'S NEW CHEF JUSTICE.

From official sources we learn that Mr. Francis Laylor Piggot. M.A.. of Mauritius, will succeed Sir William Meigh Goodman as Chief Justice of the Colony. The Chief Justice in not expected to arrive before May, as Sir William Goodman's term of office does not expire until the end of April.

shoemaker in Sap Fat Po had refused to pay his rent, and his landlord thereupon accused

house. The authorities arrested the tenant

But the neighbours-and the shoemakers in partianlar- were immediately up in arms at this injustice, for the man had been arrested on a charge which was known to be false. A petition was sent in to the authorities begging for the man's release, but was not noticed, and an

Thursday morning-thio man having been arrested the day before-a moly collected at the prison, stoned the Prefoot of Kwongtong, and endeavoured to pull down the prison.

The Namhoi magistrate's soldiers were on the spot in force, and they found it necessary to open fire, killing thres and wounding ten more:

Mr. Piggott is a barrister-at-law, and was employed on special service by the Foreign Office in 1887. In November of the same year he All shops in the, neighbourhood have been also acted as legal advisor to the Prime Minister | closed, aud to-day (Friday) the stroot gatos are of Japan. He acted as secretary to the At- again closed-crowds being thus prevental torney General, Sir C. Russoll (afterwards Lord from gathering. Yesterday afternoon the streets Resell of Killowen), during the Bohring Sea near Sap Pat Fo-ops of the most important. arbitration in 1893-4, and was appointed towards of the city--were full of armed soldiers. Mauritius in 1994 as Procureur-General He At 11.30 last night fire broke out in a matsheil was Acting Chief Justice there between 1895 near the police station where the prisoner is and 1897. Mr. Piggott has published works | confined, in a place called San Tin Ti (the entitled “Foreigu Judgments," "Servicos out rectilined land). People living in the "back row **

on Shamson were disturbed by a tremendoas of the Jurisdiction," "Ex-territoriality," and

commotion-the banging of drums, clashing 2 multitude of of gongs, and shouts from people. Those who knew of the morning's riot wondered what mischief was afoot, but it soon appeared that it was only a small fire, whether the work of incendiaries or not.

the Law of Torts."

POLICE PRESENTATION.

INTERESTING REMINISCENCES,

At the Central Police Station on Saturday morning a large number of the Police force

ANOTHER ACCOUNT!:

The Shameon Fire Brigade turned out, but The Commerce Committee of the Sienta hasassorbind in the reading room for the purpose their servions were not called for, as the Chinese incressed the maximum rubsidies reported in of bidding farewell and making a presentation got the firs under in half-an-hour. Fortunately the telegram of the 8th instant, to £80000 for to Inspector W. J. Ford, who, after twenty-law and order were preserved, and no further a monthly, and £160,000 for a fortnightly two years' service in the Hongkong Felice, was attempt was made to release the prisoner. service from the Pacific coast to China, Japan leaving that afternoon per the as. Molta for Further developments are expected.

the old country. Chief Inspector Baker, in and the Philippines.

making the presentation, referred to the arrival of Inspector Ford und himself in 1882, from which time they had been close comrades. The Colony in those days was not what it is at the present time, oither in size, safety or health. Police duties were then vory arduous; crime was rampant, and armed robberies wars of almost It was not uncommon for daily occurrence, the Police to have to turn out, armed to the

MR. BALFOUR ON BRITISH ARMY AND NAVY REFORM.

།:་

LONDON, 18th January, Mr. Balfour speaking at Glasgow dwelt on the achievements of the Government in the direction of Army and Navy reform; be said

dresses with communications addressed to the Bdite, studying them critically-are comparatively conjugal unfaithfulness, was continued before North-west frontier of Indis; moreover, unde r

eat for publication, but as evidence of good faith

All liters for publication should be written on

of the paper only. one side

No anonymously signed communications that have already appeared i

in other papers will be inserted. Orders for extra copies of DAILY PRZED should be sent hefers 11 am, on day of publication. After that Telegraphic Address: Pass, Codes: A.B.C. 6th ed. Lieber's

rara to anyone engaged in active pursuits. It thus happens that many who return from the East are disappointed at what they find and discover that in looking back on Home

i

Your the supply is limited. Only supplies for Cash. Ds well as in look ing away from it, distance

the strong grasp of Lord Kitchener the forces in India were being reorganised so as to add enormously to their efficiency without a material addition to the numerical strength of the army. Tas new field gun was the most powerful in the

world.

that the real problem of the British army arose at the point where there was a prasibility of it, alons, coming into conflict with a great military empire; the problem of the army was the Kung problem of the defence of Afghanistan; the Kui and a Chinesa woman named Chengchanges in the War Office would enable us to Fang in consequence of the latter's allogen intervene more effectively in any contest on the

Mr. H. H. J. Gompertz at the Police Court on Saturday morning last. After the hearing of further evidence, His Worship said it was clear that the first complainant had had a very bad beating, in which probably several people had helped. No doubt Chang Kang Kai deserved may lead enchantment to the view; and not all he got, but at the same time His Worship a few would like to have the old life in wished to inform the defendant that what they China again, and recall many-advantages did was a serious breach of the peace; had the which were taken as of little account while man died under their bands, or suffered seriously, On 14th January, at the Union Chureli, by the Bey. C. H. Hickling, W. REID BOYD, to ANNIE they were within reach. There is, of course, they would have been in a very unpleasant position indeed. However, taking into con- ALMON ROBERTON, of Nairn, N.B.

[246

always the climate to take into considera-sideration the provocation, he would fins the tion'; but after all, most countries have first and second defendants $10 rash.— Bệ climates, and some of them very unpleasant would further severely caution the whole of the ones such as London fogs: but with defendants, and bind them over to keep the peaca moderate care and reasonable mode of life the cliniste at most places where Europeans reside in China neul not create. any great alarm. Taken altogether, life in these parte may he quite as full, both phasically

P.O. Bor, 88. Telephone No. 12

MARRIAGE.

The Daily Press.

HONGKONG OFFICE: 14, DEVEUX ROAD C. LONDON OFFICE: 131, FLEET STREET, E.C.

HONGKONG, JANUARY 16TH, 1905.

The result of the naval changes was, that the fighting power of the duet during the first twenty-four hours of hostilities had been ang. mented threefold.

THE WAR.

"DAILY PRESS SERVICE.]

for six mouths in a persona! boad of $210 each. JAPANESE CAPTURE BRITISH

The annalSmoker" of the Hongkong Cork Club took place at the Western Hotel on Saturday night last. The following wes the musical programme, each and every item of

COLLIERS.

KOBE, 14th January. The Japanese have captured the

tooth, to pursue mamading bands of robbera, especially in Bunism Strand district. But few houses were to be seen on the hillsides in those at Kowloon. The colony was smaller, and days, and there was only one European resident (here were no reclamations such as we can boast to-day. These improvements have gone far to facilitate the suppression of crime, as the new and well-made roads furnish easier methods of getting about Personally speaking, Mr. Baker said he lost a gonial and genuine comrade, and friend of years, in the departure of Mr. Ford. The force also lost a tried and trusty officer, and he felt sure all were sorry to see Lim go, but donbtluss he knew his own affairs bost, so they could only hope he would have a pleasant time and safe voyage to the Home- land; a pleasant re-union with his wife and children, and long life to enjoy his well-earned pension. On behalf of his brother officers and himself, Mr. Baker then presonted Mr. Ford with a handsome gold watch with the recipient's monogram engraved on the back, and an inscrip. tion reading as follows inside the case: "Pre- sented to Inspector W. J. Ford by the European members of the Hongkong Police Force, January. 1905,"

Mr, Ford, in accepting the presentation, said

A comparison of life in Chins with that which is passed by average people at Home and intellectually, as in other places, if we which was well received:-Mr. Winter, 805 British steamers Rosley and Zellington, | pleasure at the kindness shown him, and the has always been a favourite subject of dia- avoid the mistake of under-estimating its Wedding Kelis "; Mr. James, songs By carrying Welsh coal to Vladivostock.

cussion.

There is a certain fascination advantages, and over-estimating those about "Home," with its old associations, other places, chiefly from the fact that for

the nonce they are unattainable. which exercises an influence, conscious or unconscious, upon most people who for a time are exiles in the Far East. Life hero Rand. is looked upon by most people as a dwelling

Major H. J. Bowman, Sherwood Foresters,

"Good Old Actual"; Mr. Golding, song,

Order of the Tsar" and "A Song at Twilight": Mr. Cooper, song, Let go, Eliza "; Mr. Armi- tage, song, "Don't go and tell them"; Mr. Titmas, Oboe solo; Mr. Burnett, "Boanie Mary There are now about 30,000 Chinese on the of Argyle and other items; Mr. Rogers, song, "The Steeple on the Hill," Mr. Davenport, song, "Don't Worry McCarthy"; Mr. Cox, song, "Fighting Ships of England", Mr. Bailey. song, "My Daddy is a Gentleman "; Mr. Jepson, 59. "I want to see the old home again"; Mr. Clark, song, "So was your humble servant." Tha committee responsible for the success of the entertainment consisted of Masara Gast, Hodgson, Dell, Linthan

in tabernacles to be succeeded in due time has retired.

by

a better existence in a happier land.

Russia, it is reported, has placed an order

The hope of returning to fomiliar surround-in France for a new cruiser of the Bayan class. ings, to well-known scenes and early sur

day.

An examination for certificates of compotency roundings, is steadily kept before their eyes as pilots will be held at the Harbour Oflee to by the large majority of persons from the day they land; and with this hope, a ten- ionoy generally arises to depreciate what is actually around them, and to make com- parinous, often of a somewhat superficial character, between this ideal and the life!

The Army Orders will appear regularly on Training notes, and other matter, page 5. appear there to-day.

The s.s. Lindule, a B. L. vessel chartered by the Portuguese Government, is expected at

Willis,

and Fox, Evans

THE HOLLYWOOD ROAD HOLOCAUST.

CHARGES OF MURDER AND ARSON,

[Both of these steamers balong to W. R. Rea, and hail from Belfast. They were both built by B. Duncan and Company, Limited, of Glas- gow, the Rosley in 1902, and the Lethington ig 1901. They are vessels of 2,833 tens.net, and 2,354 tons not respectively.]

[REUTER'S SERVICE.]

ADMIRAL SKRYDLÓFF

LONDON, 12th January. Admiral Skrydloff left Vladivostock pesterday for St. Petersburg.

THE NEW RUSSIAN LOAN.

LONDON, 12th January. The subscription to the new Russian lean has been opened in Berlin and closed immediate. ly. The applications were unusually large. THE SUPPLEMENTARY SQUADRON.

LONDON, 18th January. Admiral Botrovesky's squadron will leave Suez 10-day.

he spoke with very mixed feetings, for, while on this occasion he could not but feel very great

appreciative remarks of Mr. Baker, he was still filled with regret that he had to leave so many old comrades. His first duty, however, was to those who awaited him at Home, and he earnestly hoped that all present might live to be the contres of such an occasion in their own good time, and, from the Captain Superintendent to the last joined constable, he wished them all health and happiness and a most prosperous career.

The health of the departing Inspector was then drunk, the toast being greeted with three hearty cheers and a "tiger." Mr. Ford then left for the ship with a number of his old friends.

SHELL TRANSPORT AND TRADING CO. (LIMITED)

12th January.

To-day there was a riot and strike among the shopkeepers in Cauton, a police station being pulled down by the mob, and so far as I could ascertain three persone killed, and many wound- ed. The street gates were closed during the day, leaving space just large enough for one person to squeeze through, and soldiers were sent out to guard the streets and to stop the rioting. The origin of it was that a shoemaker's shop, Tak Cheung, in Sap Pat Po street, was owing suma

one to the shop to collect it. Upon the tenant rent, and the landlord Chan Chow Tin sent some- refusing to pay there ensued a quarrel. A policeman by order of the landlord arrested ons of the shopmon upon a charge that the shop was barbouring thieves, and took him tofthe station. The neighbours in the street were not satisfied with the conduct of the police, and they wont up to the station to take him out. The polies refused to release him, and they storied the station. The police had a fight with the mob, and in the meise some three or more per:GÜ# were shot and many wounded. All the shops in the Sap Pat Po and in the neighbouring straats

were closed and business stopped. While the prefect of Kwang-chowku, the magistrates, and some military ware attempting to reason with the rioters they were paltad. At 11,30 p.m. the rioters set fire to some houses, and an hour or so was occupied in putting the tire out.

HONGKONG'S RAINFALL.

The mouthly 1904 rainfall at Hongkong Observatory, with comparative figures, is as follows:-

January February

March...

April

May

1904

... 0.12

1884-1903. Mean. MAX. Min. 1.32 8.43 0,00 0.20 1,86 7.95 0.02 3.76 2.63 10.43 0.17 1,91 5.56 1489 184 7.70 13.43 48.84 1,15 June

...19.6 16.80 34.37 2.34 July

7.28 13.82 28.24 4.57

14.22 ...87.64 August

27.87 5.20 September 9.77 8.21 19.11 0.63 October

22.00 4.78

17.87 0.01 November... 0.22 1.71 7.32 0.01 December 0.23 1.03 4.09 0,00 The yearly rainfall at Hongkong, as re- gistered at the Hongkong Observatory, since 1884 is as follows:

inches,

ipoles.

1884 1985 ... 1896

75.42 1895

45.33

109,92

1896

72.79

69,17

1897

100.43

1887 1888

66.29

1898

57.02

104.58 1890

72.69

119.72 1900

70.93

1901

... 55.78

... 73.73

1902 90.97 1903

... 97.50

1904

93.65 80.42

1880... 1890 ... 1891

1892 ...

1893

1894

... 117.19

99.95 ... 164.25

Last December meteorological observations show the maximum reading of the thermo- meter was 75.7 on the Sth; the lowest was 148 on the 24th; aud the mean for the month was 60.7. The velocity of wind varied from 4 miles. per hour to 19,9; the mean being 10.6, and the general direction east-north-east.

The report and seconnts of the Shell Trans. port and Trading Company (Limited) for the year ending December 31, 1903, are in the hands of shareholders. The figures for the year 1902 were assessed in the report of September 9, 1904, as over-estimated to the extent of £11,296 198 8. All differences in the accounts of that year which bas of necessity to be spent for a Macro with the troops who loft Portugal by the At the Police Court, on Saturday morning

have been merged in the accounts now presented time out here. People are thus a little too transport Sao Thome (recently wrecked in the

as for 1903, the profits of which are diminished to the extent that those of 1902 benefited. In. much inclined to overlook many ad- Red Sea) on the 18th inst.

cluding the amount brought forward from 1902, there stands to the credit of profit and loss vantages which they enjoy, and come

We are informed that the steamer Taxy Chon,

£339,330-78. 44. After deduction of manage by degrees to consider they are in

which was arrested for having a cargo of

ment expenses and directors' and auditors' fees, way ill-used by having to pass á part unmanifested ammunition, is still in Police

£1,850; dividend on Preference shares, £50,000 income-tax, £12,031 18%, 21.; the sum of £84,095 of their lives in a country so different custody, and the ammunition is being removed

108. 5d. a. a provision for depreciation on The P. & T Times reports that-n-Chinese from the one from which they come. The

constable in South Africa, in a letter to a friend steamers and installations, writing £10,000 from the cost and expenses of the Preference shares comparisons which are thus made are

saysThe English people treat us Chinese issue, and writing £2,500 from American ex generally to the disparagement of life in

pensa, thera remains to be carried forward to very kindly and generously. The climate is the the balance sheet the amount of £158,852 18. same as in our own country. The compound these parts. Its many advantages are taken

Sergeant In Pa Chief of the Chinese

Jaudary 1 of 1004, there remains to be mine shafts. The coolies have two meala with as a matter of course, and whatever of good

Dotective Force, gave evidence as to the arresting the right to act in accordance with her. After providing for the dividend paid on is several li in site. There are several tens of may be found, the idea is for ever present Robinson Roads, 6; junction of Cansroon and of the prisoners, and the case was remanded till own interesta in the matter of the neutrality carried forward the sum of £58,852. 188. 94. rice and one with bread daily.

These are the salient points of the documents.

from the ship to local powder magazines.

It is officially notified that the following are authorised riesta standa in Kowloon-Ferry or 20 ricshas; junction of Elgin and Macdonnell Roads, 10; junction of Elgin aud Robinson Heads, 10; junction of Austin and

how much better this would be, if it were Cameron Roads, 10.

last, before Mr. I. H. J. Gompertz, Choz Chung and Tang Hop were charged with (1) Falouiously, wilfully, and of their malice afore thought, killing and murdering Chan Sing, Chin Weng, Wong Wai Hing, and Wong Wai Sing; (2) That they did get fire to a certain dwelling house, to wit, No. 168, Hollywood Road, contrary to Section 3 of Ordinance 6 of 1865, the following persons being in the said house at the time--Leung Kai, Lai Yak, Ng Tim, and Mak Choy,

Thursday nort.

CHEFDO, ETC.

LONDON, 18th January. Hussia has sent a circular to the Powers of complaining of China's violations neutrality singe the war began, and claim

of China.

T