THURSDAY, MARCH 21, 1929.
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DAILY CROSS-WORD PUZZLE.
(This cross-word puzzle has been made by an expert but our readers are warned to look out for necasiona! phonetic spellings, such as harbor, plow, and althe,)
E
13
14
16
20
121
24.
126
27
19
鹏
THE CHINA MAIL, CHINA-MAIL,
CONJOINED TWINS
THEIR PSYCHOLOGY
TWO M MONSTERS
DISCOVERY OF SIAMESE TWINS RECALLED
mother that they were born been removed by surgeons from without difficulty; he saw them the abdominal cavity of children when they were 18 years of age. and under conditions where the Sir William Fergusson examined question of extrauterine gestation them (1829) in regard to the does not arise. question of separation, and did W. Roger Williams has, with hot favour operative intervention. conspicuous literary diligence, The twins were exhibited in New collected from current medical York as Chang and Eng Bunker.literature more than 100 exam They were skilful at battledore ples of teratoid tumours and and shuttlecock, became affluent, analysed them ("Medical Journal and married two sisters-daugh- and Record," New York, 1927): ters of a Wesleyan minister. In the British medical journal Chang had ten children and Enged reliable reports of parasitic For many years I have collect- is published the following lecture twelve. The twins were shown twins in order to grade them. delivered to the Leed's University in England in 1889, and were What is set down in regard to the Medical Society by Sir John seen again by Fergusson, and he abdomen is also true of the head, Bland-Sutton, BL., LL.D. decided against separation. The thorax, and pelvis. There is this F.R.C.S., Consulting Surgeon to desire for separation had increas. disquieting fact in regard to ex- the Middlesex Hospital:-
ed "as each family wanted to have termal teratomas of the sacral Women shall bring forth mon-a father all to itself."
region-they are liable to be the sfers.- Esdras v. 8..
seat of malignant disease..
A SURGEON'S. STUDY
.
Chang-Eng died in 1874 with, in two hours of each other, aged 63,.
Parasitic Twins
Conjoined twins, or monsters,
One of the surprising speci- which is the vulgar name for
mens in my series is a black pig- these unfortunate human beings,
ting, double in everything except have interested the world for cen- In the case of duplex twins, its head. On close examination turies. Anatomists one hundred when one of them is incomplete, I saw evidence of reduplication in years ago called them "freaks." In the well-developed twin is known the maxillae, and hunted around museums of pathology many as the autosite; the imperfectly to find the extra mandible. To double foetuses are preserved and developed twin is called the para-my astonishment I found it in the shown to visitors as curiosities. site. This variety of conjoined pharynx, malformed but contain- This la pardonable because it was wins is called parasitic twins, ing teeth, and hanging by a stalk impossible to give an explanation (The parasite assumes various from the pharyngeal surface of of such conditions on account oforms; when the head is lacking the sphenoid bone. the ignorance of the prime facche parasite is said to be acephal The interest of this little pig tors concerned in animal repro-bus. In such a condition the ana(which is preserved in the Tera- duction,
comical relationship has been tological Gallery of the Royal Col- Conjoined twins interest em- graphically described "as if the lege of Surgeons) is the support bryologists, doctors, midwives, parasitic twin had plunged its it gives to this opinion-"Pharyn
urgeons, and psychologists. heed into the autosite's breast." geal teratomas, are portions of the One Ovum, One Embryo A good example is Laloo, an in-ephalic end of an undeveloped in- Embryologists are mainly coned in London, aged 17 years. I
Celligent Hindu, who was exhibit- lividual." cerned with their origin.
A Life of Bondage The psychology of conjoined ovum, as a rule, gives rise to onexamining Laldo with the late wins is a curious problem; such had an opportunity of thoroughly embryo; not infrequently an ovum may be the source of two joint report for the Pathological infortunate as to be hampered S. G. Shattock, and drawing up a ouples, as well as individuals so embryos; each may be a separate Society of London. individual, be bora, mature, mani- Laloo many times since. He was objects of pity. Most of them are I have seen with a parasitic twin, should be fest average mental capacity shown as "a boy and girl joined on to parents in poor circum- physical power, and reproductive together alive." ability. Mammals are known in
There was no stances and when they survive which a single ovum may give doubt about the sex. They were their birth are apt to fall into the rise to several embryos. Thus developed external genital organs. exhibit thent for gain. Few can males, each with well-aands of crafty showmen who the nine-banded armadillo, Tatusia novemcincta," from one tical. I know of no exception.
in conjoined twins the sex is iden- hope to be as lucky in respect to ovum four embryos normally
money as Chang--Eng. They arisc. They
A well-known pair exactly like accumulated money, married, and are of the
Laloo is the Chinese boy A-Ke. America. The Civil War ruin- called poly-There is a clay model of this boyed thera. They went on show and lived comfortably on their farms
in the Museum of the Royal Col
in
140
same
sex This embryony.
32.
36
37
34)
14243
45
46
47
140
149
50
51
52 153
154
155 56
574
5В
59
161
64
163
65
HORIZONTAL
1-A king of Crete
5-To press into a
maga, as cotton
7-The largest voican:
in Iceland
11-A Japanese
statesman
2-Unextinguished
brand
3-Heavy one-edged
cavalry word
5 Sylvan spirit
17-A beverage from
систо-вест
19-Father
67
©THE INTERNATIONAL BYNDICATE.
HORIZONTAL (Cont.);
51-Attentive
consideration 52-Precious stone
4-Units
-Italian city 58-A river In the
'Crimea
VERTICAL (Cont.) 18-One thousand (French)
20-An ancient town by the Sea of Galilee. 21-Quack
24-Companion
26-Exist
69-An African giraffe.28-Heavenly body
-like ruminant
61-The (French)
62-Eskimo boat of
ekins
63-To parch
64-Repeatedly
65-Lets stand
30-Pertaining to a city 68-A river in S. E.
2-A lady of King
Arthur'a court
3-An herb of the bean).
family of India 24-Strike lightly 25-Interjection 27-A wing 28-Pertaining to a hair
31-Word of honor 38-Man's name.
36-Printer's measure
37-To engage in
bolsteraus
festivitica
38-Mother
Russla
67-To penetrate
VERTICAL 1-High-table-lands 2-Stylish (lang) 3-An herb used in
Boups 4-To plead S-A large American
deer
6-Centradiction
7-Warp-yarn
8-Tc dry up
29-Wharf
30-N. American Indian.
31-A foot (Latin) 32-Relative (abbr.)
34-Interjection.
Contempt
35-Nothing
40-To decorate paudily
41-To sin
43-Title of respect
44-Dropay
46-Hidden ¡47-Motive
48-Plifers (slang).
49-Peas collectively 52-To reflect the flash
of
9-The monetary unit 52-The (French)
of Sweden
153-Constructor
55-Point of low land
extending into
water
158-So be it
office 62-One of the
Shoshonean tribe of Indiana
42-Man's name (Heb.) 10-Land that has been 60-Those who are in
39-11 temper
43-A calcarerous rock
tlifed (Spanish) quarried in Italy 14-Ringed bba
13-A casual occurrence 16-A broad street
30-Grieve over
(abbr.)
Embryologists are
One
occupied
two
with the experimental production edge of the A-Ke-pair is based other hand, A-Ke's father_be. lege of Surgeons. Our know. recouped themselves, On the of double creatures such as star-ntirely on a description drawn longed to the poorest class of fishes, newta, salamanders, and up by J. Livingstone, a surgeon Chinese husbandmen, and was the like.. The eggs of such in Hong Kong, in 1804. At that content to let his encumbered aquatic forms are large enough to late A-Ke was aged 16. permit of delicate manipulation,mother died from the effects of poses.
His son "on hire" for exhibition pur- and some experimenters are sofabour. I have a manuscript copy penny sterling) was the price of Ten cash (less than a clever that they can divide the de- of veloping ovum, either with an which contains a brief, but pathe. ord there is this note: "When Livingstone's description, admission. In Livingstone's re- extremely fine needle or a fine sterilised hair, without arresting tions of this poor lad; also a passes it at the same time, whe tic, report of the domestic rela-A-Ke passes water, the parasite the growth of the ovum, and then crayon portrait of him observe the fragments develop
ther the urine is voided for neces- into complete individuals, or be
Dreadful Life of Bondage
sity or to gratify the curiosity of come monstrous forms. In one lations of parasitic twins are but his headless and heedless parasi- Now that the anatomy and restrangers.". In the case of Laloo, lucky instance an embryologist ter understood surgeons should tie brother voids his urine inde (Clarke), studying the develop-
be stimulated to remove them, pendently without warning, and ment of the American salaman- and spare the autosite not only a usually over him, causing much der, noticed something unusual with the anterior extremity of the dreadful life of bondage, but the discomfort day and night. medullary fold; he set the egg exhibited for gain in public shows. disgust and ignominy of being aside and had the satisfaction of watching the development of a two-headed salamander.
That this is possible will be de- monstrated in a later section of this lecture. In the case of Laloo we have a lad encumbered with a
Surgery and Conjoined Twins
In relation to conjoined twins, the thought uppermost in the minds of the parents is the hope of separating them by a surgical operation. In many instances
headless acephalous-brother. A this is impracticable, In the rarer form is a limbless parasite known instances where it has attached to an otherwise.. well-been carried out the life of one formed individual. Such a twin of the twins was sacrificed and may be conveniently described as in a recent case (1927) both twins died. Dr. Boehm in 1861 separ "capitate"
ated conjoined twins-girls-a | few days after birth. One died on the fourth day after operation; the other survived.
the reports run: "the twins born ume
Regarded As Portents
was
twins
The Orissa twin sisters Radica
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Conjoined twins are common among salmon-fry in hatcheries; they have also been observed.in many classes of vertebrate ani- mals-fishes, reptiles, birds, and mammals. Examples are preserv- ed in all well-stocked 'anatomical museums throughout the world. Doctors and midwives are con
My knowledge of this rare cerned in the delivery of twins variety of parasite rests on an ea- especially the birth of monsters, graving which Dr. Dan McKenzie but mainly in regard to the safety found in a second-hand book shop of the mother. Judging from and sent to me. I have failed to the large number of monstrous End a detailed description of this Doodica were shown in London: twins preserved in museums, con rare example, but there is an en-in 1893. At their birth the in- joined twins rarely survive their graving of him in the "Gentle-habitants of the village, instigat birth. In some cases Caesarean man's Magazine," 1777, xlvii, 424,ed by Brahmins, put the whole section is required. In many in-and, it is stated to be from a pic family in prison on the supposi-the case with Violet Daisy anotomy. at Copenhagen. At stances the mothers are multi-ture in the museum of Sir Hans tion that the twins were the in Hilton, born at Brighton in 1909. that date the twins were 28. It The "Journal for the carnation of the devil. When These twins were described by is worth notice that Lazarus was parous; in some of the best known Sloane,
year
containa, saw them they were attractive Dr. James A. Rooth as being unit of a just stature, courteous in also without difficulty." The mother an engraving of the conjoin-little children and danced dainti ad at the sacrum pygopagous deportment, and gallantly attired. of the Siamese twins Chang-Eng | ed
Lazarus-Johannes ly they had silver bells on their twins with a single anus. Their He covered the body of his bro Lated that the hend of Colloredo.
These twins will be necklaces, bracelets, and anklets. mother, panic-stricken when she ther with a cloak, as presaging one twin was between the legs of considered in a subsequent see Eight years later Doodica de saw her offspring, forsook them that when he died, he should also the other, and they were born on
veloped signs of abdominal tuber and fled. They were nursed by a expire with the stink and putre- easily. When
Teratold Twins (Teratomas) Laloo
culosis. Dr. Doyen, a French sur-foster-mother, who married a faction of his body. Lazarus born, the arms of the parasite In order to emphasise the dis-geon, separated them, and Radica showman. They left England therefore took the greatest care were around the neck of the auto-tinction between a parasitic foe-survived.
when three years of age and were of his smaller brother. This is a site.
tus and a teratoma it may be In 1927 2 male child, Karamet exhibited in various countries. good example of kindness for self- stated that if the brother of Laloo Hussain, was born in a village As the children grew the uniting ish reasons, or the limbless brother of near Gujarkhana, India, Attach-band, mainly In Eastern countries conjoined James
of skin, became It is established that, as a rule, Poro, were inside ed to the child was an acephalous flexible and allowed the girls to in the case of conjoined twins the twins of any kind are regarded the abdomen of the autosite it parasite which, in its mode of at- face each other so that they can death of one is quickly followed. a portents. When Chang Eng would be called ateratoid-tumour tachment to the autosite, were born the King of Siami, con-shortly, a
was "fight,
play, or caress each by the death of the companion. teratoma, There the counterpart of Laloo. other." ceiving them to be monsters, would be this difference only: When born the parasite had its other plays; external genitals Rose Josepha Blazek, born at One can sleep while the The fate of the pygopagous twins magined they portended evil and the teratoma would be enclosed, arms around its brother's neck, complete in each; anus common to Prague and known throughout the designed them to be put to death or sequestered, in a sae. Twins and was born without difficulty. both; mucturition individual; sur world as the Bohemian Twing, is ("Phil. Trans.,": 1830, 177).
Surgeons critically study con- to eurgeons.
of this kind are of great interest The mother was multiparous, gical separation impracticable. worth recording on
asted 35.
account joined twins because they have to
showman speaks of of its pathos. Josepha had Foetus in Abdomen' exercise their wits as to the pos-In 1808 Dr. G. W. Young des
A Clever Operation
their health and beauty." pneumonia followed by catar-
áre A month after birth the para-They sibility of separating them suc-cribed to the Medico-Chirurgical site was growing rapidly, "and musicians, can play the saxo- 1922, aged 44. Rosa refused
intelligent,good rhal jaundice in Chicago in t Sessfully. This matter has re- Society, London, "A foetus found the parents were afraid that the phone and other instruments, and to be separated from her sister. ceived attention in individual in the abdomen of a boy." In this life of the child would be trou- they have acquired a comfortable Josepha died first, Rosa died cases from surgeons of the high-instance a large cyst was found in blesome, and sought the aid of fortune. A report more laconic fifteen minutes later. Rosa's last est reputation and skill;
the belly of a male infant aged 12 surgery Luckily aid was ren- and quaint would be difficult to wish was that she should be Although the object foremost months. A post-mortem examin-dered by Captain D. D. Kapur of conceive. Dr. James Rooth has allowed to die with her sister. in my mind in this lecture is to ation was made, and the cyst, or the IMS, and by a clever opera-furnished an excellent account of Rosa's son insisted on his discuss the psychology of these bag, contained, in addition to a tion he relieved he child of its the delivery and infancy of the mother's wish being respected, persons who, when inseparable large quantity of fluid, the pelvis, parasitic brother. The autosite Brighton twins in the "British saying he preferred being an Surgically, are condemned to a lower limbs, and external genital was one month old at the time of Médical Journal, 1911, 1, 653 orphan to denying his mother's life of bondage, it will be neces-organs of a foetus.
the operation. Five months later Apart from the many disagree- last request. At the age of 52 sary to describe some examples Circulars have been issued by illustrating the various forms of a teratoma is of interest. Is well and growing nitets
The nature of the investment the child was reported fit and fables incidental to such unions, Rosa fell in love with the show the Chinese General, Shanghai City such twins assume,
there is this dominating question: man and conceived. She gave it a persistent amnion? When The leading facts of this case What will happen if one twin dies birth to a living child at Prague. and Chapei Chambers of Com merce, as well as the Merchants?
an aseptic body, be it animal, ("Lancet," 1928, 1, 24) should before the other?
The child was in Rosa's womb, The best known example of vegetable, or metallic, or even a serve as a stimulus to surgeons Unions and Amalgamated Street this variety is the Siamese twins globule of oil, is introduced into and encourage them to spare the
Kindness From Selfishness
but Josepha as well as Rosa had Unions, gggesting that all local Chang Eng.
milk in their breasts (see They were dis-the peritoneal cavity it becomes autoaite not only a dreadful life Lazarus Johannes Baptista "Toumours." merchants should contribute at covered by Captain R. Hunter in invested with a capsule. This is of bondage, but the disgust and Colloredo was born in Genoa in 1922, p. 502). A curious legal seventh edition, least five per cent. of their daily 1829 the twins were fishing in the most probable explanation of ignominy of life in a
1617. Each child was christen- question arose because both relief fund, to which the Shanghai above the waist, and he imagined boy. The capsule is adventitious. Milton Sills, cinema star, who recent Chinese Benevolent Society have them to be some rare animal. In recent years several such en- gical separation is barred by the Europe. They were described by ried twin, claimed part of the
In many conjoined twins sur grew up were exhibited all over relations of Josepha, the unmar had a nervous breakdown.
contributted $50,609.
Hunter ascertained from their cysted imperfect foetuses have anatomical conditions. This is G Bartholimus, professor of estate.
(The solution of the above cross-word puzzle will appear in to-morrow's issue along with a new cross-wora puzzle.}
YESTERDAY'S SOLUTION,
Co
RU
SER
PEPRE AUD SSE GATTI ABA SEW NOT TROOI
RIMOSE
NOUS
VILRY: TAILS
1ED
Conjoined Twing
¿
The
incomes, for one week to the famine the Siam River; they were naked the bag which contained Young's menagerie. in a travelling ed seperately, and when they women digd intestate, and some
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