1842
A Chinese Chrestomathy
9
low; and the chapter closes with the celebrated edict of commissioner Lin for the surrender of opium. In consequence of this cdict 20,283 chests were immediately surrendered, and afterwards destroyed, un- der Lin's superintendence near the forts at the Bogue.
In chapter 7th, ' Mechanical Affairs' are treated of, and in detail, the names of all common articles, mechanical operations, mechanical implements, are enumerated, and when necessary, described. The names of colors are also given.
4
The 8th chapter is occupied with 'Architectural Affairs.' Ships and carriages and all their appendages are described under this head.
In chapter 9th, the implements, operations, and importance, of 'Agriculture' are the leading topics of discourse.
Chapter 10th is devoted to the Liberal Arts.' “I have heard peo- ple speak of the six liberal arts in China; may I ask what they are? They are,' it is said in reply, 'etiquette, music, archery, charioteer- ing, writing, and arithmetic.'” Each of these six forms the subject of a separate section; in the second, under the head of music, is given a pretty full account of musical instruments, which are formed on five principles.
Chapter 11th is devoted to ' Mathematics.' Here are specified the different methods of notation in use among the Chinese: and also their common rules of arithmetic, measures of length, of capacity, weights, land measures, and measure of time; with notices of geome- try, trigonometry, and astronomy.
In chapter 12th, 'Geography' is the leading subject. The shape of the earth and meteorology are noticed in the first and second sec- tions. In the third, the nations of Asia are enumerated; those of Europe are given in the fourth; those of Africa in the fifth; and those of America in the sixth. Some of the principal islands of the sea are noticed in the seventh; and in the eighth and ninth are brief- ly described the territorial divisions of the Chinese empire and of Canton province.
'Mineralogy' is the subject of chapter 13th, which gives the names of the minerals and metals most common in China.
Botany' is the subject of the 14th chapter. The various parts of plants are first enumerated and described. Then are given alpha- betical lists of forest trees, fruit trees, vegetables and grains, orna- mental flowers, and a collection of miscellaneous plants.
'Zoology' is the subject of chapter 15th. Here the different parts of animals are first described, and then are enumcrated the animals of different kinds—mammalia, birds, reptiles, fishes (246 in number) erustacea and mollusca and insects