1936-10-10 — Page 13

THE "CHINA MAIL DOUBLE TENTH SUPPLEMENT

門

SIEMENS

SUPPLIES AND BUILDS:

Complete electric power plants of all capacities.

Motors, generators, electric ship drives, transformers, rectifiers, electric trains, searchlights. Wires, cables, insulators, lighting fixtures, light-signal plants, household appliances.

Complete telephone exchanges, telephone plants, measuring instruments of all descriptions, electric clock plants, police and fire-alarm plants.

Telefunken Broadcasting transmitters and receiving sets, loudspeaker plants.

Steel-structures, bridges, wharves, steel of any description, Larssen steel-sheet piling.

Electro-medical apparatus, X-ray plants, of all capacities.

行洋子門西商德

SIEMENS CHINA CO.

PEDDER BUILDING

HONG KONG

TELEPHONES 24353 & 24884

HEAD OFFICE:-SHANGHAI ́

BRANCHES AT ALL PRINCIPAL PORTS IN CHINA

The second is I, which, rough- ly translated, means duty, or service, toward the individual's fellow men and toward him- self.

The third is Liew, meaning clear definition of the rights of the individual and of the degree in which those rights may be enforced without infringing upon those of others. In other words, honesty. A clear de- marcation between what is pub- lic and what is private, what is yours and what is mine.

The fourth is Chih, which denotes high-mindedness and honour.

Being a realist, the Generalis- simo recognised that conditions in China are entirely different from what they were centuries ago when China. was a great nation. At that time China could well afford to stand aloof, shut herself within the confines of her own boundaries, and keep out all intruders; but to- day she is a part of a world- wide scheme of things, and, in order to maintain and improve her present position, she must keep in step with the march of time.

So the New Life Movement is based upon the preservation of these four virtues, and it aims to apply them to actual, exist- ing conditions. in order that the moral character of the nation shall attain the highest possible standard. The Gener- alissimò observed that com- munism crushed the spirit of the people, in addition to rob- bing them of material things; that it struck at all the funda- mental principles of moral char- acter. It tortured and degrad- ed the status of man and dis-

possessed

human life of value. In the face of this dismal pros- pect, the Generalissimo decided that the New Life Movement could sow the first seeds of an effort to awaken in the people an urge for a more-satisfying life.

To this end the New Life Movement was launched in Nanchang, the capital of Kiang- si Province.

In Kiangai the first thing done when areas were reclaim- ed from the communists by the Government forces was to send a group of young officers called the Pieh Tung Tui, meaning Special Movement Organisation. to the devastated, sections, to

assist in rehabilitation work. These young officers had pre- viously received careful train- ing at Military Headquarters in their duties and in the objects of the New Life Movement and had also been brought to realise that fairness and courtesy should be the rule in all their dealings with their fellow men.

Upon arrival at the front, the. duty of this group was to make a rapid survey of the local sit- uation, proceed to discover the „ abuses which had borne most heavily upon the people during the communist occupation, and then embody their findings in a

detailed report to Headquar- ters. In the meantime they or ganized co-operatives to enable the people to secure tools, seed, materials for repairs, and other necessities of life at a reason- able rate of interest on long- "term loans. Such assistance

was rendered necessary because the communists commonly had deprived the inhabitants of all their livestock and other means of livelihood and often went so far as to destroy their farm im- plements.

Gradually the government troops completely won the con- fidence of the people. This was well demonstrated in May, 1934, when the Generalissimo made a personal tour of the de-" vastated areas which had just been taken over from the com- munists. For hundreds of miles as he passed through the vil- lages the peasants, with their long-handled spears, red-tasseled and gleaming, waited to salute him, in spite of torrential down- pours.

fend themselves and their homes with long-handled, steel- pointed spears-quite formid- able weapons when used by massed forces. Apart from the fact that a certain measure of self-defence- is thus available to the inhabitants, the greatest gain to them is the psychologi- cal effect of united effort and the development of the spirit of self-reliance, a spirit the com- munists ruthlessly suppressed. In addition to these practical aids to rehabilitation, the Pien Tung Tui materially assists in re-establishing confidence in the Government forces by effective- ly protecting the people against any infraction of regulations by individuals soldiers. If any dis- pute arises between civilians and the solidiery, the Pieh. Tung Tui investigates the matter on the spot and gives a just de cision; but the decisions, curi- ously enough, are generally in favour of the civilians.

Not content with organisa- tions specially delegated to these devastated areas to work towards a better community life, the Generalissimo, before the end of the spring school season, called a meeting of all the middle-school students in Nanchang. He spoke at length (Continued on Page 14)

Along with military assis tance on the farms, Headquar ters sends out specialists to care for the poorly nourished, the sick, and the dying and to provide food for those still able to carry on. The Pieh Tung Tui then organises all able-bod-

ed men, from 16 years of ageles upward, into self-defence corps, teaching them how to protect themselves and to act in con- cert, should the communists by any chance return when the Government forces have moved on. They are shown how to build simple mud fortifications, how to use arms some of which are given each village- and all are taught how de-

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