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SHANGHAI.
309
The Expenditure for the same year was Tls. 275,099.99, and may be divided as under :--
Police Department
Sanitary Department
Lighting
Public Works
Secretariat and General
Loan, Interest, and Sinking Fund Volunteer and Fire Departments
...
Stud
Miscellaneous
...
...
...
Tls. 46,033.68 20,112.30 14.342.60 123,5 0.03 26,855.45 22,007,34 7,030.72
9, 84.51 5,863.36
Tls. 275,099.99
The Revenue of the French Concession for 1878 was Tls. 107,426.55. The sources from which it was derived were :—
Land Tax
Foreign House Tax
Native House Tax
Licences...
...
++
***
***
..1
Tls. 12,987.95
2,558.04
20,308.50
...
2,,158.2/
18,600,84
15,012.5
2,444.43
8,358.03
Tls. 107.426,55
Cleaning and Lighting Rates and other Taxes Wharfage Dues
Sundries
Balance from 1877...
...
The Expenditure amounted to Tls. 106,781.85 :—
Secretariat
Public Works
Police and Sanitary Departments
+4
Tls. 22,578.83
58,232.01 25,971.01
Tls. 106,781,85
The Foreign population has consi lerably decreased from what it was at one time. The census of 1865 cave the number of foreign residents in the three Settlements as 2,757, army and navy (British) 1,851, shipping 981, a total of 5,589. By the census of 1876 there were in the Settlements north of the Yang-king-pang a total of 1,673 foreigners, 1,062 in the English division and 611 in Hongkew and Pootung; of these 1,086 were males, 296 females and 291 children. The proportion of different nationaliti s was 878 (or more than one-half) British, 181 American, 168 Portuguese, 129 German, 103 Spaniards, 45 Japanese, 35 Dans, 22 French, and 112 of various other nationalites. The French Concession contains about 500 foreigners, the greater proportion being French and the remainder mostly from other European, Continental countries. These figures do not include any of the population afloat, which may be estimated at 1,000 or over. Although the Chinese have no right of residence within the Foreign Settlement, and indeed were expressly prohibited by the original Land Regulations, some twenty thousand sought refuge within the boundaries from the rebels in 1854, and when the city was besi ged by the Taipings in 1860 there were, it is said, at least four hundred thousand natives within the Settlements.
As they found some ameni ies from "squeezing" when under the protection of foreigners, and foreigners themselves being able to obtain a much higher rental for their land and finding native house property a very profitable investment, no opposition was male to their residence. In 1865 there were in the three Settlements 146,000. The numbers by the last census (1876) were; in the English Settlement 73,159 and in Hongkew 22,503. The native population of the French Concession is about 50,000, and the boat population 11,000, say a total of 156,000. A large proportion are natives of Chekiang and Kwangtung, those in the direct employ of foreigners being almost exclusively from these provinces. The population of the native city is sup- posed to be about 125,000. The larg congregation of natives in the Settlements is kept in admirable order by a Police force of 31 foreigners and 127 natives for the north of the Yag-king-pång, and 35 foreigners and 33 natives for the French Con- cession. Considering that the natives have to be tried by their own authorities, and
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