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township of Kautong Sz'. There are 6000 inhabitants, and ten schools. The principal surnames are Lai and Wan. A market is held every five days.
Shi-tau
A village on Tai-kuk Wai a short distance west of San-tsú. It has 4000 inhabitants of the surnames Hán, Lo RETstung and Chan. There are fifty shops, several tem- ples, and sereral establishments for the preparation and sale of beans, that are grown in large quantities in the neighborhood. A ferry boat-runs regularly to Nám-teng on the opposite side of the river.
Shek-sz' Tau
A village on Tai-kuk-wai, southeast from the Second Bar Pagoda. It has a population of about 6000, of the surname of Chan. There are ten schools, upwards of one hundred shops, and several large ancestral halls. A market is held here four days in each month. A winding creek, opening into the river below the Pagoda, leads to the village. The villagers are not accustomed to foreigners, and some of the lower class do not hesitate to treat them rudely.
These thirty-eight villages all belong to the townships of Lukpò and Káutong, but do not comprise all the villages within the limits of these two townships. The district of Púnyü, which extends from Canton to the Bogue, is subdivided into four sz' or townships, besides the region near the capital itself. Each of these townships is presided over by a tsun-kim sz', or supervisor of townships, to whom is com- mitted the regulation of general affairs relating to the wellbeing of the villages. He communicates and consults with the gentry and elders of each village, and reports upon taxes and other matters to the district magistrate. The total population of the thirty villages, according to the estimate of the inhabitants themselves, is about 117,000, the great majority of whom are engaged in agricultural pursuits. The land is very fertile, much of it producing three crops annually, the third one being usually a crop of vegetables transplaut- ed into the field after the second crop of rice has been reaped in November. The total number of schools is reckoned at 222, includ- ing three for girls; the average attendance is probably about 15 to each school.