1930-05-17 — Page 15

SATURDAY, MAY 17, 1930.

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DAILY CROSS-WORD PUZZLE.

(This cross-word puzzle has been made by an expert but our readers are warned to look out for occasional phonetic spellings, such as harbor, plow, and altho.)

10

35

18

19

22

zb

29 30 131

32

34 35

139

143

415

146

50

HORIZONTAL

1-One of the graina

B-Desde

9-To lay out

-11-Now

12-To atain

13-Aurooiste of Arle

(abbr)

15-Parabmal pronoun

5

8

156

158

HORIZONTAL (Cont); 44-Wings

| 48-Compass point

(abbr.)

47-A district In India 48-Confused".. " 50-A light breeze 62-Civil Engineer

(abbr)

16–Churiès Lamb's pen 53-In |

∙17-0f age (Latin,

wbbr:)

name KARA 64-Not concerted

55-A laundry requielte 66-Escapad 18–Feminino form of 1: 57-Tela)(30

Altrad 20-A frucat

58-A knot

w

* VERTICAL

21-A river of Robamla

22-8oft mud

24-A sssport city, in NZE,Italy.

|

VERTICAL (Cont.) 15-To shut in. 18-One of the conti-

19-A desert dweller 21-Molatened..... |23-To origīnate

28-N. Central State of

"U, 8, (abbr.):

27-An ending of

nouns of agency : 80-8. W. State of U.S. ((abbr.)

31-Part of upper

Congo river

| 33–Lift hand. (abbr.)

34-TO URCK

In tight

1-A mountain In- {36-To join W

Thessaly

W86-A heavenly body

2-Tó coma Intà view: |37-Peresnal pronoun

A gulokonad walk- |28-A Danlah king of- 54-Placenta, Ma | England

26-Nominates : Nabila 29-Arabian garment an 29-Capital of 8. Nige -Sumx relating to

|40-Exultent ***

Soleil, W. Afriend" || 6-An Irlaḥnsan.org:41-8coldEGBEN

22-Island group, & W.

Walshman

43-AbiveraKONTRA B of New Quinar- {7-Groups of thraa: 11, 45′′A compass point

13-Andlant country;;

BEDINGTAS – 45-Time period (pl.) *8-To break suddenly: 43-An extinct bird kg | 10-A" Swedish engineer: 49-Fihlón: 135 38-Interlac, chalcedony 11-A holy cityila. 51-Part of "to ba

1. (old form)

elong with

THE

CHINA MAIL.

THE WORLD OF BOOKS

MAIL REVIEWS.

Plays of Modern Japan.

["Death" and other Plays, trans- Iated by Y. T. Iwasaki and Glenn Hughes, (Ernest Benn, Ltd. 8/6d.).]

sre.

The names of Takeo. Arishima, Saneatsu Mushakoji, and Sonza- buro Sudzuki are familiar to the students of modern Japanese drama. Two of these man Already dead, though nelther would be old were he living to-day. Their plays are interesting because they bridge the gulf between the West and the East. There is in them an extreme rapprochement between the modern western and the ancient Japanese drama which has resulted in work of extraordin- ary vitality. These three play- wrights belong to the group which has succumbed to European fashions and ideas. The turmoil born of the swift meeting of Eastern and Western cultures has Immersed every phase of Japanese life, and the theatre has been in the very midst of the swirl. Tolstoy, Ibsen, Shaw, Strindberg, and O'Neill are the Western forces whose Impact has been most strongly felt, and it is not hard to trace in the modern Japanese drama the technical methods as well as the social and moral philo sophies of these men.

In reading any of the three plays presented in this volume one will irresistibly be reminded of Ibsen, Shaw and Tolstoy, but beneath that resemblance lurks the spirit of oriental tradition-a naivete which is found only in Russia and the East. They serve, however, to lay bare the Japanese character in a way that could not otherwise be accomplished. There is something pathetic, brave and dogged in the Japanese struggle to assume the superficialities of Western culture; for she can never go deeper than the apparent, neither can she lose entirely her own unique racial characteristics, The meteoric rise to place among the powers of the world is an achievement only paralleled by the growth of the British Empire, which had its origin in little Eng- land.

2

Shavian Resemblances.

The first of the three plays, "Death," by Arishima, bears a striking resemblance to "The Doe- tor's Dilemma." if one omits the Shavian barba. A woman is dying of tuberculosis. She is attended by a doctor and a nurse: her tem- perature is taken, injections are given, oxygen is administered: everything is entirely modern and Western. But at intervals Death, attended by men in black, is visibly present and speaks; a flickering lamp symbolises the woman's fading life.

The play records dramatically the psychological phenomena of feverish dreams and the emotional crises involved in death. The sym- pathy and tenderness of the hus- band will doubtless surprise many European readers; the whole play is as moving as the best passages of Dickens,

"A Family Affair".

The second play, "A Family Affair" by Mushakoji, is perhaps the best example of the Western Japanese school. Indeed, it might

"A

CHINESE ETERNITIES.

Short History of Chi nese Civilisation." By Dr. Wilhelm. With an Introduc- tlon by Dr. Lionel Giles. Translated by Joan Joshua. Illustrated (Harrap and Co. 129, 6d.) "Pulling Strings in China." By W.

F. Tyler. (Constable. 15s.) "The Jade Mountain: A Chinese Anthology of Poems." By Wit- ter Bynner and Klang Kang hu. Alfred A. Knopf. 12 6d.)

(By Lady Hosle in The Observer,) Truly in history, beyond any other subject, doth man appear a dweller, in eternity.

were properly brought up on Capt. | Marryat, Michael Scott, and Henty, and who enjoy a mixture of history and .stirring living. It begins-

My father was a village par- son, who had been left by his father a comfortable fortune, but his family numbering nine, he made investments to increase his income, and thereby loat the lot.

Naturally, therefore, young Tyler, at the age of twenty-nine, was helping to take the Chinese feet into action as Commander of the Flagship at the Battle of Yalu. Physically, the effects of the en- counter were disastrous for him: but mentally they braced him to An old Chin-continue his career in the same ese friend of ours, a Government line. It is a breezy tale he tells of the historian, who withdrew from office of his life in China and

which ho, Д Briton, at the 1911 Revolution, spent his service last years in his library: modest in rendered her. Some may dub bim a Diehard, but he is a very like- size, but well lined with folios. He sought consolation alternatively; In able one. After all, he and his Buddhist sutras with their hope of sort have lit the coasts of China ultimate deliverance from mortality with lighthouses, charted her seas of Borrow without and shoaling rivers, and fought this "sca shore," as they call it; and in his her smugglers. Could their critics neat piles of thin yellow paper trea- show as fine a record? How he tises on Chinese history. He would struggled to keep the Chinese Navy slip out a fasciculs, with Its tag to clear of politics! When luck fall- mark a place, run his finger downed in one course he hauled in his the ideographs, and fake refresh- sheet and tried another tack, like ment from the realisation that again a brave man. He generously ad- and again China had been plunged mite that missionaries are not re- into blood and turmoil: yet had sponsible for all China's changes. progressed and expanded and como Seeing the innovations he intro-

duced himself, this appears true. -- to greater stability.

#

*

*

*

*

*

Dr. Wilhelm's theme in his new Mr. Witter Bynner, an American Short History of Chinese Civilisa-pact, has been for many years

with One in collaborating

Mr. Kiang tion" is much the same. famous Emperor "burnt the books" Kang-hu, a Chinese scholar, and and buried alive the scholars"; but has now published an anthology in Barbarian "The Jade Mountain" of three scholarship remained. tribes ravaged Chinese territories hundred Tang Dynasty poems. as the Goths ravaged Rome. Roman culture conquered the Goth, affirming that he has "begun to and Chinese civilisation tamed the receive a new, finor, and deeper It would appear that the education" through studying Chl- Tartar. philosopher and the historian, the nese poetry than from the Greeks. poet and the artist, are indestruction the "turgid, subjective, distort- bly part of man's vital essence. ed, elaborated, beauty of the Still, Tang poetry is Dr. Wilhelm writes soberly, and he Hebrew!" has certainly escaped the danger into always delightful with its admir- злуя one school of able composition and pictured de- which he Chinese historians fell of "dis.licacy; and these he has captured. The sand below the border- coursing elegantly without penetrat-

mountain lles like snow, ing deeply." Yet he has flashlights.

But To be sure, Mr. Bynner starts by

The Chinese method of building with wood and tiles, coupled with the habit of neglecting repairs, is not conducive to the preservation of monuments of architecture for centuries. Notwithstanding

the Impermanent nature of the wooden structure, however, we may feel certain that the method of construction in antiquity did not differ essentially from that ⚫ of to-day.

His comment la luminous:

The vital core of civilisation is actually more stable than stone and bronze.

He adds:

No man knows how long this | germ of civilisation will continue to live, for it is undeniable that the penetration of European and American customs is causing. It rapidly to disintegrate.... The schools, formerly the fostering- places of the old civilisation, have long since been Europeauis- ed, and an ever-increasing num- ber of educated Chinese are to be found who... are less appre- clatire of it than is many a foreigner.

of

And the moon' like frost be-

yond the city-wall,

He has rendered the tenderness

:

Wel Ying-wu's poem.

To my daughter on her mar- riage into the Yang family.

My heart has been heavy all

day long

Because you have so far to go. The marriage of a girl, away!

from her parents,

Is the launching of a little boat on a great river.

. You were very young when your mother died, Which made me the more ten-

der of you.

Your elder sister has looked

out for you,

And now you are both crying

and cannot part.

It's an excellent family; they

will be kind to you. They will forgive you your mis-

takes.

I turn and see

daughter

my younger

With the tears running down

her cheek.

But Chinese poetry is not at all Like the Mississippi and the only concerned with dreams and Missouri, the rivers of Eastern and tears, moon and shadow. I could Western thought have tapped diat- wish more of its translators and ant sources; but to-day they versifiers would take a leaf from are mingling, and henceforth East Mrs. Ayscough's book, as witness and West can never think apart her translations of Tu Fu, and let again. Dr. Wilhelm's readable and us have some of the sustained and constructive volume could well be stronger, even fierce notes of the included in our history schools. Chinese spirit. There are astonishing parallela with European periods. The hunt-

well be an early work by Ibsen or Tchekov. The dialogue at times in completely Shavian, yet emanating from each character is the cherry blossom perfume of old Japan.

"Burning Her Alive," by Sudzuki, is written around one of the oldest plots in the world, yet the quiet and unemotionalism of the actors in this tragedy plainly ing expeditions of China's early feudal barons and the oppression declare their Eastern aesthetic orlof the farmers might be pictures of gins.

of

England under Willam Bufus. In bringing these plays

The callousness towards the pea modern Japan before the English-gants reminds one of France be- reading public, Mr. Glenn Hughes fore her Revolution About the and his co-translator have enabled us to see the Japanese people in time of our Doomsday Book, Wang An Shih thought out a Communis- true perspective. As one peruse the system and tried it on Chinese these pages it forcibly dawns on' one that the Japanese are the only people. He was unpopular. peoples of the. Orient who possess anything like a kinship with Oc- Just occasionally Dr. Wilhelm Is cidental moral and intellectual inclined to condone some unplena- Mining feature; but his aim is to giva ideas.

This trilogy, which is prefaced the refined gold rather than the by an admirable Introduction on straw and stubble of another na the Japanese drama by Mr. Glenn tion's culture. One can always Hughes, deserves a place on the turn to the French sinologues, with bookshelf beside the best plays of their incisive logic, for counter- balance. A thoughtful preface by the century.

R. S. Dr. Lionel Giles emphasises the powerful effect which the written Chinese Ideograph has had fa keep. ing Chinese culture intact during the centuries. Dr. Whilhelm sag gesta that European progress in the sciences has been much helped by the Immutability and free- masonry of mathematical signs, with their independence of pro- nunciation, and quotes Lefonis In support. The transistor has done her task so well that one is not aware of its being a translation. There are good filustrations, most ly of works of Chinse art

YESTERDAY'S SOLUTION OUBLENS ONFONS M ATTESTS MEER BAR

ANS TRIAL

13

TO

S DEAR LOANS

D

EBB TEARS

LBA ·NBG

AER

NGENTS VI

*NED WIPEN-NNE

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Malmberg, care of Blue Funnel Antenor, from London, Po.

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The following unclaimed tela. trams are lying at the office of the Great Northern Telegraph Com pany (Limited) of Denmark Towel from Shanghai. Galthwong, from Jeannette,

JESSEN Superintendent.

1980)

Penn

Captain Tyler's "Pulling Strings In China” is, in its way, equally a valuable record of a China thalik Hong Kong, Ma passing. It will appeal to all who

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