1877-07-10 — Page 3

No. 4376,-JULY 10, 1877.)

never be extinguished as long as Turkey

on the Eastern side, a natural parapet, and thus the Turks find a great natural de- fence, only requiring art to complete an impassable barrier to the advance of Russian forces. How far they have availed them selves of this advantage I will point out later on.

The only railway existing is that running from Rustabuk to Shumla, thenco, to Varna

THE CHINA MAIL.

So that, according to this statement, the Russians ought to have had at the com- mencement of hostilities 280,000 men ready to force the passage of the Danube. But I will a little way of show you how this was not the caso, and what a vast difference it its whole line. has made to the Russians the loss of the

the Danube from Sistova to Rakova was

I

I see this

So now the Russians aro

Sp

Wa

rises abruptly to the height in some places tinguished writer of the present day, and bank of the Danube, in two attacking lines; Tirnova; how this could have been ascom- President takes precedence at eyory enter holds territory In Europe. Tor years be

as much as from 200 to 300 feet and one whom until just before the commence, the advanos line was to consist of the plished, exposed as they are to the mercy of tainment of all others but the Royal Family. fore the Herzegovinian lesurrection broke thus forms along its whole course from ment of hostilities bad visited what then 7th, 8th, 11th and 12th Corps d'Armées and a large force which could easily be sent Gen. Grant will leave London on the 27th out, the Russians had by means of agents Widla, which we might assume will be the was the antisipated seat of war, states, that the 9th which, was originally destined for the against them, is unaccountable. I heard it of June, and will probably go to Paris. both in Russia and Bucharest, the capital Western extremity of hostilities to Braila, there are not more than 100,000 Tarks defence of the South Coast, this running accounted for by one for whose opinion I of Wallachin, engaged in fomenting revolu-

on the Danube, and what is more that from Otohalcoff to Ackerman, was sent to have the greatest respect, that they were A CLERK, to a young lady from the coun. Honary, outbreaks amongst the Christian

the Turkish Commander-in-Chief himself reinforce both the 1st and 2nd lines. The born there! I hardly think that this can try who has blantly asked for stockings population of the province of Turkey their

does not know the auront of his stay latter consisted of the 4th, 18th, and 14th be true. Even the passage at Sistova and instead of hose, what number do you efforts brought about partial insurrectione,

But since then the enrolling of volunteers Carps d'Arméns. It will be interesting per their immediate advance without wait-wear, Misa ?" She looked at him an instant conscription has been going haps it I tell you the component parts of a ing for the general success of the whole with ineffablo scorn, and then replied, "I keeping up a smouldering flame between

and a system

It consists as line, would hardly cause more than ordinary wear two, sir. Do you think I am a Turk and Christian, and only requiring

on in Constantinople, and the contingent Russian Corps d'Armée. from Egypt has swelled their army to follows:-2 Infantry Divisions; 1 Cavalry anxiety to the Turkish Commander-in- official Russian interference to fan it into

centipede pu a vast conflagration. Just to show you Wo now arrive at the Province South of a vast amount, Another change in the Division; 1 Brigade of Artillery of 18 guns. Chief, as he could attack them with an A CURIOUS item in the military estimates that these revolutionary risings were not the Danube, Bulgaria. This province, policy of the Turkish Government has en- A Division of Infantry consists of 2 overwhelming fores. The advance of the of the greater military Powers of Europe is the reunite of Turkish rule, I may tell you which is a vast undulating plain, is badly abled them to increase their army, that of Brigades, each Brigade of Battalions each. Russians must be spontaneous along the the sam now sat down annually for the that the Christian population of Epirus, cultivated, therefore ita local supplies must allowing Christians to join. Now do not

A Division of Cavalry-One Regiment whole line to be successful. Macedonia and Thessaly, who were treated bo scares,

suppose that these Regiments hastily form-. In precisely the same way as the other

ed as they are, will be not much better of Dragoons, one Regt, of Uhlans, ond Regt. morning that a telegram was received providing and maintenance of a certain

In all 35,000 men,

Russians and their retreat upon Sistova. It and houses. The large German fortresses Christian populations in Bulgaria and fler-

than raw recruits, requiring months of of Hussars, one Regt. of Don Cossacks, stating the defent with heavy loss of the number of pigeon-breeding establishments zegovina, have remained perfectly quiet via Pravadi. The roads in this province training before they take the field; far from

is what I fully anticipated; the Russians of Cologne, Metz, Mayoace, Strasburg, and since the Crimean war, The many petty generally are bad, in the rainy reason alit. For every Turk, and more especially

made a fatal error in not advancing with ours are all supplied with a complement of pigeons, and in France great efforts have revolutione in Bulgaris previous to the most impassable, while in summer the heat those living in garrison towns, are all in

support from both their flanks, and this can been and still are being made to ensure that great one now popularly called "atrocities," is intense, and the water is both scarce and possession of arms and well practiced in the

only be accomplished by the successful pas- there shall be a good stock of these birde in The idea which had were suppressed without much. blondebed, bad. And thus the Turks will find more use of them. The advantage of that polloy because the rest of the Turkish Empire was difficulty in keeping up lateral communtea. has enabled them within a short time to in-

sage of the Danube by the Russians along every garrison town. then at ponce, and the fansticlem of the tions with their advance army on the oresss their army by 200,000 men, and it

again backs at Sistova and no doubt will be pigeons as the bearers of military despatches been frequently mooted of utilizing carrier Mahometan population had not been Danube, than the Russians, This plain would not be munatural to suppose that

cause fearful havoc in the Russian army investments of Paris and Metz in the late aroused. But when camo the bankraptoy extends as far South as Shumla, which is 200,000 Turksnow lino the Turkish side of the command of the Black Sea. The Line of vigorously attacked by the Turks who would was first worked out in practice during the of Turkey, and the imbecility of its ruler situated 400 feet above the plain and on Danube. Whilst pointing out the strength held by the 9th Corps d'Armée, from Sia could they compel them to re-eroný.

Franco-German war. So vigilant was the. then Sultan Hamid, it seemed fitting one of the many densely wooded spurs of and position of the Turkish Army, I shall torn to Oltenitza by the 12th, from Oltenitza this is the present position of the contending watch kept by the Germans over all the opportunity for the Russians to hasten the the Balkan Mountains, a large and now endeavour to give you an idea of the to Hirsova, by the 8th, and the 7th and 11th armies.

in fact no other messengers coul enter the dissolution of the Empire. Then follow strongly intrenched camp, connected with Turk as a soldier, by relating how they occupied Braila and Galatz respectively; the I must, even at the risk of hazard-approaches leading into the fortresses, that

conducted themselves in the presence of 2nd line were in reserve, their positions I adding your kind patience, point out to you, beleaguered towns. the Servian and Montenegrin insurrectione, Varna by the fortified post of Pravadi.

Balloons could leave and we all know how many, both officers This vast plain would alons be a great their enemy, then Be now, the Rus- unable to give. The 13th Corps d'Armée why as I stated above the Russian Army is and men of the Russian army (though still obstacle to the advance of a Russian army, sians, in 1828-9, whenever I get an op

must tell you is what is called 1st Koserve not 280,000 strong on the Danube. It will the cities, and, passing high in the air over the investing lines, deposit their burdens remaining, mind you, in the service of their as it would find the roads destroyed, beat portunity. Amongst the many fortresses and follows the Army of operations; I pre interest my sailor audience especially. Government,) were allowed to join the intense, water, at the best of times, source, on the Danube the most important are sumo this Corpa d'Arusée would furnish know that the Turks, are in undisputed in the open country; baf aeronautics are not Christian army against the Turks. From would be found bad, and thus another ens. Widdin, Rustchuk, Silistria, and Brallow, these for remarks it is clear to us then my than an opposing army would attack or as the latter is generally called lbraila, troops for the front wherever required, and command of the Black Sea, and owing to the yet sufficiently developed to allow the therefore would be kept up to its fall strength. active part taken by the feet, and the verse operation to be carried out. Pigeone, however, could be trusted, under certain that the war going on now is not the re them, namely disease. Aud should they The latter stands on the left or Russian The Commander-in-Chief of the Russian rapid way they appear at the different Rus- easily fulfilled conditions, to return with all that of a vantaneous national or religious be unable to advance rapidly over this bank, while the remainder are on the Tar. Army, the Grand Duke Nicholas, knowing sian ports, in sonis cases bombarding them; speed to their homes; and, consequently, movement, but is dae simply to the notion territory, as they hardly could do, harassed kish side. The two fortresses of Widdin that the state of the river at the time he and in others landing troops and successfully numbers of them were taken out of Faris of Russia, working for her own enda, on

as they would be by the enemy, many bun and Rustchuk are strengthened by téles commenced his advance would not be prac attacking the Russian flanks in Asia Minor, in balloons, to be subsequently laden with the natural antagonism between Christians dreds of men would fall victims to desease. du-pont on the opposite sides of the river ticable for some weeks, wisely took up his other times landing troops and assisting in despatches, with which they then returned Unlike the positions without haste, and was determined the insurrections of the Circassians against to the capital. At first the messages were and Turks. Turkey could no longer Look at the Russian army in 1828 when at Kalafat and Glurgero. stand by, and see Russia push herself investing Shumla, through disease it lost Campaign of 1828 0, these earthworks not to commence the passage of the river their rulers, and thus drawing off Russian tied round the neeks to the pigeons, but it into the very Government of her country, more than of its men, and their cavalry are now unoccupied by the Turks and until every man was at his assigned post, troops from their main army to suppress was found that, when this was done, many horses died at the rate of 100 a day. There they are thereupon unable to send out Thus we and the Russian Army taking up thess risings, and owing to the daring on of the birds returned without their des is no occasion to look so far back as that; marauding parties to harass the energy, its allotted position in splendid condition the part of the Navy, the inhabitants at

themselves during their flight. The plan we have only to think how the allied armies and also the strong fortress of Brailow and without a single casualty. The Rou-Odessa and along that coast tremble leat the pathos, having probably got rid of them of France, and England, when oncamped in unoccupied by the Turks. Why the manian Army, which then and hardly now Fleet should come and bombard their great was therefore adopted of reducing the des on this fatal soll during the commencement Turks have contented themselves with exseeds 30,000 men, nadertook the defence port, and also their great Naval Arsenal at

the Crimes! War lost many hundreds patiently awaiting the arrival of the Rus of the tete desponts at Giurgero and Kalafat, Nakoliev. Thus part of the 13th Corpe patches; by the aid of photography, to the smallest possible dimensions, and enclosing by the pestilence. The French in particu- slane instead of attempting to destroy at and the earthworks thrown up at Oltenitas, d'Armée have been recalled from the Danube them in a quill, which was then fastened lar, for they were encamped near Shumle, least the railway running from Bucharest previous to the arrival of the Russians, and to defend the coust line from Ackermann to and though military medical solence has to Giurgevo, I am unable to say. All those bare stated I cannot conceive how the Ochakoff. For the same reason part of the under one of the larger feathers of the was the loss of the despatches avoided, but rapidly as other branches of military solence, much strengthened but the Turks have an army to hold those three places, instead to defend the Crimes, and suppress the revo- they were also protected from partial des advanced in the present day equally as forts I have mentioned have of late been Turks should have allowed so insignificant 14th Corps d'Armée have been withdrawn pigeon's wing. By this means not only yet the Russiane, should they get as far, unquestionably shown great inactivity in of sending a strong force and occupying lutionary feeling now existing among the truction or obliteration by the weather.

THE fortress of Kars, the siege of which must again fall a victim to the fatal oli placing their fortresses in a complete siate these earthworks, and even destroying the Tartars. So we see the original force intend

of defence. I must not dwell long on this railway between Bucharest and Giurgero, ed for the Danube has been much reduced. is likely to form an interesting episode in There are two strong and clearly-defined mate; so Turkey has this one ally,

We now come to the second line of subject. And will merely state that at the the great importance of which I have be Now just a few words about the Romanian the present campaign, as it has in former lines of defence before that is reached. The course of the Lower Danube is the defence, the great range of the Balkan commercement of hostilities the Turks were fore pointed out, perhaps the knowledge troops concentrated at Kalafat. Presuming wars between Russia and Turkey, is situated first, and 60 miles South and parallel to Mountains. This range is a mass of thickly strongly entrenched at Widdin, Florentina, that they had no means of bridging the river that the Russians are victorious on the Dain a bond of the river of the same name. that comes the second, the Range of the wooded mountains running East and West, Arzer, Palauker, Rahova, Nicopoli, Sistova, was the reason for this inaction; but they nube, that they are able to make Widdin Before the Russians evacuated the place in Balkans, the latter strengthened by the rising from 8,000, to 5,000 feet in height, Rustchuk, Tartakei, Silistria, Tchernovads, fortress of Shumle, and the position that and is from 15 to 20 miles in breadth. We Birsova, Matshin, Isakchi and Tueltcha, and ought to have had we do not hear of a single untenable to the Turke, this army rosas 1855 they blew up and demolished the pontoon train being with the advance posts the river there. together with the Russian greater part of the existing fortifications. nan be taken up by an army acting on the can easily imagine what a strong barrier likewise had strongly fortified the Island of of the Turks, or indeed at all attached to force assembled there, marches thence on to The ruins of the works have since been There would have been no Sophia, is here joined by 30,000 Servians, who repaired, however, and several entirely new defensive, the line from Shumla to Varan this would be to the advance of any army Kala Baliens; thus we find her defending their army. via Fravadi. Between Kichenoff, a large But I must here quote the opinion of one the whole line of the Danube, and she is difficulty in their orossing in common boats, are longing to tako up arms against Turkey, forts have been constructed. The fortress town on the Russian frontier line, and of the greatest military authorities of the further strengthened by the assistance of as the inhabitants of this part of the river and declare her independence, then this.com-in its present state consists of a bastioned Where her army we concentrated previous day; Field Marshal Von Molkte, who says gunboats and monitors, whloh, though are fishermen, and consequently boate must bined army numbering no less than 100,000 enceinte, traced upon an irregular quadrils- to her advanco, and the Danube "les the That the difficulty attending the passage exposed to that fearful weapon, a torpedo, have been procurable, and they would not men would advanes along the rod i teral. This again is enclosed by a girdle provinces o: Moldavia and Wallachia, which of the Balkans lles far more in the paucity they can bares the Russian forces, and are have been harassed by an enemy, as even Philippopolis, and Adrianople; these joined by of detached works, three of which are large In Dea. 1881 were united under one and bad state of the roads than in their always able to retire out of range of the supposing the Roumanians had issued from the advancing Russians then go nuto Constan- forts, the others smaller redoubts having reciprocal flanking defence. Of the outlying Prince and Government and oiled beight or incovensibility." Now there are batteries by running into the many creeks these entrenched poste, which is exceedingly tinople. But that will be done at the cost of

and under shelter of the numerous islands unlikely, their retreat would have been Russia finding herself exposed to another forts the strongest, both by reason of its Roumania; this province is a Dependent seven passes, they are of the Porte, though a strong ally of

1. Skumia to Karaabat, by jalikavak between Matchin and Tchernovado. oovered by their fortressed at Rustahub and enemy and Turkey strengthened by an ally commanding position and also of the care Russia's. The advance over what might and Dobrole, called the Bogaz Fass, very have marked the position of the two armies Turtakoi. Giurgevo is most favourable for I mean Austria. I will not strengthen my bestowed upon its construction, is Fort be a great obstacle as such an extensive difficult and easily defended (combining on the map by means of colored flags. The the Russians at which to concentrate their statement by any remarks.. I feel I have Arkanich, situated upon the Ak-Dagh, & provinge as Roumania would naturally be, fluvial with mountain impediments) Red are Turks, Black Russians; the posi- force, as the bank on both sides is neither encroached on your generous patient al height which rises up on the north-west of has of late years been considerably dimi 2. The Chenge Pass From Pravadi, by tions as they are now, represent the present marshy or rocky as is the chief characteristio ready, though I am sorry I could not say the town to a height of about 250 feet,

Aidos-difficult position, as far as the latest information of this river; here the banks on both sides a few words about the war going on in Asia nished. The railway uniting Kichereff Kogerikoi and Jenikol

are low and easy of access, that the passage Minor. I sincerely, trust I have been so with Udessa passed on to Jay, crossed but puccessfully used in 1899 by General we have received by telegram; but I wish the Pruth at Skuljane and then passed on Rudiger, with the 7th Russian Corps in 9 to point out to you the positions of the two at this point would be considerably easier cessful in explaining the leading incidents via Galatz and Bucharest to Giurgeyo on daye. But let me tell you this advance armies before the commencement of hosti- than at any other, and the Turks with their in this great question, and as I have ende

was never impeded. The pass was not litten.

natural parapet no longer here to help them, youred to do so as simply as I could for the defended.

Now let us see how Turkey has defended her actually allow, or rather, never attempted to benefit of the sailors and soldiers, those who 3: The Coast road from Varna to Burgas, other important strategical points. Shumla destroy, a railway running from Bucharest, were not as well informed as I was on the range of heights which surrounds the town

sad so refusing to listen to all the

proposals made by the other powers of

Europe, and objecting to the demands of Russia, bas once more without an ally

declared war against Russia.

I now come to the military geography of Turkey in Europe, and will endeavour to explain how far Russia is impeded by the great distance she has to pass over between view. We must prosume that the object her own territory and her great object in of the Russian army is to reach Constanti

nople.

the Danube. Now we all know what a great advantage it must have been to the Russlans to have found a ready-made railway right up to the very position they wanted to copy. The possession of this 6th Corps now impassable to the Russians line of communication, which the friendly as the Tarks have the absolute command attitude of Roumania secured, materially of the Black Sos. In 1829 the Russians alters the conditions of affairs which had command of the sea.

necessary,

5. The Demir Kapu Pass, called Iron Gate-steep, difficult and almost unexplored, consequently impracticable.

6. The road from Tirnova, or Oeman Basar to Kasan, and thence to Karnabat, very difficult.

The Lonats Pass to Tartar Bazardjik, almost impassable.

1 cannot 1 am sorry to say draw any comparisons between the present positions of the Turkish army, now drawn up to defend the Balkan passes, and the defence of the same in 1829, and consequently by comparison enable you to see how far the Turks are capable of preventing the Russian advance, presuming she gets so far, as time prevents me. So 1 must content myself though very reluctantly by simply saying that the passes now are vary strong ly furtified. Once over the Balkans the advance through Roamelia to Constanti. nople would be continued along three good roads, namely:

1. From Karnabat by Bujuk Derbend, or the Grand Passage, to Adrianople, and thence fo Tehatal Burgan...

2. Aidos to Kirk Kllessis, and thence also to Tehatal Burgas, .

3. The coast road.

I

against Russian invasion. It had success fully withstood all Kussian attacks in 1774, in 1810, and again in 1828-29 it never was taken. This strong and generally consider

NEWS BY THE AMERICAN MAIL.

completely overlooking all the ground in front of it. The work itself is a pentagonal bastioned fort, well provided with bomb proof magazines and secure accommodation for its garrison. On the Kara-Dagh,

Madsohar forts, both works of considerable the est and south, are the Tabia and strength. Among the armament of the for- treas are ntany guns of large salibre and mo- dern construction, provided by the care of the late Turkish Minister of War, Hussein Ayni Pasha, who justly regarded Kars as the most formidable obstacle to an advance of the Russians into the Asiatic possessions of the Porte.

Quotations

Honskove, July 10, 1877. OPIUM-New Patna, caab.....$562j

33

J

1

21

ور

eredit,

Old Patos, cash, 560

credit, New Benares, cash, 5474

credit, -

Old Benares, cash, 550

credit

New Malwa, cash, 575

credit, 580

Allowance Tasks, 32 a 43 Old Malwa, cash, 585 credit, 600 Allowance Tasols, 48 a 64

19.00

CAMPHOR, *** QUICKSILVER, ... SALTPETRE,

A++

+44

HO

62.60 63.50 7:10 7.76

Exchange.

Bank, on demand,

**

· 4/01

13

4/1

201 .... 381 ... 748 ...25%

... prem.

13

440

*

... 25.60'

4.95

23

which overwhelming re-inforcements can be formation and interest in this war... sent, to the most vulnerable point in their whole line of defence along the river. Had the Turks destroyed it, look at the time that formerly so hampered and delayed the 4. The Schipka Fass, Tirnova to Kanan ed impregnable intrenched camp stands 800 it must have taken to repair it, and conse Imperial Commanders. It enables the lik. In the present day the most practi-fest, above the plain. "It is protected on quently the loss of time this would have

The O. & O. S. Gaelic brings files from Russians to rapidly and quietly move their cable, a road having been made In 1836, three sides by a chain of wooded hills, while caused in the concentration of the Russian Invading army, by it their army is pro- neither difficult or steep, and easily forced, the fourth is defended by a continuous line forces at this point. For they must advance Sau Francisco to June 9th, from which we visioned, reinforcements brought up, and of course leaving out of consideration the of works carried along the outer ridge of in one direct line, they cannot as in 1828 take the following items. wounded sent back. The town of Bucha- nature of its defence.

the plateau and abutting at either end on leave a fort in their rear unsecured, as was London, June 3.-The Times in its lead- rest is a central point from which the

precipitous heights. This line consists of the case with Silistria, and had they caused ing article, says: So far as can be judged, Russian Commander can speedily send

earthworks with a deep but narrow ditch, this delay in the Russian army, the conse- the fortune of war will be adverse to the reinforcemente to the advanced army on

and its length is about 8,000 paces, 600 quenco might have been most serious, for Turks. The operations may not have the the Danube by monna of the roads which

yards in advance of the fortified front every day brings them nearer to the rainy rapidity of recent wars, but the Turks are now branch from it to the Danube, such

chain of redoubts are extended across season, and unless she advance and gains overmatched and must succumbs in the end. as from Bucharest to Giurgovo, both by

the plain" A line of trenches runs from some decisive advantage before the rainy This catastrophe Europe will accept. No road and rail, ale to Oltonitza by a good.

Shumla-to Pravadi, thence to Varna, and so season commences, she will never be allowed nation will go to war again to support that road and also the river Dembowitzs, and

connects two of the strongest fortresses to retire in winter quarters on the Northern which cannot be supported. No real states- as you see on the insp, it would take' but a

an army could invest. Here let me side of the Danube again. I do not think man will cling to a dead element in a system, short time to send reinforcements even to

refer you to the opinion of Von Moltke, her exchequer would permit the extension instead of looking for its living forces. We Kalafatowing to their possession of a railway.

who thus: describes the character of the of the campaign into a second year, and now know that we must seek for that which is The Russian army will have no necessity

Turk as a soldier, and will also give you look at the enormous cost it must be supply to replace the failing Power. To this we to leave troops to guard the line of their

some idea of the strength of Varna-ofing such an army at such a distance from ite cannot too soon direct our attention.

Count Von Moltke regards Russia's chances communications, as the Roumanian army

their gallant defence of Varna lasting frontier. The blow must be struok decisively would do that, so we find them arrived on

89 days in 1828, he says that, That and quickly, and to gain that let us see as steadily improving in consequence of the Danube without any impediment se

defence only begins with a Turk where it how far Russia has been successful. We the extraordinary negligence and lack of regards the nature of the country, They

ends with any other troops." And in the have seen that this favourable opportu foresight of the Turks.

A despatch from St. Petersburg says: leave their line of communications clearly

same campaign 1829, when General Diebitsch nity for checking the Russians is past opened in their rear with easy means of

threw 26,000 Eussians between Shumla and gone. We find them therefore relieving Prince Gortschakoff's note to Lord Derby, making a hasty and regular retreat if

and Fravadi, and there out off the Grand the Roumanian troops at Giurgevo and of which Count Schouvaloff is the bearer, Vizier from the remainder of his forces at Oltenitza, and taking up their allotted post- states that the Czar does not want asy Now we come to the first serious obstacle

Shunia, and, the Turks though they fought tions along the whole of the North side of territorial increase in Europe, but only

*** -30 days' sight, to the Russian advance, the River Danube,

resolutely to cut their way through when the Danube in two attacking lines. The desires autonomy for Bulgaria, and the

6 months' sight,... ... 4/04 This river varies in breadth from 800 yards

driven back, t panic seized them and they Roumanian army have now passed west independence of Roumania and Servia. He to a mile, is from 60 to 70 fost deep, is

fed, the greater part of that Turkish army ward and are concentrated at Kalafat, with demands a session of Armenia from Bayizid Credits, many places much lees, and the ordinary

found its way back to Shumla; and then what object I will explain presently; their to the coast, but not including Erzeronm. Documentary, 6months' sight... 4/1) Yon Moltke says A Turkish army with Burbe 60,000. Barly in June. we find the took possession of the heights in the rear of Calcutta,

A special from Rustchuk says: The Turks Bombay, demand Rupees, is not numbers by this may have increased to current runs between two and three miles an hour. In the present day a river is

casily destroyed, it is only dispersed. no longer the formidable obstacle it used

the defense of the Balkans I have little to head-quarters of the Grand Duke advanced Giurgeve, and opened fire upon the enemy. Shanghai, demand,..e

30 days.***** to be. Our appliances for conveying an

The only serious obetsole then to be add to what I have previously told you. A as far as Crotoceni, a suburb of Bucharest, The accuracy of the Turkish fire was 194 army across have much improved of lato met with after crossing the Balkans is the distinguished general which I have, before for then the neutrality of Roumanie pro markable. The boats were destroyed by it, Bar Silver, 17, dwts. B., years, and whore a Commander would have passage of the defile of Bujuk Derbond, quoted from says that without the see the rented Russian troops from occupying or and it seems evident that they have some Mexicans,... besitated years ago, he would not in the which is difficult, almost an impossibility, Russian army could never have crossed oven passing through its capital, Bucharest. gunnera of other than Turkish extraction Gold Leaf,

English Sovereigns, present day. But I must quote the words and as this commands the Grand Passage to the Balkans in 1829." Now great thought Now it is very different) Houmania has directing their cannon. of a distinguished general of our army, Adrianople, it would be a seri us obstacle, and energy have been given to the defenso declared her independente, and we shall Loudun, June 8-The Bath and West-of Australian Scrorelgus, who saysThat the Danube possesses if well defended, to an advancing army of these passes, and where nature had left shortly hear of the Prines declared King. England Baclety's Centenary was celebrated Dlacount, ...

Sharot. more then an ordinary obstacle to an army oven elated as that of the Russians would off, art has taken up the thread and com- am mentioning this as it will be of vital and to-day. At Widcombe the suspension bridge advancing from the north." I much regret be after what would have become & glori pleted. We night almost look at the pas serious importance to Basin should this foll, and about 200 persons were precipitated. that I am compelled to omit many details ous and successful advance. Once at Adri sage of the Balkans as impossible. The happen. With such rapidity and precision 80 feet into the river Avon. Twenty dead Hongkong Bank, 88% pret that would illustrate its defence, and the anople, though the Turks would not be Turks we know have undisputed command did the Russian troops more that at the bodies have been recovered, and it is feared Union Ins. Snelsty of Canton, $778

China Traders' Ins. Co., $2,700 natural obstacle it is to an advancing army, coure as they did in 1820, panic-stricken and of the sea, thus their right flank is onors appointed time we find the Russians com that others perished. Many were injured.

Bath, June 6-From 100 to 200 perzone Chinese Insurance Co., 1248 The left bank, or that side occupied by the helpless at the appearance of a Russian mously strengthened, and is in a position to mencing a general bombardment along the Russian army, is very low and marthy, in.army ao near their capital, and might offer seriously threaten the left flank of the Rue whole line of the Danube The information mottly well-to-do farmers, were upon the Yangtane Ine. Association, Tls, 788 tersected with, water-courses and flooded determined resistance to the advancing sians. The left flank of the Turks we must we receive prevents us following in detail toll bridge leading from the railway plata.L. Fire Ins. Co., 1880 during the rainy season. You will readily Russians, yet I think that ere the Russian suppose to be secure from any flank attack the advance of the Russian army, for such form when it fell. It was a light wooden China Firo Ins. Co., $150, understand the nature of the soil at suda a army reach, if they are able to, Adrianople, on the part of the Russians The fortress it has now become and the telgrams can of structure, about thirty feet long and thirty.K. & W. Dock Co., 27% dia. Beaton, when I tell you that in October or even no further than to force the Bal of Widdia, which it would be hardly a course but briefly say what actually has to forty feet high; without centre support. A.K. O. & M. 8,-boat Co., 7% dis, 1688, when the Bussians, after an unsuckans, the Power of Europe would then assumption to suppose would never fall be happened. Nett, we are told the Hussiens It happed in the middle, and the ends were Shanghai Steam Navigation, T. 201 ceraful attempt to take Silistria, raised the interfere and peace would be signed. fore the Russian guns, secures her left flank. crossed the Danube with parts of their fth wrenched alean off, then the whole mass Hongkong Gas Co., 878 siege and retired, and though unopposed, I have now arrived at the last heading of I have very briefly pointed out the positions and 11th Corps D'Arindes at Galatz and plunged into the stream; which was about Hongkong Hotel O., $51 It took 200 man to more s single gun my Lecture. The advance of the Russian coupled by the Turks, and how far she had Ibraila. Whether the Turks made much seven feet deep. The work of rescuing is Chinese Imperial Loan, £103 Another instance descriptive of the diffoul army, and what preparations the Turks prepared herself at the commencement of resistance we are not clearly informed going on.

Buth June 8-Evening-It is How Lostilities:

should presume not, as the Russian advance I will treat ty in marching over the country on that have made to meet it. side of the Danubo. In 1828 the Russians with the latter subject first. I have How for the Russian army. Long before down the Hobradscha will be over the worst estimated that about twelve persons were determined and successfully accomplished told you in the early part of my lecture the declaration of War by Russia, the description of collatry, cut up as it is with killed and afty-one injured, some fatally, the passage of the river at Saturnovo, to ac what an active part Russia took in the Grand Duke Nicholas found himself at the deep and precipitatis water courses-ths by the fall of the Widcombe bridge.

"Paris, June at a meeting of Suez complish which they had to lay down several Servian insurrection, and when trott the head of $74,000 Infantry, 12,000 cavalry, local supplies likewise being scarde. No zalles of fascinee, to enable them to reach result, wat was ihminent between Kussis and 248 guns, concentrated at Kisbeneff, a doubt the Turks now ateadily retiring before Canal shareholders-to-day, M. de Lesseps the point where the bridge was thrown and Turkey the latter took advantage of the town on the Roumanian frontier. All army them, will endeavout to check them on the announced that ten votes were secured to the

But you must not suppose that armistise, and the title that alaphed between well equipped in every sense of the word, line of railway between Tolernotada and English Government,

Londen, June 8,-On the 23d Gen. Grant that is the present condition of the bank of the signing of it and the declaration of war fine men, fine herpes, e force three tardes Kustend. Then we hear of the passege the river for when it recodes, which it does by Kussia, in moving all her force flot as strong as had ever advented before of the Danube stoessfully accomplished at will dine with the Prince of Wales. This after the rainy season, it becomes quite the Servian frontier to the Danubian line. against Turkey. As soon as war was de Hirsova, again without opposition, and now will be the grandest entertainment of Gen. practicabel for troops to march over, and the Now I am quite unable 1 regret to say to flared, rapidly and quickly this fins are we know that not only have they crossed at Grant's visit, in point of the rank of the Commander la Chief would naturally give you the least information as to the was pushed forward along the line of rail-istova but their headquarters are actually greatas The dates of the dinners with the shoose that season to attempt the passagei true numerical strength of the Turkish army way and by the road almost parallel to it. there the author telegram inform us of queen and with Earl Derby are not fixed. The right bank of the Danube on the on the Danube. Up to the present time Their plas of operations was this: Co con- their advance and topuise at Etiela, and Dari Beacupsfield's dinner has been declined Bulgarian or Turkish side, on the southers, no information has been resolved. A dla centrale pearl 800,000 men on the left also that Busden infentry have reached on account of other engagementer The ex-

Acroba

Temperature.

... 4.95 ... 9 a 10

BAROMETER

(Tekan di Mesire Faleonor & Co.'s Prambors, Quam's Bond,) HONGKONG, July 10, 1877. A.M....

Do

1 2.M.

Do

4 P...

++

29.890 28.001 29,500

THERMOMETERING A M

87

•

Do.

88 341

82

Vik

1 .. Do,

4 F.X.... Do. (Wet balb) 9 A., Do. Do 1. P.

D4. Do..

4 2,4, Do. Maximum

*

Do. Minimum over night -89