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WINSTON CHURCHILL'S WAR MEMOIRS: THE THIRD BOOK

The American Ambassador, ba❘ who was my guest at the week- All news contributions to

end, brought me the President's addressed to Editor-in-Chief.

Advertisements

Businessanswer to my message.

Ho pro- communications should be admised that if the Germans struck dressed to the Company CHINA at Russia he would immediately

MAIL LTD.

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DSC and Bar, Lieutenant R.N. (retd), aged 27, in a launch accident in Hong Kong Har bour March 10th, 1930.

CHINA AND THE UNITED NATIONS

Great interest is naturally being shown in the socalled "procedural" talks in Peking between the acting Head of the British Embassy and the Peking Foreign Office. The public will have to wait till Mr. Ernest Bevin makes his promised statement on the subject. Correspondents have no doubt been very active in trying to discover what has been going on. One agency report stated that the Peking authorities were willing to extend the existing treaties for the present but demand- ed that negotiations for a new Treaty should be held not later than the end of this

said year. Another

that Peking had called for British backing in the conflict with the Nationalists over repre- sentation in the United Na- tions, A Foreign Office spokesman in London said this is "Inexact," but it is a fact that broadcasts from Peking had criticised the action of the British repre- sentative at Lake Success in abstaining from voting.

There is no question, in our opinion, but that the People's Government, in all funda- mentals, meets the legal qualifications necessary for both national and inter- national recognition. The State Department might al- ready have followed Britain's example but for the isola- tion and, later, the imprison- ment of Mr. Angus Ward and members of the Consular staff in Mukden. And the decision to withdraw-all-remaining. officials was attributed by Mr. Acheson to the failure of the Communist authorities to ob- serve the normal and accept ed standards of international conduct.

support publicly any announce- ment that the Prime Minister |might make welcoming Russia os an ally." Mr. Winant delivered this important reassurance ver- bally.

THE GRAND ALLIANCE

Contact with Stalin

thing but Invasion

[of Eng-

land. I therefore postponed -- • telling him till 8 a.m. His only comment was, "Tell the BBC 1 will broadcast at 0 to night.

Stony composure

|

By Winston Churchill

our reach. were

Good Morning!

Never be surprised at anything you read in the newspapers, An MP has just warnod Britain about world surplus of food.. A rusher statement you've never heard? Maybo ho'd butter be lidate the position occupied by housewives, or the fat will be in

careful

nat to meat any him in the East.

because now Hitler's forces are diverted to the East and he has not yet had the chance to conso-

the Arc.

"Inpanese ship with rader." If they meant raider, why deuce not say so?

tho

It is still ensler to establish a front in the North. Here, on the part of Great Britain, would he necessary only naval and air operations, without the landing of troops or artillery, The Soviet military, naval, and air

Said

a local advice to the furees would take part in such an, opern- lovelorn article: "Although I am

We tion.

would welcome it if 20 I look four months, she has

that sho Great Britain could transfer to written to say

never this theatre of war something really loved two years younger. like one light division or more at bring back

My youthful appearance has. the Norwegian volunteers, the

who sometimes lod my friends to call could be used in Northern Nar-me baby-face way to organise rebellion against the Germans.

a

to

Nobody offered you », ride in a pram?

•

He began to prepare the speech at 11 a.m., and except for luncheon, at which Sir Stafford Cripps, Lord Cram Germany within borne, and Lord Beaverbrook About 400 daylight sorties were present, he devoted the made overseas yesterday. On whole day to it... The speech Saturday night over 200 heavy was only rendy at 20 minutes bombers attacked

German to nine.

towns, some carrying three tons aplece, and last night nearly 250 heavy bombers were operating. This will go où.. Thus we hope to force Hitler to some of his air-power to West and gradually take some of the strain off you,

Besides this the Admiralty have at

Thus the Russian pressure for my desire

prepared

the establishment of a Second Then, from the same pub- serious operation to come off in the near future In the Aretle, Front was initiated at the very 1shers yesterday we had the "Behind Mr. Ache- and this theme was be established between the Bri- after which I hope contact will beginning of our, correspondence, following

rpour son's

tour speech-making tish and Russian Navies. Mean-

throughout our subsequent

his belief that the American lations with monotonous diare- while by sweeps along the Nor-

people do not understand they gard, except in the Far wegian coast we have intercepted

North, moving North against you.

have gone out towards Com- various supply ships which were

for physical facts This. my nervousness or the cold war and first telegram from Stalin, con- -com- We welcome arrival of Russtantained-the-only-sign-of Military Mission in order to con punction I ever perceived in the cert future plans.

Sovlet attitude.. In this he volunteered a defence of the So- viet change of side, and hits agreement with Hitler before the outbreak of the war, and dwelt, as I have already done in my on the Russians' Arst volume, strategic need to hold a German deployment as far as possible to the west in Poland in order to gain time for the fullest deva- lopment of Russian for-drawn military strength. I have never underrated this argument, and could well afford to reply comprehending terms upon it. Prime

ime Minister to M. Stalin.

20 July, 41,

Up to the moment when the Soviet Government was set upon by Hitler they seemed to care for no one but themselves. After When I awoke on the morn- wards this mood naturally be. ing of Sunday, the 22nd, the news

Hitherto came

marked, more was brought to me of Hitler's they hath watched with stony

of

This Russia. invasion

composure the destruction of the changed conviction into certainty.

had not the slightest doubt front in France in 1940, and our vain efforts in 1041 to create a our duty and our policy front in where

in the Balkans. They had lay. Nor indeed what to say.

given important economic aid te There only remained the task of composing it. Presently General them in many minor ways. Now,

Nazl

helped Germany and had Dill, who had hastened down from-London, came into my bed-having-boon-deceived-and-takon room with detailed news, The by surprise, they were themselves under the flaming German sword. Germans had invaded Russia on an enormous front, had surprised Their first impulse and last a large portion of the Soviet Air

demand all polley was to Force grounded on the airfields, possible

succour

from Great and seemed to be driving for eit

Britain and her Empire, the pos- ward with great rapidity and violence. The Chlef of the Imsible partition of which between. the had for Stalin and Hitler perial General Staff added, "I last eight months beguiled Sovie: suppose they will be rounded up

minds from the progress of Ger- in hordes."

in the East. man concentration in

ap. They did not hesitate to

and strident terms peal in urgent to harassed and struggling Britain to send them the munitions of which her armies were so short.

I spent the day composing my statement. There was not time to consult the War Cabinet; nor I knew that was it necessary. we all felt the same on this issue. The following account by my Private Secretary, Mr. Colville, who was on duty this week-end, may be of interest;

We have only got to go 02 fighting to bent the life out of these villains,

•

·

to

The first step was clearly make such contact as was

per- mitted by the Soviet authorities with the Russian Military Com- mand. Accordingly, after ob. taining

consent the necessary

power- from our new allies, a ful Military Mission was at once despatched to Moscow, We also hoped at this carly stago to establish the general basis of a war aillance between the two countries, Prime Minister to Sir Stafford

Cripps

10 July, 41. Please

immediately convey following message from Prime Minister of M. Stalin:

•

con-

urged the United States hert them the largest quan- tities of the supplies on which we counting, and above all, On Saturday, June 21, I went were

even in the summer of 1941 down to Chequers just before they clamoured for British land- dinner. Mr. and Mrs, Winant, Mr. and Mrs.

and Ings in Europe, regardless of risk Eden,

second Edward Bridges' were staying.

and cost, to establish a front. During dinner Mr. Churchill

Communists, who said that a German attack on

The British

Ambassador Cripps having re- Russia was now certain, and

had hitherto done their worst, ported his talk with you and hav- he thought that Hitler

which was not much, in our facing stated the terms of a proposed Was counting on enlisting capitalist tories, and had denounced "the Anglo-Russian agreed declaration

under two heads, namely, and Right Wing sympathies in capitalist and imperialist war." this country and the USA. turned about again overnight and (1) mutual help without any Hitler was however wrong and began to

slogan precision as to quantity or quali- scrawl the we should go all out to help "Second Front

Now" upon the ty. and Russia, Winant said the same walls and hoardings.

(2) neither country to would be true of the U.S.A.

We did not allow these some- clude a separate peace, After dinner, when I was

I have immediately convened walking on the croquet lawn what sorry and ignominious facts with Mr. Churchill, he reverted to disturb our thought, and fixed the War Cabinet, including Mir. to the theme, and I asked our gaze upon the herole sacri Fraser, Prime Minister of the whether for him, the arch anti-fees of the Russian people under Dominion of New Zealand, who is Communist, this

was [not] the calamities which their Gov- with us now. It will be necessary the howing down in the House of crament had brought upon them; Dominions of Canada Australla. Mr. Churchill and their passionate defence of and South Africs, but in the Rimmon. replied. "Not at all. I have their native soll. This, while the meanwhile I should like to assurd only one purpose, the destruc- struggle lasted, made amends for you that we are wholly in favour tion of Hitler, and my life is all.

of the agreed declaration you pro- thereby. much simplified

pose. We think it should be signed Hitler invaded Hell I would The Russians never understood as soon as we have heard from make at least a favourable re- in the smallest degree the nature the Dominions, and published to ference to the Devil in the of the amphibious operation the world immediately thereafter. House of Commons,"

accessory to disembark and main- Official communications passed tain a great army upon a well-between the two Foreign Oftees, defended hostile const. Even the but it was not until July 19 that I

were at this time received the first direct Americans

communi- of the dim- cation from M. Stalin. On that largely unaware

Not

only sco but air day M. Maisky, the Soviet Am- at the invasion point bassador in London, called on ma

ver to deliver the following message: Moreover,

It

I was awoken at 4. a.m. the following morning by a tele.. phone message from the F.O. to the effect that Germany had

The P.M. attacked Russia.

were

had always said that he was carries its pensable.

never to be woken up for any

sup

was

of

for

นะ

to consult with"

131

3-July, 41 vast Armada of specially con- necessarily be tied up with there was a third vital factor. A M. Stalin to the Prime Minister Let me express my gratitude representation in the United structed landing-craft, above all

tank landing-craft in numerous for the two personal messages Nations. The trouble is that varieties, was the foundation of which you have addressed to me. hitherto the Soviet Union has

successful heavily opposed ing-point of developments which Your messages were the start- any made a very strong point landing.

For

the about this. Moscow has in-i

creation

this subsequently resulted. In agree- mont between our two Govern- that no

Government Armada, as has been and will be Britain had to put up with sisted

ments. Now, as you said with full justification, the Soviet Union and many worse things during which it has failed to re-seen, I had long done my best. It could not be ready even on a the anti-British upheaval in cognise should be allowed to minor scale before the

Great Britain have become fight- ing allies in the struggle against its power, China at the time of the Na-sit in United Nations' bodies. of 1943, and its tionalist revolution. We pre- It would not abandon its veto widely recognised, could not be Hitlerite Germany. I have no doubt that in spite of the difficul- developed a suficient scale

tles our two States will be strong ferred to see it through and in favour of a majority de-

We had not even got an maintain relations, whatever cision. The United States has army in Britain as large, as well enough to crush

the the risk, rather than break remained consistent on this trained, as well equipped as them off. The major differ- issue. It has indicated its one we should have to meet on French soll. Yet Niagaras ot ence lies in the state of public willingness to abide by folly and misstatement still pour opinion, as it was in Britain majority decision, and not to out on this at that time and as it is in the walk out on it. But this is a cond From question of the Se-

summer now, till

chemy.

our common

Tense position **Perhaps it is not out of place to mention that the position of There was certainly no hope of the Soviet forces at the front re-. convincing the Soviet Govern-mains tense. The consequences of ment at this or any other time. the

unexpected breach of the Stalin even suggested to me on Non-Aggression Pact by Hiller. as well as of the sudden attack one occasion later on that if the British were afraid he would be against the Soviet Union-both willing to send round three or facts bringing advantages to the four Russian Army Corps to do German troops still remain to the job. It was not in may be felt by the Soviet armies. power, through lack of shipping and other physical facts, to take

him at his word.

No response

There was no response

from

It is easy to imagine that the position of the German forces would have been many times inore favourable had the Soviet troops had to face the attack of the German forces not in the regions of Kishinev, Lwow, Brest, Kaunas, and Viborg, but thes

in region of Odessa, Kamenets Po- dolski, Minsk, and the environs

United States now. The direc- purely technical point: a de- The tion of pressure is totally dif- bating counter which in no- ferent. We are told, indeed, wise alters the fact that the that President Truman's en- United States refuses to vote tire foreign policy legislation for the replacement of the is bogged down for the pre- Nationalist by the Peking sent by Congressional criti-representatives, cism of the State Depart- The deadlock is, a difficult all and embarrassing one ment and its operations.

Since Mr. Acheson's two round. But when all is said and speeches on the Pacific coast done, the West can best fight last week, critics have been for its case inside rather than heard even in his own Party. outside China. That is the Senator George, a member of lesson the British have learnt the Soviet Government to my the Foreign Relations Com-in so many stormy years in broadcast to Russla and the mittee, declared that the that country, and the reason world on the day of the German of Leningrad.

of it It seems to me therefore ithat Secretary of State could not why we retained for so long attack, except that parts

situation and the military

of the were printed in Pravda. pledge financial or military the influence we had in China other Russian Government Boviet Union, as well as of Great aid in Asia: "he had better and the confidence British organs, and that we were asked Britain, (would be considerably confine himself to moral and leadership enjoyed in other to receive Russian Military improved if there could be est- Misssion. The silence on the abished a front against Hitler in spiritual help it is cheaper!" countries vitally concerned top level was oppressive and I

the

West Northern France, and In Britain, on the other hand, with China's progress and thought it my duty to break the in the Norththe Arctic.

the front in Northern France there is a strong feeling, to stability. The need for a uni- Iço.

7 July, 41

not only divert Hitler's which The Times" gave fication of Western policy in Prima“Minister to M.-Stalin,

the Easty but at the expression, that the United China is almost desperately we are all very glad here that same time would make it hapos- Staten should recognise the urgent. It is to be hoped that the Russian semies are making, slable for Hitler to invade Great now regimes in China. Until the forthcoming conference such strong and spirited resis- Britain. The establishment of the agreement is reached on this of the Western Foreign Minis-tance to the utterly unprovoked front Just mentioned, would bo and merciless invasion of the popular with the British Army, point Soviet propaganda ters will produce that result, Nazis. There is general admira as well as with the whole popula about the) hostility of the though the difficulties Mr. tion of the bravery and tenacity Son of Southern England,

I fully realise the Trifficulties West will have an open field Acheson, faces, in Congress of the soldiers and people. We

involved in the establiment of in China.

y are exceptional In essence shall do everything to help you

that time, geography, and our such a front. I believe, however, In his recent compromise they derive from the one growing resources allow. The that in spite of the dimculties it more should be formed, not only in suggestion on China's repre- alded policy of the now re longer the war lasts the mo

HOLO Kotkoppers the Intercala of Kaur sentation, the Secretary Gen gime, which lavishes edula, help we can give

We are making vagy heavy at cause, but also in the interests eral of the United Nations tion on Moscow and as con- then, bath by day vay and S night, of Great Britain borsolf, whis le urged that recognition of any sistently attacks the United with our Air Force upon all Ger- the most propitious moment for Government should Got 'Statess

man-occupied territory and all the establishment of such a front,

common

munism and Russia. He thinks wo • ого "confused."---

He's not the only one,

Arms and the man.

No, Myrtle, this "G0-year-old canon found buried" did not ecclesinatie grave, Involve the desecration of an

"Indonesian money cut 30 per cent in value."

The same process has been happening here too, judging by the bills I paid the other day.

"Warm in

J

Reception Awalts Spender On Visit To P.L"

And the bigger spender he is, the warmer will be the reception.

I am very glad to get your message, and to learn froin

People attending the New York many sources of the vallant flower show are bringing their Aght and the many vigorous own water

That's nothing. I had an counter-attacks with which the Russian armies are defending Informal show the other night and their native goll. I fully re some people. brought their

advantage whisky.

allse the military

you have gained by forcing the ongago enemy to deploy and

the

•

own

An anti-burglar pistol has been invented which shoots a jet of indelibla orange-coloured water at housebreakers.

on a forward Westerly front thus exhausting some of force of his initial effort.

Anything sensible and effec-

My, my, will their face bo red... tive that we can do to help will be done

I beg you how-

Locally-printed Hollywood ever to realise limitations im-1 blurb states. "Of course, an

posed

•

upon us

∙us by our resources actor can't put much of the and geographical position. From technical into ho acquires to

the first day of the German at-

O curse not.

tack upon Rukelia we have ex- practical use." amined possibilfiles of attack- the ing Occupied France and Low Countries. The Chiefs of Staff do not see any way

of doing anything on a scale like ly to be of the slightest use to you.

The Germans have 40 divi- sions in France alone, and the whole coust has been fortilled with German diligence for more than a year, and bristles with cannon, wire, pill-boxes, -beach-mines, The only where

we could have temporary air

air fehler protectiority

And

part

even

And

is from Dunkirk to Boulogne. This is one mass of fortifications, with scores of heavy, guns command- ing the mes approaches, maný of which can fire right across the Straits. There is less than five hours' darkness, and even; then the whole area is. llu- minated by searchlights....

(To be continued)

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