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HONGKONG.
GOVERNORS.
Revenue.
Expenditure.
1843. Sir Henry Pottinger, Bart., G.C.B. 1814. Sir John F. Davis, Bart.... K.(.B. 1848. Sir George Bonham, Bart., K.C.B. 1832. Major-General Jervois (neting). 1863. Bir George Bonham, Bart., K.C.B. 1851. Sir John Bowring, Knt.
1857
58.842
65.197
1858
62,178
62.979
1859
65,225
68.109
1800
94,182
72.390
1801
127,241
109,632
1802
131,612
122,423
1864. Lieut.-Colonel Caine (Lieut.-Governor).
1863
120,029
121,888
1859. Sir Hercules (. R. Robinson, Knt.
1884
132,884
159,022
1862. William T. Mercer (acting)
1865
175,717
195,376
1881. Sir Hercules Robinson, Knt.
Population.
1865. W. T. Mercer (acting).
European and American.
Chinese, &c.
Total.
1866. Sir Richard Graves MacDonnell, C.B.
1862
1,604
121.907
123.511
1883
1,614
123,206
124,850
Revenue.
Expenditure.
1864
1,983
119,536
121.498
1846
£27,048
£60,351
1805
2,034
123,470 125,504
1847
81,078
60,959
1818
26,091
62,668
Number and Tonnage of Vessels entered at Ports
in Hongkong.
1849
23.617
$8,986
Number of Vessels. Tonnage.
1860
23,528
84,314
1859
1,158
626,536
1851
23,721
84,115
1860
1,534
875,199
1852
21,331
34,765
1881
1,259
658,196
1863
24,700
86.418
1862
1.390
688,829
1854
27,045
84.635
1803
1,822
894,924
1855
47.973
40.813
1804
2.264
1,013,748
1856
35,500
42,426
1806
2,200
1,063,259
(From the China Pilot.)
Hongkong Island.-About 9 miles long, N.W. by W., and S.E. by E., 2 to 5 miles broad, and with an area of about 29 square miles, lies between Lamma Island and the main, from which it is separated by a narrow channel a quarter of a mile wide, named Ly-ee-moon pass. The appearance of the island is somewhat picturesque, but on the whole it is generally barren and unprepossessing. It consists for the most part of rocky ranges, on the highest summit of which, Victoria Peak, 1,825 feet above the sea level, at the north- west part of the island, is a signal station, which communicates with the town of Victoria on the north and the ocean on the south. The island was first ceded to Great Britain by the treaty of Canton, in January, 1841, and again by the treaty of Nanking in August, 1842. The British settlement of Victoria is on its north side, nearly abreast of Kowloon point, the extreme of the peninsular of the mainland which forms the west side of Kowloon bay, and which was ceded to Great Britain by the treaty of 1860. Water abounds every- where, and is supplied to shipping by tanks; each valley of the least pretension sends its stream to the cultivated grounds near the shore, where a portion is retained for irrigation and the remainder is permitted to find its way to the sea.
The population of Hongkong, in 1841, was only 5,000 but in 1861, it amounted to 119,321, of whom only 1,557 were European, and the remainder Chinese. In 1860, the total number of vessels entered was 1,534, amounting to 875,199 tons, of which 272 vessels, 160,410 tons, were in ballast. The native boats frequenting the island import sugar, alum, sulphur, nut-oil, provisions, &c.; taking in exchange opium, manufactured goods, and saltpetre.
The shores of Hongkong, are indented by numerous bays, of which the most con- siderable are on its south-east shore. There is good anchorage throughout the entire channel between the island and the main, except in the Ly-ee-moon pass, where the water is deep; but the best anchorage is in Hongkong roads, in front of the settlement, where the depth is from 5 to 9 fathoms over good holding ground. During the Typhoon months' the anchorage in the northern part of the roads is considered preferable, in consequence of the shelter afforded by Kowloon peninsular to the north east, the point from which the wind blows hardest. The inner anchorage in Victoria bay is in 6 and 7 fathoms water, about half a mile off shore, abreast the ordinance jetty, where a vessel will be sheltered from the eastward by Kellett Island and the rocks off east or Matheson point, and be out of the strength of the tide.
Aberdeen Dock.—Aberdeen or Shekpywan harbour is a narrow inlet formed between the south-west shore of Hongkong and a small island off it named Aberdeen or Taplichau. On the Hongkong shore of the harbour is a private graving granite dock, with caisson
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