370
Coast of China and Coreà.
JULY,
Aurothef mid-chanuel mark is to bring two distant points on the main land in one line with each other, bearing S. 73° E. When the whole of Toki comes open of Long island, N. ↑ W., you will be to the eastward of the shoal, and may haul out to the northward.
As a stranger may have some difficulty in distinguishing the lead- ing marks, he had better keep nearly as possible in mid-channel be- tween Tángchoo foo and Long island, not coming too near the main to avoid a reef of rocks which extends 2 or 3 miles to the northward from the east part of Tángchow foo with deep water near it.
The south side of Long island, to the westward of the spit, is clear, with 6 and 7 fathoms within a mile of the beach. There is also the same depth near the south side of Middle island; between these two islands a deep bay is formed, with a depth of 3 fathoms, where small vessels might be well sheltered. The southwest point of Long island is in lat. 37° 54′ N., and 120° 48′ 30′′ E., or 1° 20′ to" W. of Pagoda hill in Chusan.
'The Miaotao group is composed of 4 principal islands, and some rocks or islets. To the west are the greater and lesser Heshan (or Black islands), the small middle islands is Mioatao (or Temple is land), and Changskan (or Long island) considerably the largest, is the easterninost. The harbor for Chinese junks (which is the port of Tangchow foo), is the bay formed between Miaotao and Chang-
shan.
From Toki towards the mouth of the Pei ho. From the Quoin, the Wellesley steered a W. N. W. course towards the Pei ho, carrying regular soundings 12 and 14 fathoms water until in latitude 38° 41′ N., and longitude 118° 15′ E., when it shoaled to 9 fathoms, and then decreased gradually to 6, in which depth the ship was anchored in lat. 38° 55' N., and long. 118° 4′ E. From this anchorage the land (which is very low near the entrance of the Pei ho), could scarcely be distinguished in clear weather. By the Chinese, Pei ho is called, i. e. “Whité river.”
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At another anchorage in 6 fathems, in lat. 38° 58′ N., and long. 118° 7′ E:, a fort at the entrance of the Pei ho, seen from the mast head, bore N. 87° W. by compass.
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About 7 miles to the eastward of this anchorage is the southwest point of an extensive shoal, composed of coarse sand and rocks, to avoid which, when running in for the anchorage off the Pei ho, ships should keep 2 or 3 miles to the southward of 38° 59′ N. until the water shoals to 8 or 7 fathoms, when they may keep to the north- ward, anchoring so as to be sheltered from the sea which sets in dur ing strong northeasterly winds.