1940-02-10 — Page 8

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THE CHINA MAIL, FEBRUARY 10, 1940

1*

MIRROR OF WORLD OPINION

"VALUES"

of

moralised population; reallocation displaced population, ́ re-Polonisation A lot of hard thinking is going on of the educational system, replenish- in ment of the Intelligentsia, and, above among supporters of "the Left" Great Britain, and among the "ad- all; the necessity of applying a high vanced" groups and parties in France. order of statesmanship to the solution They will certainly not become pro- of an intensified Jewish problem. In- capitalist. They may not yet realise human anti-Semitic policies of the that their outlook will tend to resem- Nazis are driving tens of thousands of ble that of the "liberals" whom, in the Jews from surrounding territories into devold of past, they have so often scorned, but the "rump Polish State," whose "values" of Individual and economic possibilities not only for the political freedom are now seen to be middle class but for any class. worth defending. It may be hard for In spite of all these bristling dim- the holders of "values," thus trans- culties the Poles are facing the future muted, to escape all at once from the with faith and courage; and sing, as 1795; Jargon and the catchwords which they have been singing since they have borrowed from Marxism. "Poland is not dead as long as we the They feel they may have to speak a live."-Prof. Stephen Mizwa, in different language in future though "Christian Science Monitor." they do not quite know where and how to learn it.

Another change, if not precisely a transmutation, of values has been and

is going on among British pacifists. In their ranks were some of the sin- cerest idealists in our public life.

✡

*

BONDS OF INSULATION

American experiments in insulation to the from the Monroe Doctrine They, too, are searching their hearts "safety band"-yield enlightening les- and asking themselves whether, after sons.

One of the first of these lessons all, there not things for which men is that such policies tend to favour, may rightly fight. One sign of this and to find most support among, Euro- heart-searching is the very small per- pean Powers whose outlook is most centage of "conscientious objectors." similar to the American outlook. In the war of 1914-1918 the percentage was much higher.

of

The history of the Monroe Doctrine will illustrate the point. This is not On the other hand nobody, what really a policy of isolation. It com- to broader ever his or her "values" may be, re- mits the United States Joices in this war. It is felt to be a policies. But it aims at continental grim and horrid business, only to be insulation. To British statesmen endured because the alternative must 1823 it may have been less satisfactory have been worse. Many hope for the than a joint Anglo-American declara- beginnings of a better world when it tion toward the same ends would have is over. If Hitler and Stalin could been. Nevertheless the Monroe Doc- understand this temper they might trine fitted well in the pattern of Brl- perceive that it is inspired by a sense tish interest in the newly emancipated of "values" which nothing they can do New World. The British design did will avail to transmute.-H. Wickham not include acquisition of New World Steed.

territories but rather development of trade.

*

NEW POLAND

Britain's interest therefore was ser- ved by an American policy which would prevent other European nations from imposing their rule in the New There are lessons learned within World. To-day well-informed Ameri- ease with the past twenty years of independent cans recognise that the Poland that will put the contemporary which the United States has main- Poles at a decided advantage over the tained the Monroe Doctrine is due in preceding genera-

that started on the career of nation- building in 1918-19. de- Whatever the fects of the Polish parliamentary sys-

"If Hitler becomes a nuisance, tem, the present we shall know how to get rid of him. We shall also get rid of the generation

had

'big business' fellows who have tasted and en-

feathered their naste under Nazi- joyed freedom dur-

lem. We shall use what Gregor ing that pariod in

Strasser once called 'the anti- a measure that is capitalist yearning of the masses.' only accentuated

The masses will balleve that we by what preceded are in earnest when we put the'

capitalists and what follow-big Industrial ed. They

made mistakes and learn- ed lessons in self- government that will make possi- ble the achieve- ment of a much finer type of de- mocracy, both in its political and so- clal implication.

BELIEVE IT OR NOT

up

against the wall and shoot them as robbers of the people. This will make an impression on the masses of the anti-capitallet 'democracies' also. It will be our finest stroke of propaganda, against the enemy. The 'demo. cracles' won't be able to find any Idea half as good as this one to use against us. You don't belleve me now, but before very long you will see things going that way. This is the real meaning of 'Hitler's'. agreement with Russia."

no small measure -to the benevolent.... attitude of Europe's strongest naval power toward that Doctrine.

A connection though of a differ- sort-likewise between Unitel States neu-

ent

exists

trality legislation and Allled inter- ests. The legisla- tion was intended to insulate the United States from the war in Europe. While doing this it yet operates to the advantage of those Powers controlling the ocean. And it does 80 through the very provisions cash-a n d-carry in- -which are tended as the main feature of insula- tion. The fact illustrates how the United States

interests

The new Poland will have to face numerous problēms and difficulties. First, the geo-

The Poles call it remains likely to find the policies it graphic position. geo-political problem. In the jostle of adopts to protect its own tribes and nations during their migra- tending to harmonise with those of the

the Poles were two great democratic sea powers. tory movements

This situation arises less from sen- trapped between the Teutons and that curious combination of the Slavic timent, it should be noted, than from and the Mongolirn, called Eastern geographical factors and the wide- Slavs, misnamed Great Russians, As spread character of American inter- to ests. It may be objected that the a result, the Poles were destined "live dangerously" ever after. Besides, cash-and-carry provisions may also they got the worst bargain in variety operate to favour Japanese policies in and fertility of the soil, in climate, in China, But these run counter to Therefore natural resources, in access to the sea, United States interests,

In the post-war readjustments there steps like the State Department's will be tasks peculiar to the Polish moral embargo against gasoline-pro- scene, such as rebuilding of objects ducing equipment for Japan, and. Rus- destroyed, nursing back to health an ala ara like undernourished, impoverished and de- Science Monitor.

Pa

Pa

L

THE CHINA MAIL, FEBRUARY 10, 1940

SAD

RED

OF

STORIES

PRISONERS

FOREIGNERS IN SOVIET ARMY

(By Our Special Correspondent in Finland,

Leland Stowe)

Aglajaervi, To-day.

SOMEWHERE BEHIND the Finnish eastern front we have just heard stories of more prisoners. These are far removed from the Karelian Isthmus where we first talked with others of their compatriots.

According to their own words, thousands of the Soviet Union's real proletarians, who had been taken untrained from farms and factories, have been driven to fight against the Finns under the threats of their Bolshevik officers or with the guns of the Ogpu turned against their backs.

This testimony was not given through a Finnish inter- preter but was obtained by direct questioning in the Russian language by an American correspondent who has lived for several years in Moscow.

These fifteen Red soldiers were intenland. He came from Karlshbad a small farm building enclosed with and he was far above the others in barbed wire which serves as sanita- intelligence, Against his will, he had tion centre and clearing house for been forced to join the Russian army. prisoners before they are transported He said the Russian proletarians in` to a main camp much farther behind his division had never attended school the line. The first prisoner inter- for more than three or four years at viewed was a thirty-nine year old the most. But they did not believe father of six children and came from that Finland hack been the aggressor the province of Smolensk. His naked in this war. feet were terribly cold and black "The Russian and purple from frostbite, so serious-about the war," he said, "they just ly, that both legs will probably have march on. In my railroad car when to be amputated.

two

FIGHT OR BE SHOT. "They sent me out to fight with ordinary shoes. That is how my feat got frozen," he said, "I had never been in the army before but months ago they took me out of the field. I had to leave my wife and six children." They take you whether you have many children or not. Yes, they gave us soup and a little bread and that was supposed to keep us happy. never saw any meat."

I

re-

"I

This Russian, who had obviously suffered too much to have any ticence about his experience, said that he had cared for horses in a baggage car on the way towards the Finnish frontier. Then he said: did not want to fight but unless you went ahead you got shot. It you tried to go to one side, they shot at you, If you lay down in

the snow they stuck a bayonet into you."

A

He

A

DRIVEN INTO BATTLE We talked next to a young Jewish doctor who looked not at all like doctor in any western country. stated that he had heard of such cases, but had never seen any. Later we came to another prisoner; he had round head, a wrinkled face and eyes which brightened up to make one for- get the ape-like cast of his features,

"They hit me over the head with a revolver because I did not want to go forward," he said. Then he pointed ruefully to a large scab where his scalp had been slashed open.

a

This old fellow may have been half-ignorant peasant, but he had the manners of a born comedian, except when he talked of the fight.

"As soon as we saw the Finns at tacking we always ran and tried to hide in the woods," he explained simply. "They told us the Finns would kill us if they took us prison- ers, but finally we did not care what happened to us."

soldiers do not talk