1947-11-06 — Page 9

司 公康永

THE CHINA MAIL, THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 6, 1947.

ENGINEERING PAGE: Continued from Page Eight

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Apenta

"GOLD RUSH" Hunting For Minerals

With packfuls of fanciful Anterica's obvious strategy. In, gadgets that would amaze the keyed to projecting this, trans- prospectors of the last century.cendentally-important mineral geologists today are engaged in arena task of utmost dim- the greatest mineral hunt sineaculty. Air transport is the the California Gold Rush of 'only reliable means of com. 1840 whispers reached the munication, River transport is everyday world.

impossible for 8 months of

On every continent, not ex-the year; there are no rail- cluding the frozen Antarctic roads; the entire Northwest- and congealed "sub-continent" Territories are spongy with n) of Greenland, 20th Century hottom'ess "muskeg" or swamp, rock hunters are seeking the which makea highway construe- greatest loden of all time-the tion a virtual impossibility. deposits of uranium, thorium, carnolite, and other radio ac tive ares the possession of which alone will assure a na- tion's place in the sun for the foreseeable future.

Long-known deposita of uranium, moat of them in non- workable concentrations, received new attention when atomle-bomb facta became known. Other finds were reported almost im- mediately.

Not only the wilderness, but also the settled arens of Europe. A uranium deposit was found - ARIA and America are being in Cornwall and another in probed for the all-important Bohemia. One find was report- orea. The major advantage the ed from the Interior of British radio-activity searcher has over] Guinna. Carnetite was located the oldtime gold hunter is that in Portugal and Australia. he does not have to see the ore) Uranium in paying quahtitles to know the mineral la present. was said officially to have been From aeroplanes flying at 2,- found near Las Horns, San Luis 000 feet or higher above the State, Argentina. The Argentine earth, "gelger countera" or Government of President Juan mechanical devices which record Peron at once began angling for

adio-activity, can tell whether Axls nuclear acientists to come| beneath the innocent-appearing to that South American Republic.: surface below, there will be Other deposits of either

13

found uranium. or its priceless uranium or thorium occur in cousins. With gelger counters greater or lesser richness in may eventually be possible, Sweden, Norway, Germany, Belgium, Italy and

น prospect the floors of France,

the ОССДАВ themselves. For European and Aginti Russia. the first time, then, there may he a reason for trying to stake;

out an area of open ocean for a single nation.

What are the minerals which are being sought so avid.y?

Restrictions

Almost every country which | has sizeable lots of radio-active,

Д

STREAMLINED OVEN

A Brown Instrument company employee is seen logging temperature readings, on a mammoth, "streamlined" oven in St. Louis, Mo. Temperatures are recorded electronically at thousands of points simultaneously. (APhoto),

Turbojet Engines

WIDE VARIETY OF EXPERIMENTS

WRA

In

The uses of turbojet enginta er, the Gloster "Meteor," minerala has imposed restric. for a wide variety of purposes, being tested in Britain. tions on their export and mude including use as a power plant 1944 this plane was shooting| plans for state devolopment. to supplement hydroelectric down flying bomba. Investigation and compilation of periods of demand, were men-ahead in practice, baing a mo Norway ordered "geological] schemes to bocat output at prak,

The Germans were slightly "uranium maps," and prounced tioned in an address to en-leation of Whittle's first de- State ownership of all deposits. gineers at the Leyland Motoresight. In 1946 they had 300

Society by other nations.

Comparable steps were taken Engineering

(Great jet fighters defending the Britain).

Rhine but these machines were Dr. D. F. Ellis, B.Sc. Arts, risky to operate and inferior F.R.Ac.S., tok the engineers

to the Gloster.

the approval of Britain and the carried out with turbine ma- excellence Britain has

that experiments were being Because of the insistence on

United States, took over... the

tem-

URANIUM comes from pitch- blende and the yellow mineral. carnotite, usually found in sandstone. It was first found, in 1789, it is white and can be worked. It is very hard, but Canada, under its National not as hard as steel, Water Research Counell, gathered some will tarnish it, it can be burned 250 research workers and, with and, most important, it in radio-netive.

THORIUM is the most com- mon of the "rare earths, and it is found on every continent, hut usually not in paying quen tilles, It was used commonly to make gas mantles for lamps. The United States recently pro-

Other USCS include the build a piloted jet plane cap- hibited the export of mantles

powering of automobiles, made of thorium. It is white, Commission and formed a com-to

Sweden appointed an Atomie which one, British firm hopes sound, but the Air Ministry for able of a speed above that of very heavy, will burn in the pany in which the government shortly.

have a tost medel ready has refused to do this because opon air, and can be diasolved would have a dominant interest, ships. There

anci the driving of of the risk to pilots. So ex- in some acids. It is found

may be France has some low-grade troversy at first over the rela- ducted

con periments are now being con

with most commonly with monazite, uranium ores in the southern tivo efficiency of pure-jet-and-with-instruments that automa- a common mineral in India and part of the country, but depends turbojet. Australia.

Eldorado mining and Refining chinery based on the jet prin porarily lost the world speed Company at Great Bear Lake, ciple to supplement the main record to America, but Ameri- Arrangements were made with plant of sme of the big Brican engineers admit that Bri- the

further tish hydroelectric schemes now tain is still two years ahead provinces that

In design. become property of the National

It would be fairly easy to Government.

uranium deposits found would planned.

and

"robots" fitted

It may be that tically broadcast reactions a r most of her material upon this will

prove, like CARNOTITE, named after

the proximating to those which Madagascar.

difference the French physicist who dis-

between steam would be registered by a live Russia remains the enigma. turbine and reciprocating en pilot. covered it, is used as an ore. Since the atom bomb first rock-gines, to be a question of size] From it is extracted uranium.

ed the world, she has engaged and horac power, The peculiarly shaped, atomic in the most widespread cloud had scarcely rison over thorough mineral hunt in re-boat has already been built for A jet prepolled motor gun the blistered ruins of Hiro corded times.

What has she the Royal Navy by Metro-. shima when the rush for the discovered?. Only iron, coal, politan Vickers, using turbol world's uranium began. It is gold, copper, according to Radio Jet. The main development at not an uncommon mineral. The uranium content of the earth's

present seems, however, to be crust is about .0004 per cent by

In jet engines for aircraft. It weight, which doesn't sound But there are other reports is believed that in some five like much-until one realizes that Soviet scientists are expori. or six years' time, jet airliners that the weight of the cruat is menting with medical applica- will be crossing the Atlantic considerable. Uranium is more tions of uranium. Vast appro- at over 600 miles per hour, at littlo common than bismuth, silver, priations are listed for science operating costs, only a mercury or lodine and it is in cach budget, Russian nuclear over half today's. About 1,000 times more pre-scientists have dropped out of

British Invention ·

GOURLIE & CO. (H.K.) LTD. valent than gold.

Union Building.

Hona Kong.

Telephone 31341.

GIVE MORE FOR YOUR POPPY

This one day appeal to your remembrance and generosity has now to finance the British Legion for all ex-Service men and women of TWO WARS. It helps their familles the blinded men of St. Dunstans.

Moscow.

But

the public's ken.

about it then and the German paper "Flugsport" published a description and diagram of Whittie's invention. It was in 1943 before the first fet fight

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The British physicist, Pro-| And no one doubts that one The jet engine is a British fessor M. L. Oliphant, on a re- of the world's mightiest nations Invention: Air Commodore cent tour of Australia, said the will not rest until it has a wea-Frank Whittle had plready known

deposits of uranium pon equal at least to the weapons produced a workable design in THE WORLD LIGHTER-CONSCIOUS were enough to supply current other nations possess or can 1984. Thero was no secrecy power needs for 100 years. An manufacture.. Atomic Scientista Association Professor Oliphant echoed booklet sald "no method of pro- many of his colleagues when he ducing fissionable material told a radio audience:- without use of uranium is "Practically any industrial knowa is in sight at present" nation the size of Belgium or But Oliphant predicted that by bigger could (learn how to mako the time uranium gavo out, an atomle bomb) in a compara- other elements, probably includ, tively, short time, if they are Ing nitrogen, would be used... willing to devote the effort to

it,"

.

Biggest Sites

And Prof. Albert Einstein hos repeatedly-warned:

"It is useless to attempt to

Spanish Dredger Contract

The largest known deposit of uranium is in the Belgian prepare for protection ; against, Congo, an enormously rich atomle war. There is no defonce African colony which lies, in the now and we can expect now... Dark Continent in a position Most people hope that the comparable to the stomach In United Nations Atomic Energy Against worldwide compoti. a man. Its navel opens on the Commission will come up with tion, a British firm has secured west coast botween French | a. `workable... plan to inter- a six-figure Spanish contract to Equatorial Africa and Portu- nationalize raw materials before supply the crushing machinery' guero West Africa, neither of the nations, fearing, alomie) required in the construction of which contains comparable obliteration, sock' to... agauro by a dam about 260 miles from riches. Geologists estimate the violent means their own supplies Madrid. The dam will provide Congo holda 60 to 70 per cent of the world's most violent sub-| power for a lorge hydroelectric of the world's supply of stance.

power station, uranlum..

Fortunately, the three great] This important order is'n use- The second richeat site is at powers, the United. Blatos, ful contribution to the export Great Bear Lake, in the wild Russia and Britain, each have drive of the British engineering Northwest Territories of Cana-assured, enough uranium and Industry, Machinery bulldurs da. In thle day of trafis-polar thorium for the foreseeable have been got an especially high. strategy, Great, Boar Lake, on future. Until the world's entire target, jeg stop which the atomic safety of the mineral resources are found, a Although their exportstaro Balted States depende, is in an "colonial grab to take over a nearly half as much again na uncomfortable positica, for it uranium-rich territory and so to before the war, their tank in to would find itself in a potential eliminate the possibility of an-step up overeens deliveries to a coinbat zone with an initial other state's getting if sooms figura over onim a half times trans-Arctic kakaults;

unlikelyUnited Press, 2/3 greater by the end of 1048.

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