1952-01-03 — Page 1

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VULCAIN Y

SWISS MADE

Macao Governor's Official Visit-Back Page

Congress Party Easily Winning India Elections

FROM IAN DUNBAR

Today's weather: Moderate N becoming NE vinds. and colder.

CHINA MAIL

Calcutta, Jan. 3. India's general elections are virtually over although two-thirds of the country hasn't voted yel.

The results are already obvious - an over- whelming victory for Pandit Nehru's Congress Party Of the 121 results declared they have won 93.

Socialists, Communists, Marxist-Leninists, Marxist- Stalinists, right wing Hindu Mahasabhas, Untouch- ables and rebellious Rajaks the whole con -

vanished glomeration of disjointed opposition has beneath a flurry of forfeited deposits. (Under Indian, like the British electoral law, candidates lose a large deposit if they get less than a certain small proportion

of votes).

The results are surprising us toral rolls which are distributed

224,000 polling Booths - The Congress Party is unpopul

But the Party has great Landon Express Service. Car

The nation- wealth anch

powe

wide organisation was built u during the 30 years bitter anti

struggle, backed

British

by

monstre industrialists, most of the press and herds of joop- borne offrials and pamphleteers. The Congress Pay admits t would be defeated of the peuple were given the opportunity of a straight light But everyone in- seks on taking a ston ani - dependents

outnumber Fights be- tween 23 man frlates are aging in some areas to the gain of the Conguts Puts

Party

can i tales.

Treasure offical- are raking in manc. font last deposits.

who didn't doubt The mall victory was Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, grey-haired but light of

Clearing

East Berlin

By Pick

And Shovel

slep wi:o Was making the to

lection tout !

Berlin, Jan. 2.

The East German Pre- mier, Dr Oito Grotewohl and his wife, Lette, led 50,000| East Berliners here tonight,

the start of a massed biggest, toughest

"pick and shovel" effort. in democratie history.

the heart of East' a lo clear Yet the elections are not SUPER- Handling of the 175 Berlin of rubble and rebuild milton, Luge allterate voles is it. more than the Administration van mange Lists дге accurate and incomplete. al- though half million were

In-

Under the glare of hundreds of are lamps and searchlights, charwomen in overalls worked dde by side with civil servants employed to draw up the elec unsuitably dressed in soft shoes

and dark suits.

HOLIDAY DEATHS

New York, Jan. 2. More than 9,350 persons were kilird in various accidents in the Unued Sutes during Christmas and New Year hok- days, according to the in Les! statistics rekast here teslay, The figure meluded deaths traffic and road accidents, fes and other mishaps.France Presse.

The Premier, and the General! Secretary of the Scctalist Unity Party Da Walk Ullricht.. arrived an hour late for the job! and were greeted with cries of

Where have you been?"

0

Dr Grotowth was

wearing

suit of workmanlike blue overalls topped by a ski rap

kather coat Dr Ulbricht wote

W beret

shield und against the biting winter wind.

Reuter,

COMMENT OF THE DAY

THE

him

Established 1845

No. 35090

THURSDAY, JANUARY 3, 1952.

Libya's First Monarch

El Sayid Sir Mohamed Idris El Senussi, the pro- British Emir of Cyrenaica, the man who remained loyal to the Allies in the Eighth Army days, has become Libya's first King. The 61-year-old monarch broadcast on Christmas Eve proclaiming Libys an independent State. Simultaneously he assumed the Royal Powers.

London Express.

Egypt Interested In Settling Dispute By Mediation

Londoo, Jan. 2.

Usually reliable sources said today that the prin- ciple of mediation remains acceptable to Egypt in re- lation to the Anglo-Egyptian dispute.

This principle is in some degree also acceptable to Britain although she would prefer a settlement by direct negotiation, the sources added.

Britain's 1952 Problem

HE people of Britain enter the new ; no comfortable hopes, and offers no easy

year fully aware of difficult, possibly critical times ahead. The coun- situation try's dangerous economic

calls for new and more rigid austerity in living standards; somehow or other the dollar gap has to be closed, the balance of trade made more favour- able, and defensive rearmament commitments met. The challenge to the ingenuity and resiliency of the British people has never been greater than it is today. The overriding prob- lem confronting the nation is to be able to pay its way. This was heavily under- scored recently by Mr Churchill when he publicly declared that "without this foundation not only do we lose our chance and even our right to play our part in the defence of great causes, but we cannot keep our people alive. If we cannot earn our living by the intense exertion of our strength, our genius and our craftsmanship, there will be no time to emigrate the redundant millions for whom no food is grown at home and we have no assurance that anyone else is going to keep the British lion as a pet." This, it can be assumed, is going to be the note Mr Churchill will strike when he discusses Britain's current problems with Mr Truman next week. He is not going to Washington expecting the Americans to pull the British chestnuts out of the fire. It is the Prime Minister's conviction that the challenge, not only to the nation's standard of living, but to its life, is Britain's own affair. It calls for severe measures, and in a month's time, when Parliament meeta again, many new and probably unpleasant proposals will have to be made. The bald fact remains that the British problem at the middle of the twentieth century-the problem of keeping fifty million people alive and safe in a small trading country allows

solution. It has become plain that no one can fairly promise, now or soon, a higher standard of life in Britain, more especially as the first consideration is for the country to regain its solvency. The initial requirement is to cut the coat according to the meagre cloth. The ebbing away of gold and dollar reserves which stand between the nation and bankruptcy is the result of over- spending, not only by Britain, as Mr Churchill has emphasised, but by other This countries in the sterling area. means that the account can only be balanced, at home and abroad, by self- denial, sound economy and hard work, Whether the balance can be struck at a like the point permitting anything future standard of life which the British people have come to expect is the great question. The danger is national, decline in a changing world- a danger that cannot be obviated merely by taking off the country the weight of rearmament. Peace and national safety, Mr Churchill rightly contends, are essential parts of the standard of life itself, and these two assets must be paid for. The Prime Minister goes to Washington looking to the United States not only for another bolster but for "a good understanding so that we can work together easily and intimately us we used to do." But Mr Churchill looks first and last to the British people to set their own house in order, and in their politics as in their economics to put first things first. First and fore- most the nation has to make ends meet; only by so doing can it achieve security and prosperity. The challenge, has been made and it has to be met this year None will doubt that the people. of Britain will, as in the past, rias successfully to the occasion.

Egypt, the same sources said, would prefer, however, for mediation to be worked by a neutral power-not by a Western or Arab nation. For those rea- So Duggestions that Premier Nuti-as-Said Pasha of Iraq might be a suitable mediator between Egypt and Britains generally ruled out here.

Nuri's earlier approaches last month in Paris and London had rereption in Egyptian a cold diplomatic quarters here and sources close to the Egyptian Foreign Minister, Salah el Din Pasha, at the time made it clear that the moves had no Egyptian backing.

Nurl's

present discussions in London are believed to be con- cerned in fact with immediate Anglo-Irag affairs

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Japanese Recognition

Of Nationalist China TRUMAN WILL DISCUSS Mossadegh

SUBJECT WITH CHURCHILL

Washington, Jan, 2.

President Truman has told Mr Winston Churchill, the British Prime Minister, that he would like to discuss with him next week the ques- tion of Japanese recognition of the Chinese Na- tionalist regime in Formosa as the legitimate government of China, authoritative sources said today.

This immediately raises in an urgent and specific form the most important divergence be tween British and American policy in recent years. Britain recognises the Communist regime in China as the legitimate government whereas America recognises the Chinese Nationalist regime in For-

mosa.

sign

FIJIANS

Talks With

OFF TO FIGHT World Bank

Officials

GUERILLAS

Suva, Fiji Is., Jan. 2. One thousand Fiji in- fantrymen, all volunteers, are scheduled to sail on January 10 to fight Com- munist guerillas in Malaya. They will be transported on the liner Aitarias.

An appeal for volunteers to fight in the Malayan jungles was made on the strength of Fiji's fine re- cord against the Japanese on the Solomon Islands in World War {1-United Press

The present American hope is that Japan will regime soon after the Allied-Japanese comes into effect early this year along lines similar to this treaty.

bilateral treaty with the Chinese National New Storm

Invasion Of Indo-China Feared

>

Washington, Jan. Z. United States military leaders are

working on plan to meet the possible threat of a Chinese Com „munist Invasion of Indo- China, where French

forces are battling a Com- menisi guerilla army.

The French Government was known to have learned some time 3.YO that the

have Chinese

prepared oad to such an Invasion have sought an indication of American intentions in that event.

From informed

sources

it was reported thus the United States Joint Chiefs of Staff had not yet made a furat decision on a con- crete plan of action but that the subject was under constant study and plan- ping

There was, therefore, no Indication as to what form United States military ald to the French forces would take

the Chinese marched into Indo-China. -Reater.

RED LOSSES

IN KOREA

peace treaty

Threatens Formosa to N N.

Teheran, Jan. 2. Two officials of the World Bank who have come here to study the oil situation have had talks with the Per- sian Prime Minister, Dr Mohammed Mossadegh

No official information hag. been released about these talks, but it is believed that the two Bank officials found the Pre- mier agreeable to what is being done to find a solution to the off dispute with Britain.

However, it is also belleved that Premier Mossadegh reitera- ted his views that any pro- posals for a settlement of the issue must be within the frame- work of Persia's oil nationalisa- tion law.

The Lower House of the Persian Parliament wants Pre- MST Mossadegh

answer to official questiona about his policy. For this purpose, it hap ordered the Premier to attend a

Atlantic special session of the House on

I

that day.

The Government, in its turn, wants to put off a special session until January 22. But the House has turned down this request.--Reuter.

A mission would be sent by the Japanese L negotiate the treaty which would naturally involve recog- nition of the Chinese National-

London, Jan. 2. ists as the legitimate govern- A new storm threatened the ment of China.

already-turbulent North Atlan- An agreed Anglo-American tie today as the skipper of the line has not yet been reached lesting Flying Enterprise clung I will therefore be an important alone to his crippled freighter. objective of Mr Truman and Mr for the fifth day, awaiting the Churchill to find solution of arrival of a high-speed tugboat the problem.

racing from England through STOP PRESS Political abel Congressional the heavy seas. opinion are important because

the Congress has not debated The nearly capsized American ratification of the Japanese vessel, abandoned by all except treaty which cannot come into Captain Henrik Kurt Carlsen, force until it has been ratified 37. was being swept toward by the United States.

the English Channel by the TEST MATCH To date Britain is the only isbrandtsen Line, owners of the

officials

country. apart from

Gulf

Stream,

Japan ship, sald In New York. A

which has ratified the treaty.

message from the US destroyer

st

LATEST

match way resumed at Mel- bourne.

Australla lost three wickets The British view is that John Weeks, which is standing for an additional 72 runs this would be unwise in the changby, said the stricken ship listed morning when the fourth Test ing Eastern situation for Japan to commit itself irrevocably to Chinese regime now only exercising de facto control over en island off the mainland of China

a

The British also question whether the Chinese Nationalist reglme can be regarded by any government as exercising what

IN

a 70-degree

angle and was in danger of capsizing In the mountainous waves

"Wherever he (Carlsen) is in that freighter, he is hanging on by his teeth," said United States Navy spokesman here.

A New York spokesman for usually called sovereignty the Line said he did not believe over China as a whole.

Captain Carlsen to be in any A factor of importance to the personal danger, however, And Japanese is that from a long- could leave the vessel whenever term point of view

trade he chose. He said there was between Japan and the main-emergency electrical apparatus land of China is vital to the for lights and plenty of tinned

the of survival

Japanese food and water, economy and likely to become more important than trade with Formosa,Reuter,

WILL BE ON TIME On Board the Queen Mary,

Jan. 2.

The Queen Mary, now speed- ing in fine weather through the Atlantic at close to 80 knots, will carry Mr Winston Churchill

including 28,000 Less During to America on Saturday in time

mutual treaty matters and re- cent arrangements concerning the oil industry of Iraq.

Sources here point out that

2

Last Month

for a day cruise with President Truman on Washington's 'Poto- mac, ship officers said today.

The Queen Mary is officially an-scheduled to reach the Ambrose

On

Eighth Army HQ., Jan. 3. until the outlines of new The Eighth Army policy become apparent there

nounced today that Allied Lightship at 8 6.m. GMT is little chance for a solution of

forces inflicted Saturday, when Mr Churchill is the present impasse in Anglo- ground Egyptian relationship.

16,441 Communiat casual-expected to be taken ashore by fast cutter and transferred to &a Prospects for a get together ties during December, destroyer to take him to might improve, however, if a drop of more than 28,000

Washington new approach is found by the from the previous month. •Mr Churchill bas been work-

Western Powers which would enable Egypt to join the West's

War.

It was one of the lowest totaling steadily with his staff of 35 in his floating headquarters, He defence structure and allow casualty reports of the past six Brain to forget about

the months. Included in the totals W engaged today on the ad- Anglo-Egyptian treaty,

were 10,520 killed in action, 5,077 dress to be given to the Ameri-

can Congress on January 17, wounded and 244 prisoners of

This will be the most im- Whis Egypt, in

connection, does not bar in principle co-

portant speech of his North The December total was the American tour and will put the operation with the West in a

monthly figure available; first major defence project but she

purpose of his Washington visit since the twilight wants it to be palatible so that it

war began in perspective. Reuter.

27 setting after the November removes the stigma of

of the demarcation line and the trial 80-day cease-fire period.

It showed a great drop from when November's

⚫ casundiles Nov 44,729 enemy troops were put out of action. In November, 30,288 Communist soldiers were killed.

tion "of Egyptian te win

a

How the West can projected Middle East Command fit In with these Egyptian ideas no one is prepared to say at present. United Press.

to

Court Quashes Conviction

but the tem- perature on the ship was near freezing-point.-United Press,

the When

luncheon in- terval arrived Australia had scored 140 for 4, and still required 121 runs to win.

Sleep

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(via Manila or Tokyo)

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Frankfurteised the Ponfnaula Hotel, Phones 67685, 57875, 57604.

Washington, Jan. 2. The Supreme Court today re- SEEKS MIDDLE ROAD

versed a narcotics conviction be The highest total of the past cause the evidence in the case Confidentes skid other sub- six months came in October was obtained forcibly from the jects discussed informally with when more than 74,000 casual convicted man's stomach. the Foreign Office by Nuri ·iles were indicted on enemy. Judge F

who Pasha were Iraq's arrangements forces,

wrote the 8-0 opinion, SLOW PACE ACTION with the Iraq Petroleum Com-.

law enforcement offietas in the and some aspects of the Action along the entire 145 case for legally breaking in- |'|'. pany Anglo-Iraci treaty which is mile front continued at a slow to the privacy of the peatloner" coming up for revision, shortly.") pace on Wednesday, Only two The case was that of Antonis

The Iraqi Embray

ald

Norl

Light probing attacks were - Richard Rochin of Los Angeles, had not official - engagements:| ́ported | nearly completa who was sentenced to 60 days today but it was probable that suporta showed that only 24 in gool for powessing morphine he would have further converia-i patrol contacts were made. In in violation of California Law.

(Could, on Back PAID COS, (Could, ou Blok Pate Col. 5), United Press.

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