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FUTURE WORLD

ORDER--

A stimulating and incisive book on the part the British Commonwealth has to play in the future world order has just been published by the well-known writer, H. Hodson..

THE CHINA MAIL, TUESDAY, MAY 4, 1940..

Mr.

G# G

The Sixteenth Instalment

Churchill's Memoirs

A MEETING

WITH MAISKY

About

this

of

divisions, which will threaten the Western frost in addition

at one, and I certainly thought view in high Tory circles, show- the Prime Minister was in full ing to which it will open up for accord. There was present a high cast away all thoughts of class, how completely they hart the triumphant Nazis the road official of the Foreign Omee who party or ideological interests, and to the Black Seq. It is

not built up the draft. When wo Czechoslovakia alone which is separated I was satisfied and re-come. I reported to them what to what a pitch their mood had menaced, but also the freedom lieved. and the democracy of all n ion.

had happened at Downing Street 8 o'clock that night, and described the character Mr. Leeper The belief that security can Foreign Office, Press Department, greatly reassured.

[then head of thu the communique. They were all be obtained by throwing amall State to the wolves is

anow Sir Reginald Leeper] pro- The French Right Press treat-

sented to the Foreign Secretary ed

is the pith:

bind dladnin Matin called It "A clever_lje," M. efforts Bonnet, who is now very busy made by

the British

Prime

how forward in action showing Minister, a German attack is mado

he was, told several upon

Deputies Czechoslovakia, that

that he had the Immediate result must be it, leaving on them the impres

no confirmation of that France will be bound to slon that this was not the British Great Britain and Russia will was no certainly stand by France. Halifax and immediately issued,

This was approved by

in

A

tial of Germany" will increase lowing in spite of the ntal delusion. The war poten-- a communique of which the fol-suspicion iddiadau

a short time more rapidly than it will be possible for France and Great Britain to complete the measures neces- sary for their defence."

[Three visits were—paid-by| Mr. Chamberlain to Hitter in September, 1908, with the ob ject of preventing the threaten- ed German invasion of Czecho slovakia. He returned to Lon. don from the first meating fat Berchtesgaden) on Sept. 17.1 Both the Prime Minister and Lord Runciman wore convinced that only the cession of the Sudo- tan areas to Germany would dis- Churchill, though stillade Hitter from ordering the -an-independent critic of the invasion of Czechoslovakia. The Government in 193, was used Cabinet was pulp, in the Prime On one occasion (as revealed Minister's hands.

They found consulation in such in this extract from his book)

rights of self- unofficial channel be phrases as "the tween M. Matsky, the Soviet determination," "the claims of a Ambassador, and Lord Halifax, national minority to just treat- the Foreign Secretary,

ment," and even the mood ap- 2, peared of "championing the small On the afternoon of Sept. 1938 i received a message front than against the Czech bully." the Soviet Ambassador that he It was now necessary to keep in to backward step with the French Mr. Hodson takes the view

would like to come down Chartwell and

at Government, On Sept. 18 Dala- that the second World War once upon a matter of eydler and Bonnet came to Londen. by M. Maisky., but

urgency: The French Ministers favoured brought into existence, a new had for some time had phase in the history of the friendly personal relations with outright cession of the Sudeten- British Empire, using the Malsky, who also saw a land to Germany They added,

good deal of my son Randolph, however, that the British

Gov- term in the widest sense, thereupon received the Ambas- ernment with France and with whom they had not which can..make-that-institunador-and-after-a-few-protimin Russia, tion of greater influence than aries he told me in precise and consulted,

Bhould

guarantee set out the new frontiers of the mutilat- formal detall the story ever in world affairs.

ed Czechoslovakia, below. The title of his book is Before he had got very far í The British and French Cabinets at this time presented a "Twentieth Century Empire", realised that he was making a

of two overripe declaration to me, a private per- front

melons He maintains that the first British Empire ended with on, because the Soviet Govern-

American Revolution: Idirect offer to the Foreign / was needed was a gleam of steel._Ti-is--indeed-astonishing --thatt

preferred this

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HONGKONG

Abell HouSO

--AIEVB-23811

V.

mont

see me

an

crushed together, whereas what

Office one thing they were

At the Assembly of the Leagu of Nations on Sept. 21 an amelal warning was given by Litvinov [in part stating publicly the facts earlier retalled to Mr. Churchill

adding]

The

como to her assistance, and pledge he was looking for. This

Lord

doubt not difficult for him to convey.

Mr.

I dined that night with Duff Cooper at the Admiralty.+

"It

Ho toid that was only two days agn

When earlier I returned to my manding from the Prime Minis

me he WRE de- the Czechoslovak Govern- flat at Morpeth _ment_addressed_

sed a formal found about 13 gentlemen as-

Mansions, ter the Immediate mobilization quiry to my Government assembled.

of the Ficot. I recalled my own whether the Soviet Union

They were Right-wing Conservatives: Lord tury before when similar clr- mostly experiences a quarter of-à cen- prepared

In accordance with the Soviet-Czech Part, to ren- Grigg, Sir Robert Horne,

Cecil,

Lord Lloyd, Sir Edward cumstances had presented them- Czechoslovakia immediate

Mr selves. Boothby. Mr. Bracken and effective ald

Mr If France. Law. The feeling was passionate.

1

(To be Continued) World Copyright reserved. production, even partially. In any of language). strictly prohibited.

end loyal

lo her obligations, will It all focussed on the point, "We render similar assistance, to must get Russia in." which my Government gave, 1 I was clear

answer in the afirma- surprised, by this intensity

impressed and indeed Live." this public and unqualified de that the second Empire last which might have encountered agreed: there should be no con- ed to a less clearly defined rebuff. It was clearly intended sultation with the Czechs. These claration by one of the greatest

that 1 should report what I was should be confronted with

Powers the

concerned should date with the emergence of told to his Majest's Government decision of their guardians. The have played 11s pari in Mr. the Dominions; that the third This was not actually stated by/Babes in the Wood had no worse in the French conduct of

Chamberlain's negotiations, Empire was the structure of the Ambassador, but it was in treatment. the Commonwealth as it has been known to the world up to the present; and that a fourth Empire has levolved with 'characteristics

of its own.

now

The author suggests that the British Commonwealth has a vital part to play in preventing another world war. He argues that the real issue which could lead to a further world catastrophe is the simple issue of whether or not the Communist theory that the Western conception of Democracy is bound to give way eventually to their Communism or Fascism. If that theory can be proved to be wrong, eventually its false- ness will appear even to the Kremlin and the whole face of world affairs will slowly but surely change.

In the concluding chapter, after reviewing a variety of ways in which the British Commonwealth gan prove_to the world that genuine De- mocracy has a live and dynamic future independent of rival totalitárianisms, he writes, "There is another reason why the British Com- monwealth has a unique op- portunity in this worldwide struggle for the life of Social Democracy. It is now a community of nations of different continents, colours and creeds. ' It bears the main burden of disproving that part of the neo-Marxist which alleges that capitalist democracy in its restless search for markets and materials must be im- perialist in the sense of coer- cive oppression of subject peoples and must eventually be destroyed by their revolt for by wars between rival im- perialisms.

case

have

erials.

Or

the

Ituy

assyni

Soviet Chief Thinks Up A New One

Berlin, May 2.

Re.

A "police terror" against workers and all ""domo- crotic organisations” is now being conducted in the Western sectors of Berlin, Colonel Sergev Tulpanov, chief of, the Soviet Information -Bureau in Germany, declared over Berlin Radio

tonight.

I have always belleved plied by the fact that no request for secrecy was made.

that Benes was wrong to yield. He Mr. Churchill to Lord Halifax, ahould have defended his for-

I have heard it suggested that ix ---

tress line. Once fighting had be- it was geographically impossibl 1

received privately gun, in my opinion at that time, for Russia to send troops into from an absolutely sure source France would have moved to his Czechoslovakia, and that

following information, aid in a surge of national passion, sian aid in the event of way which I feel it my duty to re-and Britain would have rallied would

have been limited te port to you, although I was not to France almost immediately. modest air support. The asked to do so.

At the height of this crisia of Rumania, and also to a leasur Yesterday, Sept. 2, the French (on Sept. 20) I visited Parts for extent

allow of Hungary, to Charge d'Affaires in Moscow two days in order to see

Russian forces to myA

pass through (the Ambassador being on friends in the French Govern- their

territory was

WHS, of course, leave) called upon M. Litvinov ment, Reynaud and Mandel. Both necessary. This might well have and, in the name of the French of these Ministers were in lively been obtained from Rumonia a

asked him what distress and on the verge of re- Gave would

least, as indicated to me by MI. aid

give to signing from Czechoslovakia against a Ger Cabinet. I was against this, as and

Daladier Maisky,

through the pressures guarantees

Grant of a man attack, having regard par-their sacrifice could not

If the Western -powers con- both German and foreign, con- alter Alliance acting under the aegis ticularly to the difficulties the course of events, and would of the League of

tinued to split Berlin, it would tinue to split the capital." which might be created by the only leave the French Govern-

Nations.

Berliners who did not awalst Stress has also been laid upon soon be cut off from its hinter- neutrality of Poland or Ru-ment Weakened by the loss of Soviet duplicity and bad faith. I land in the Russlan

Zone, its two most capable and resolute have certainly not found these Colonel Tulpanov said.

action where Berlin was captured by the

manin.

men.

the

vices in Russian action

In a broadcast.commemorating the Russian entry ·

into Berlin three years ago, he said: "Only we Russians are for peace.

We Russians are' your champions of democracy."

At 2 a.m. on the night of Sept. /ctly military engagements be| Soviet Army and is still situated i

tween Allica were

the

Bovlet authorities could only be "políticall unstable." It was up to Germen democratic, forces to reinstate the city as "the capital of a free, Ger- many.

"We stand for a united

Ger-

Litvinuv asked in reply what the French would do themselves. pointing out that the French

concerned. in the centre of the Soviet Zone, had a direct obligation, whoreks 20-21 the Russian obligation was de- Ministers in Prague called

the British and French But the Soviet offer was in of- he said. "I la, thus decisively pendent on the action of France, President Benes to inform him brought into the scale-against-ministration: --Only-

ignored. onfect

They were not influenced by the Russian ad. The French Charge d'Affaires

-difficulties many," Colonel Tulpanov declar-

ed. did not reply to this question. in effect that there was no hope Hitler, and were treated with an and hardships can be caused to

of indifference-not to Nayartheless, Litvinov stated arbitration on the basis

say disdain Herlin's population if intriguers. ty-which left a maric in Stalin's

of

to him. first, that the Russian the German-Czechoslovak Treaty Soviet Union had resolved to of 1925, and to urge upon him mind. full their obligations. He recognised the difficulties crea!»

the

"before

proption far

Rumania, but he thought that in the case of Rumania these could be overcome.

ed by the attitude of Poland adeptance of the

M. Litvinov thought that the best way to overcome the luctance of Rumania would be through the agency of the League of Nations,

The Council of the League should be invoked under Article 11, on the ground that there was danger of war,

and that the League Powers should consult together. He thought the sooner this was done the better, as time might be very short.

He next proceeded to tell the Staff conversations ought imme French Charge d'Affaires that diately to take place between Russia, France and Czechoslo- vakia as to the means and measures of giving assistance, The Soviet Union was ready to joln in such Staff conversations at once.

ปี

and Britain could no responsibility."

Anglo- Events took their course as if Soviet-Russia did not exist. For Pro- which this we allerwards paid-dearly.—

take

The French Government at cast was sufficiently ashamed of its Minister only to make it this communication to instruct verbally.

Under this pressure on Sept.

21 the Czech Government bowed

10

[When

at

New Hunt

For Sicily's Robin Hood

Blind Alley

"You must not be exploited by foreign powers in the West," his told his •Usteners." Leading American capitalists are having a hey day at the expense of the hard-working Germans. Irres ponsible capitalist groups are do- ing their best to ruin Germany. You must not be misled by the attempts of forces which are only leading you up a blind fl ley."

the Soviet

Repeating

lea allego- powers

ren Mr. Chamberlain_mot Hiller a second time on Sept. 22 at Godesberg, he found that accept the terms agreed the Fuehrer would no longer.

Berchtesgaden. On Sept. 24 the Premier returned to London.] On

Sept. 10 I had visited thei Palermo, Sicily, May 2.

tions that the Western the Anglo-French proposals, Prime

at Minister

Downing

Carabinieri today searched were systematically noting the On the same day, Sept. 21, 1 Street for long talk. Again on the Montelepre

he said the Russian trafic Hills issued a statement on to the Press In-London Crisis Sept. 26 he either invited me or Palermo In another.. effort. to to prevent the export of thou

restrictions had just been in time..... readily actorded me an inter catch. Sicily's "Robin Hood" sands of tons of valuable "The partition of Czechoslo-view. At 3.30 in the afternoon bandit, Salvatore Guiliano, be- and equipment. vakia under pressure

from of this critical day I was relieved to be the head of the England and France amounts celved by him and Lord Halifax bandits

Colonel Turpanov invited engaged the listeners to compare the

tration in Germany with those killed, achieved in the Russian Zone.

who

near

steel

hla

"poor

to the complete surrender of in the Cabinet Room, I presse the Western Democracies to the upon them the policy set forth police in a five-hour May Day results" of the Western adminis Nazi threat of force. Such

ain_my_letter_10_Lord_Halifax of gun battle last night. collapse will

will bring peace

of August 31, namely, a a declarationOne Carabinieri was security neither to England showing the unity of sentiment The bandit casualties were un- nor to France. On the contrary, and

purpose between Britain, known as those hit were removed taking the Arst offcial Soviet

to Soviet soldiers' "be- haviour after the capture of Gulliano has his forterss head-Berlin, he said this had to be

it will place these two nations France and Russia against Hit under the cover of darkness. In an ever weaker and more lerite aggression. dangerous situation,

We discussed at length and in quariers in these hills, and slice ascribed to their "extreme anger" at detall, a communique, and we letter in his handwriting was at having to enter the city over the seemed to be in complete agree-found after the fight, it was be the corpses of thousands of dend German ment. Lord Halifax and I werlieved he took part in the battle. comrades-Reuter.

"The mere neutralisation Czechoslovakia 1lberation

mouna

of 25

Fourthly, he recurred to his Interview of March 17, of which you no doubs have a copy in the Foreign Office, advocating con- sultation among the peaceful Powers about the best method CARNIVAL of preserving peace, with

perhaps, to a joint de claration including the tureEU" great Powera concerned, France, Russia and Great Britain. He belleved that the United States would give moral support to such a declaration.

view.

I sent the report to Lord Hall. fax as soon as I had dictated it,

"The new nations them- †selves, with the world all before them, have a vital role. in what is in truth the battle for the soul of man, of de-: monstrating that the idea of free democratic society is for them as righteous and as and he replied on Sept. 6 in a attainable as it is for the guarded manner, that he did not nations of the West. They t present feel that action of the 200,- have to show that their pecu- would be helpful, but that he kind proposed under Article___11 liar handicaps of differing would keep it in his mind, 240.- races, castes and religions as well as the difficulties of

320,-

forced marches in the econo- fourth British Empire has 350.- mic advance. that they have grown nor indeed does it planned for themselves can always seem to them very 120.-be overcome without yielding impressive or likely to be to temptations of State dicta-serviceable to the varfed hosts 250.-torship.”

of States which are members Of the new form of the of the United Nations, British Commonwealth which” "A more valuable and Im- he sees as drising from the mediate example is simply changes, wrought during and that of the attitude of mind immediately after the second which makes the Common- World, War, Mr. Hodson wealth system work: the at- writes, "It is often claimed titude of tolerarice. Without that the great contribution tolerance there can be no last- which the Commonwealth ing peace, nor any effective has to make to world society organisation for the mainten is-the-example of its own ance of peace.”

Hotel

KOWLOON Peninsula

Lobby

loose yet effective organisa-No more timely book fòr tion. But that example is not this day and age could be readily followed by countries imagined, unless it contained lacking the peculiar historical the complete panacea for all association out of which the the world's "Ills.

Guiliano has been active in the

nourly

province of Palermo ` for Ave years. The Italian Govern-

By Dick Turner ment has, from time to Paraguay

"You'll find a clausa in our uplon conte

pation vihellier you take it or noti".

time.

offered high rewards for informa- tion leading to his capture, hut. no one has given him away, and the Carabinieri, for Home time, acknowledged themselves virtually powerless.-Reuter.

Quirino's Pledge

To Labour

Police Alert

Buenos Aires, May 2. Argentina-reports-indicate-that- heavy polico precautions have been ordered in Asuncion, capital": of Paraguay, apparently because of an uprising against the govern ment

ent of President Higinio Mor Inigo.

Police with tommyguns were f

the, alty

manning-points which control-

Manlia, May 2.reported to be patrollin President Quirino, addressing a important streets. Several poll- huge May Day rally at the Rizal tical leaders are reported to have Memorial Stadium on Saturday been arrested, morning, pledged labour a now The city is reported closed to deal Soma 300,000 people heart river traffe,

and travellers

him outline his administration's approaching by road are sub- proposals designed to unify alt focted to close Inspection before Inbour ranks in the Philippines they are allowed to enter.-United so that they can more effectively Press cooperate with the, management for the Industrial development of the country.

ARABS RESTIVE

IN MOROCCO

Casablanca, May 2.~* Police and troops guarded the Jewish quarters > bf Moroccan

At another Labour meeting in the afternoon, Dr. Jose P. Laurel, who was President of the Phillp= pines under the Japanese, told hile audience that the working classes were entitled to much of cities today following attacks. the world's goods-Reuter, bringing conditional offerings of by the Nationalists to stop Arābu

COMMUNISTS KILLED

paftor: the

holidays

Jewish

Calicut, May 2. Wirst reports indicated that the Five Communists were killed attacks took place on Saturday in gun battle with a police night in Casablanca and search party at Cherupuzha 60 under loader barogEN EMMA miles north of here, it was÷re=lonjsimilar, ported here today.

Several

Arbia soon The Communists, it was stated, gathered in front of the Cat S wore in hiding Beventeen others blanca Mollah, Jewish "quarters." were arrested and seven guns “They stopped cara, anih bumi to l ́and other, arma were captured molest. Jewish pazsengers:—AS÷

Reliter.

sociated PreĘ