YOKOHAMA.
Yokohama is the principal Treaty port of Japan, and was opened to foreign trade in July, 1859. It is situated on the Bay of Yokohama, a small bay on the Western side of the Gulf of Yedo, in lat. 35 deg. 26 min. 11 sec. N., and long. 139 deg. 39 min. 20 sec., in the island of Hondo, aud is distant about eighteen miles from the capital, with which it is connected by a line of railway. The settlement stands on what was originally a swamp, and the town having sprung up only since the site was select- ed for a treaty port instead of the little town of Kanagawa-possesses few attrac- tions for the visitor. The scenery around, however, is hilly and pleasing, and ou a clear day the snow-crowned summit of Fusiyama, a volcanic mountain 13,000 feet high-celebrated in Japanese literature and depicted on so many native works of art is clearly visible. Yokohama is compactly built of low houses with tiled roofs. The town is divided into two nearly equal parts, the western half Leing occupied by the foreign settlement. Beyond the plain on which the town is built rises a sort of semicircle of low hills called "The Bluff," which is thickly dotted with handsome villas and dwelling-houses in various styles of architecture, all standing in pretty gardens. From these dwellings charming prospects are obtainable. Along the water-front of the foreign settlement runs a fine broad street called the Bund, on which, facing the water, stand many of the principal houses and hotels. The streets in the foreign settlement are well paved, kerbed, and drained. There are Anglican, French Catholic, Union Protestant, and native Mission Churches in the settlement. Yokohama has greatly increased in importance of late years, but the export trade does not make satisfactory progress. There are three English daily papers publish- ed in the port, namely, the Japan Gazette, the Japan Herald, and the Japan Daily Mail; the latter has also a weekly edition. In addition to these there are two French papers, L'Echo du Japon and the Courrier du Japon.
The entire populition of Yokohama was, according to a census taken in 1879, 67,499. The number of foreign residents in 1880 was 3,871, of whom 2,505 were Chinese, 567 British, 250 American, 200 German, 102 French, 51 Dutch, 45 Portu- gue e, 42 Russian, and the remainder of various nationalities.
The imports into Yokohama consist chiefly of cotton and woollen goods. In 1880, according to the British Consul's report, the value of the different classes of imports was as follows:-Cotton manufactures, $11,200,918; woollen manufac- tures, $2,307,784; mixed cotton and woollen, $1,326,517; metals, $1,191,327; arms and ammunition, $187, 399; miscellaneous foreign, $6,608,481; miscellaneous local, $3,520,682; total 26,348,108. The total value of the exports was $18,577,913. Silk is the most valuable of the exports, being set down at $9,962,872. The value of the tea exported was $4,725,961. The total export of raw silk during the season from 1st July, 1880, to same date 1881, only half of which period is covered by the Con- sular returns, was, according to the returns of the Chamber of Commerce, 21,812 bales, of which 4,481 were for England, 12,387 for France, 5,376 for America, and 95 for other countries. The export of tea during the season from 1st May, 1880, to same date 1881, was 24,410,118 lbs., all for America, with the exception of 191,108 lbs. for England.