Publio Revenue (excluding Imperial Grants)
Public Expenditure
1901. £74,000 £229.000
1913.
£257.000
£290,000
Loan expenditure, 1901-1913
£201,000
Public Debt
Nil.
£293,000
Imports (excluding bullion, specie and goods in
transit)
£63,000
Exports (Ditto)
£32,000
£590,000 £521.000
PRINCIPAL EXPORTS,
Chillies
Nil.
Coffee
Ginned
£910
£12,400 £9,000
Raw Cotton:
Nil.
£214.000
Unginned
Nil.
£40,000
Ghee (clarified Butter)
£357
£11,500
Hideo
£240
£46,000
Ivory
Sesame Seed
Sheep and Goat Skins
£17,300 Nil. £3,400
£45,000
£16.800
£30.000
COMMUNICATIONS.
Railway Mileage
Nil..
61
Telegraph Mileage
Nil. Nil.
Railway Mileage
Telegraph Mileage
Telephone Mileage
All transport is by animals.
37
COMMUNICATIONS.
Nil Nil
Nil
Nil
45
1
Trade for years ended March 31st.
Somaliland has not yet shown that development which is so characteristic of other British Crown Colonies in Africa, notably those on the West Coast, but the first obvious explanation is the disturbed state of affairs caused for so long by the "Mad Mullah," though this trouble has now apparently come to an end.
The population depends mainly on pasture farming, and the trade statistics indicate that cultivation has seriously declined.
The Annual Report for 1916-17 indicates that the future is more hopeful then the past, but it is likely that some years must elapse before the necessity for Imperial Grants-in-aid will vanish. For some years past this has been in the neighbourhood of £85,000 a year.
The effective maintenance of internal peace and the development of transport (and the first, as ever, is surely dependent on the latter) seem essential if this Colony is to take its place amongst the otherwise almost universal successes of British Colonisation.
It is but slight exaggeration to say that at present Somaliland has no transport system, no communications, no banking system and no enterprise.
214
EGYPT.
12,020 square miles.
Public Revenue
Population (1911), 11,976,000. Area: including desert, 347,840 square miles; excluding desert,
1913. £18,167,000 £18,120,000
1901. £13,862,000 £12,520,000
Capital Expenditure defrayed out of Budget Sur-
pluses, 1901-13
£27,623,000
Shipping entered and cleared, Net Tonnage (ex-
cluding Suez Canal Transit Tonnage)
Imports (excluding bullion and specie) Exports (excluding bullion, specie and re-exports)
1908.
10,033,000 1901. £15,590,000 £16,572,000
10,792,000
£28,562,000 £32,331,000*
PRINCIPAL EXPORTS.
Cotton
Cotton Seed
Hides and Skins
1901. £12,141,000 £1,991,000
1913.* £26,177,000 £3,380,000
£83,000
£259,000
£83,000
£252,000
£137,000
£303,000
£133,000
£283,000
£76,000
£286,000
£556,000
£81,000
Cigarettes
£435,000
£405,000
Wool
£33,000
£140,000
COMMUNICATIONS.
Railway Mileage
117
2,016
Telegraph Mileage (State Telegraphs only)
2,363
2,706+ 4,284
1911.
Telephone (figures not available)
30,000
48,000
Telephone Mileage
1,042 36
Up to the end of the financial year 1914-16 Uganda needed financial assistance from the Home Government. Since then it has been able to finance itself.
The commercial development of Uganda is the direct result of the Uganda Railway, the whole length of which lies in the East Africa Protectorate, but which terminates at Port Florence, on the great Lake Victoria Nyanza. The railway cost £5,384,370 to construct.
The lake, about half of whose area lies in the Protectorate, has a Uganda coast-line of 300 or 400 miles. A railway from Jinja on this coast runs (62 miles) to Namasagali, on the Victoria Nile, giving access to the waterways of Lake Kioga.
There is also a short line (7 miles) connecting Port Bell, on Lake Vinteria, to Kampala, the chief commercial centre.
Products.
Coffee has been introduced and thrives well. Rubber trees and vines are plentiful. Com- panies and private individuale are planting coffee, rubber and cocoa on an extensive scale. Cattle are plentiful.
The most notable development is in respect of cotton. It was first exported in 1904, the value being £6. In 1917 the export had grown to 99,677 cwts, worth £538,000. The cotton is produced entirely by natives.
Rubber, which was declining in output, shows a great revival, and the exports in 1917 went up to 144,772 lbs. It is being handled mainly by European planters.
Though the development of Uganda is only beginning, its progress already is a striking example of the immense value of wise capital expenditure on transport facilities.
Pasture farming is extensive, but seriously hampered by rinderpest and other diseases. Money spent on veterinary research will be repaid a thousandfold.
Public Expenditure
Eggs
Oil Cake
Uniona
Rice
Sugar
SOMALILAND.
Population (1911), 344,000. Area, 68,000 square miles.
1901.
1913.
Public Revenue (excluding Imperial Grants) Public Expenditure
£28,878
£59,263
£29,368 £68,646
Loan Expenditure and Publio Debt
Nil.
Shipping entered and cleared, net tonnage Importa (excluding bullion and specie) Exports (excluding bullion and specie) Exports of Gold Bullion
94,000
114,000
£368,000
£243,000
£303,000
+
£15,880
£213,000 Nil.
PRINCIPAL EXPORTS.
Coffee
£74,000
£2,500
Ivory
Skins
Sheep, Goats and Cattle
£34,000
£8
£121,000
£22,000
£129,000 £32,000
In connection with the enormous growth in the value of cotton exported, it is somewhat remarkable that the weight exported only increased from 606,500,000 lb. in 1901 to 690,600,000 lb. in 1913. The average "real" value per lb. in 1901 was 54 pence and in 1913 it was 91 pence.
As this was a much greater increase than the general increase in the prices of raw cotton elsewhere, it would appear to be the result of improved cultivation leading to better quality.
A review of the development of cotton growing in Egypt over a period of 12 years is misleading, as there had been enormous developments prior to 1901.
The area devoted to cotton growing in 1805-6, the earliest year for which figures are avail- able, was 997,735 Feddans, and by 1912-13 this had grown to 1,723,004 Feddana.
A Feddan 1038 acres.
• Prior to August, 1911, the exports were given in "official values" which were 10 per cent. below real valnes. For comparative purposes, therefore, the 1901 Agures should be increased in the ratio V, i.s., to £18,413,000. The same omment applies to the figures for particular commodities.
† About 450 miles of the increase is apparent, because prior to 1910 auxiliary lines and those of Marint were not included.
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