1953-11-21 — Page 7

THE CHINA” MAIL, SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 21, 1953.

SIR WINSTON CHURCHILL'S WAR MEMOIRS

Gen.

In August 1944, the Prime Minister paid vhit to Field - Marshal Alexander and Maitland-Wilson in Italy, with the Intention- also of meeting Marshal Tito, at that time under Allied protection in the Adriatic island of Vis.

on

TRIUMPH, AND TRAGEDY

MY

Chapter Seven

CONFERENCE WITH TITO

A brief stop al Algiers Aug. 11 offered an opportunity to meet Gen. de Gaulle, to whom he sent message through I replied that we had no de- Mr

Intervene in Duff Cooper (now tire to

Internat Jugoslav affairs, but wanted his Lord Norwich).

country to be strong, United and Independent, Dr Subasic iden. was very loyal to this Moreover, we ought not to let the King down. Tito said that he understood our obligation was towards King Peter, but BOL able to do anything about it until after the war,

when the Jugoslav people themselves would deelde.

D

UFF COOPER met me, aml took me to his house, which his wife had made most comfortable. He told

me

he had conveyed my invita- tion or suggestion to de Gaulle, and that the General had refused. He did not wish to intrude upon the repose I should need at this brief halt on my journey,

I thought this needlessly haughty, considering all the business we had in hand and what I could have tok him. He was however still offended by what had hap- pened at "Overlord" [when he had been informed of the plans for the Normandy landing only a few hours in advance] and thought this was a good chance of mark- ing his displeasure. I did not in fact see him agam for several months.

REACHED Naples that after--

noon, and was installed the palatial though Comewhat dilapidated Villa Rivalla, with 3 xurious view of Vesuvias and the bay. Here Gen. Wilson ex- plained to me that ell artange- ments had been made for a con- feretet: next morning with Tito and Suhn le, the new Jugoslav Prime Minister of King Peter's Government in London,

a

I then turned to the future, suggested that the right and solution for Jugoslavia would be a democratic system bated

As the Allied forces of Decupation Wili

have to be applied through the port of Trieste, I will be necessary for them to have secure lines of communication profected by British troops on the route through Ljubljana Maribor-Graz.

light tanks, gunbants, and orlilery. I said that we would do what we could, but I warned him that we should lose in- terest if the Buhling in Jugo- alovla

more developed to civil war, and the struggle ngalast the Germans became only a side Issue, The Supreme Allied Com- I had referred to this in a mander koks to the Jugoslav note which I frad sent to Tito wuthorities

co-operate on Aug. 12. We now considered with him in carrying out this the wider Implications of this policy, and he intends to document, which ran as fol- maintain the closest alson lows: with them. Tito had grumbled at there proposals

Is n letter to me;

The desire of his Majesty's Goverment is to rca a unit-

et Jugaday Government,

UFS

Historic meeting between the Allied leaders in mid-Atlantic. The author is shown with President Roosevelt on board HMS Prince of Wales. Behind them are. left to right, Harry Hopkins, W. Averell Harriman, Admiral King, General Marshall, General Sir John Dill, Admiral Stark and Admiral Sir Dudley Pound.

On the morning of Aug: 12 Marshal Titu came up lo Thes vin. He wore magilfeest Kold and blue uniform which was very light unter the collar and singularly wasulted to The blazing heat. The uniform had been given him by the Russians, the peasantry, and perhaps and when we met again on the

come gradual measure of afteranon ot

Mr Aug. 13, and, as I was afterwords 10-

reform where The Stevenson, our Ambassador to formed, the gold lace coras from. Marian

Tho Jugoslavia, and Dr Subasic the United States. I joined him kings were too small.

me Phat. as he hart being present, I said that it on the terrace of the villa

was on operational question companied by Brig. Maclean and fed publicly, he had no de-

dre to introduce the Com- which needed careful study. mu 15 system into Jugoslavia, and also close consultation with if only because mast European the American "President. Gen, countries after the war would

The status of Istria, which Wilson's War Room, and we probably be living under a de-, still remained allan, could not be prejudged. It might be Marshal mematic regime. moved

a good thing to remove it from Italian sovereignty, but this must be decided at the

Peace Conference,-or-if-there-were- none, by a meeting of the prin- cipal Powers, at which Jugo-- lovia could state her clalın.

un interpreter.

I suggested that the Mar:hat might Brst like to see

inside. The

who Wax

Bilcnded by

ferocious locking Indyguards,

ench carrying automatic pistols.

wanted to bring them with him

in case of treachery un our part.EVELOPMENTS

He

Was

in tenall ecurities depended on reli- dis:uaded from this tions between the Great Powers. with some difficulty, and pra Jugoslavia should be able to pro- posed to bring them to guard by the growing improvement him at dinner instea:1.

in these relations and develop lincs. The along democratle

I

1

Russtars hud a mission with THE United States

the Partisans, but its members,

system

the

LED the way

Govers- Into 4 large roc, where mags of the

anent was against territorial battlefronts covered the walls

far from expressing any idea of changes in time of war, and we

discourage ought not to I began by displaying the Allied introducing the Soviet

Italians more than could be froni in Normandy and in- into Jugoslavia, had spoken helped because they were now dienting Qu: broad strategie against it.

useful contributio German moves against the

would making a asked Tito if he

war. The best solution to the mles in the west. pointed reaffirm his Maicment about might therefore be ter the ter-

obstinacy out Hitler's

res Communism in public, but he ritory to be administered under fusing is yield

inch of did not un

wish to do this as it Allied military government territory, how numerous divi- might seem to have been forces

when

it was freed from the slons were locked up in Norway upon him. I was agreed Unt

Germans. eliscuss and in, the Baltic provinces, and he should, however,

Tito raid that he could not sold that his correct strategy the ruggestion with Dr Subaste, would be to withdraw his troops whom he was meeting for the accept an Italian civil

ministration, and pointed out from the Balkans and concen-

that his National lunched together Movement

Liberation trate them on the main battle-

elready controlled and arranged that if the talks frants,

with Dr Subasic made favour- should at least be associated in many of these aty, 20: able progress we should meet

their administration. He

first time that afternoon.

We then

to'

ad-

Dad

Allied pressure in Italy and the Russian advance from the again the following evening. In. Subasic agreed to send us a cast might force him to go, but the meantime I undertook

Letrin, we must reckon on the post draft a memorandum on Juga joint memorandum on

ard there the muller rested for Marshal

letter the moment. map promised to send me a

We then discused how to produce A uite:1 Jugoslav Navy, and how to send bim

billiy of his stoying

I siny affairs, and the As

talked, I pointed on the

to the Istrian peninsula, and on vertain

asked Tito where, it we

were abcui cupplies.

able to reach it from the cast

coast of Italy, his forces could

---be-sent to co-operate with us.

I explained that it would help

speelhe

*

matters

it a small port could be opened ARLY in the day Tito had

on the Jugðalav coast to that met Gen. Gammell, Chief of

we could send in war material Staff 10 Gen Wilson, and been

by rea.

given an important mernorun-

dum on Allled projects in July we hat. Is ria and thereabouts. It rend rent nearly 2,000 tons of stores as follows:

I 1

June 1

to his forces by air, but could In the event of Allea

do

nuch more if we had a although port. Tito said that German Opposition had in~ jensified lately, and Jugoslav loseco increased, he was able 10 raise considerable forces in Croatia and Slovenia, and would certainly operation against peninsula, in which forces would join.

he favour on The Istrian Jugoslav

forcés

occupying Nanthers Austria or Hungary, It is the Supreme Allied Com-

which all Jugoslavs resisting the encuny are represented, and a reemcillation between the Serbian people and the National Liberallon Move ment.

Cause we do not wish to ba involved in Jugoslav political differences.

We should like to seg tho Royal Jugoslav Navy and Air Force working all out for. national liberation, but this cannot be agreed unless first 19 of all duo consideration paid to the King, the con- stitutional Dag, and the closer unity, of the Government and the Movement.

לסנן

I'π-

His Majesty's Government, while regarding Morshal Thỏ and his brava inen with the utmost admiration, are sutisited that sufficient. cognition has been given to the power and rights of the Serbian people, or to the help which has been given, and will bo continued. by His Majesty's Government.

The Jugoslavs objected to iny suggestion that the Partisan movement was divorced from the Serbian people. 1. did t Fress this point, particularly us Tito had said that he was pre- pared later on to muko a public statement about not introducing Communism info Jugoslavia

after the war.

Inzuling seemed to be effected with the utmost smoothness. How much time' will bo taken in the advance fire; _lo Marseilles and then up the Rhono, valley, and how these operations will relate them- selves to the far greater and possibly decisive operations in the north (Normandy), pri the questions that now arise.

I am proceeding today to

taka)

Alexander's headquar ters. It is very important that wo cnsure that Alexan- der's army is not eo mauled and milked that it cannot have a theme or plan of campaign. This wit tainly require a

Conference on. something like the "Quad- ront" scale, and at the sume place (Quebec),

My vigour has been great- ly restored by the charize and movement and the warm weather.. I hope Id see various people, including Mr

Papandrcou (the Greek Prime Minister), in Rome, where I expect to be on the 21st. May I express to Your Majesty the pleasure and encouragement which Majesty's gracious gave me.

ELAY In

Your message

capture

Dome ned the dispatch of

landing craft from the Mediter rancan 10 help "Overlord" caused the postponement of "Anvil-Dragon" 111 nild- August, or two months later than had been proposed. therefore did not in any w3y affect "Överlord." When it was, belatedly launched, it drew nu Nor- down from the mandy battle theatre..

enemy

We en discussed a possible meeting between him and King Therefore none of the Peter. I raid that democracy rrisons present in our minds hud flowered in England under at Teheran had any relation to conti.u.donal mcratchy, and what was done, and "Dragoon" thought that Jugoslavia's inter- caused no diversion from the national position would be forces stronger under a king thun as a republic.

PTO said his country has had

Else- opposing Gen hower. In fact instead of help- ing nim, he helped it by threatening the Iter of the Germans reliring up the Rhone Valley.

This is not to deny that the an unfortunate

optration as carried out oven- expericase tually with he Kg, and I would istunce to Gen Eisenhower by brought important 354. take time for King Peter

live down is connection with his right flan., and the open-

the arrival of another army ot Mihailovic. He had no

objec

tion in principle to meeting the ing of another line of King, but thought

therefore agreed to leave it to him and Dr Subasle to decide on the most opportune occasion.

Later I entertained

Tuo to

07

WAS

that

them

de-

elsion was reached I of course gave

"Dragoon" my full sup- my did port, though I had done

beel to constrain or deflcet it.

(Continued on Monday)

coin- munications thither. For this a that the pu moment had not yet come. We heavy price was paly

The army of tike a deprived of

of its opportunity 10 most formidable blow at the Germans, and very pos-

reach Vienna sibly to

before dinner. He was still confined in might have followed

the Russians, with all his gold-taco strait-jacket and from. But once the final perspired profusely. I was glad to be wearing only white duck suit. On the

way out from the dining room I did a very foolish thing. I saw be His Majesty's Government fore me five yards intend to continue,

away the and if two formidable, guardians, who possible to increase, the sup had once again be excluded. ply of war material to Jugn- slav

that an forces, now

I have a very largo oblong World

reserved. Copyright agreement has been reached gold cigar-case which belonged Reproduction, even partially, in between the Royal Jugoslav to Lord Birkenhead and Government and the Nation- given to me by his family after

was any language, strictly prohibited. -n!--Liberation-Movement.

biɔ ɖoath. This was in my right-hand pocket. I

Kasped They

rotum, it firmly and marched towards expect, in that Marshal Tilo will make them. Arrived within two yards I a pozitive contribution to the drew it from my pocket as if it unification of Jugoslavia by were

were a

pistol, Luckily they declaration grinned with including in the

delight and ድሮ which he has already agreed made friends. But I do not re- with the Jugoslav Prima commend

such procedure La Minister to make, not only a similar cases. statement regarding his inten- tion not to impose Commun- ism on the country, but also a statement to the effect that he will not use the armed strength of the Movement to Influence the free expression of the will of the people the future regime of the country.

on

10

Another contribution while . Marshal Tito could make

the common cause is to agree to meet King Peter, prefec- cbly on Jugoslav soil.

.

His

arc

If it should turn out that am- any large quantities of munition sent by Majesty's Government used for fratricidal other than in self-defence, it - would affect the whole ques-

[The Prime Minister, who visited Ischia and Capri from Naples, flew to Corsica and, starting from there In British destroyer, watched the Allled landing in Southern France on Aug. 15. He com- plimented Gen. Eisenhower on its precision, but remained, as will be seen, doubtfat of Its value).

【· TELEGRAPHED to the King, frem whom I had received a very kind telegram. Prime Minister to the King.

17 Aug. 44. With humble duty. From my distant view of tion of Allied supplies, bo- · the "Dragcon" operation, the

strife

THE SHABBY CLERGYMAN

LEFT ALMOST

ALMOST A MILLION

AMONG the down-and-

outs who shuffled

Italy mander's Intention to impose through London's Eust

government

By LES ARMOUR

Allied military

Nothing less than the million End, none looked poorer, would do. He left his £800,000 In the area which was under Italian rule at the outbreak shabbier or nearer his last untouched.

Yet

blt

collected

The Utile clergyman

claimed

he helped the rich and in- Muential to mend their breken marriages and solve, their per- sonal problems. In return they gave him money for his fund.

To the end he wore a shabby black coat and leaky shoes Eeverul sizca too big for him.

of war, which automatically nenny than Prebendary Most of it come, in the be- suspends Italian rovereignty, William Francis Buttle. ginning, from the poorest of The Military Governor will

the poor. be the General Officer Com-

the Kle clergyman,

But

·overy, penny manding the Allied armies in ' former vicar of St. Chud's, Hag from the poor was eventually the area. It is intended that persion, left nearly £800,000

to ro back to the poor. the area shall remain under when he died recently.

Probendary Butle collected direct Allied administration Behind, this staggering con- "returnable" donations. He took umilit ita disposition has been | tradiction Day a story of de- his money, by bit 10 determined I began

by negollation termination, adherence to a re- sympathelle brakers who help between the to question him about his rela-

Governments markable ideal, and financial ed him invest it prostably conecrned.

wizardry. tions with the Royal Jugoslav

Very profitably. He said Government.

that This direct Allied 'military Just 30 years ago, Prebendary Ár cach donation was matched violent fighting still continued government is necessary. In Butle vowed he would raise a by incoming profit: it was res botween The Partisans and

order to safeguard, the bares million pounds; to ~ provide turned-while the profit con- and lines of communication homes and jobs for unwanted tinued to pile up more profits. Mihailovic, whose power rested

of the Allled troops of oc- ||llegitimate. ⠀⠀ children-1,000 of But the poures of, much of the little, cupation-in-Central': Europw; -|them every"-yaar,

£800,000 £ still a mystery,

WE .

on

VE now moved into a small

sitting-room, and

Gorman and Bulgor help. Reconciliation was unlikely.

Patsersby sometimes “mistook him for a wandering tramp and handed him the price of a meal. But ho seldom ate a meal. His friends say he lived mostly on bircuits.

He cultivated the impression that he was a tramp, for it to collect money, helped him and money was the main pro- occupation of his life,"

Now, thoumder of Hlégiumato children may remember, shabby tual Prebendary Buttle --something approaching a mini,

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