384
JAPAN.
koban, or from about £15,000 to £915,500. The territory of each Daimio formed a sovereignty within itself, governed, in the case of the more powerful magnates, by a Secretary of State, called Karô, and a number of assistant ministers, and many of them were possessed of large bodies of troops. All these, with their fortified castles, and every attribute of authority, the Daimios surrendered, after more or less resistance, to the bereditary Emperor.
REVENUE, PUBLIC Debt, Army, and Navy.
The estimated total revenue of Japan for the year 1878-79 was given in official returns at $53,275,900, and the total expenditure at the same amount. The sources of revenue and branches of expenditure were as follow:-
REVENUE.
Customs Duty and Miscellaneous Incomes connected therewith $ 1,933,739
Land Tax
Mining Tax
Tax on Official Incomes
40,373,935
10,346
...
81,992
Tax on Productions of the Northern Provinces
Taxation of Riu Kiu Han
Tax on Saké, etc.
Tax on Tobacco
Stamp Tax on Legal Documents
Postage Stamps
•
Various Stamp Taxes
Miscellaneous
Income derived from Mines
•
Income derived from Railways
Income derived from Mint of Finance Department
388,509
45,054
3,502,159
348,674
494,878
...
800,000
...
...
144,320
852,385
...
257,456
159,496
621,000
▪་
Income derived from Manufactory of Paper Currency Bureau Income derived from Various Manufactures, etc.
100,000
43,370
Income derived from Government Property and other Miscel-
laneous Income
2,315,302
Repayment of Debts due to Government
803,313
Total Estimated Revenue...
53,275,926
EXPENDITURE.
Reduction of Domestic Debt
...
...
$19,472,790
Reduction of Foreign Debt
1,726,265
•
...
Imperial Expenditure and Payments to H.M.'s Relations
Various Pensions
Dai Jo Kuwan
Gen Ro In...
Foreign Department (Gai Mu Sho) Home Department (Nai Mu Sho).. Finance Department (O Kura Sho) War Department (Riku Gun Sho) Navy Department (Kai Gun Sho) Educational Department (Mon Bu Sho)
Public Works Department (Ko Bu Sho)... Judicial Department (Shi Ho Sho
881,000
857,368
298,000
142,500
171,000
993,000
1,186,700
...
...
5,743,100
2,641,600
1,140,000
614,800 1,216,000
Imperial Household (Ku Nai Sho)
289,200
...
Colonization Department (Kai Taku Sho) Land Tax Reform Office
1,495,584
193,700
...
Post Office
1,099,000
Supplement for deficiency of Expenses for Public Works and
of Invested Capital for Manufactures
1,261,764
$41,423,363