253
PUBLE RECORD OFFICE
Reference :-
C.O. 885
296
Australia, £5 millions; New Zealand, £5 millions; Ceylon, £3 millions; British West Indies, £1 millions.
The imports from Canada were mainly-grain and fleur (£44 millions), cheese (£3 millions), animals for food (£1 millions), bacon and hams (£1 millions), fish (£ million), butter (£1 million), and apples (£ million).
The imports from India were chiefly-tea, £5 millions; rice, £1 millions; and (in some years) wheat, which, however, fluctuates very much, rising to 2 or 3 millions, or more, in exceptional years and sinking to almost nothing in years of famine.
From Australia we imported meat (£2 millions), grain and flour (£2 millions), butter (£1 millions).
The bulk of our food imports from New Zealand were-meat (£31 millions), butter (£ million), and grain (£ million).
The imports from Ceylon were almost entirely tea, and from the West Indies, cocoa, sugar, spirits, and fruit.
The following figures show the percentages of our total imports of some of the principal articles of food and drink derived from foreign countries and British possessions respectively in 1901 :----
Grain and flour
From-
Foreign Countries.
British Possessions.
Per cent.
Per cent.
87
13
Meat (including live animals)
83
17
9
91
Tea..
86
14
Butter
38
62
Cherne
95
5
Sugar
75
25
Coffee
74
26
Cocoa
89
11
Fruit
81
Spirits
97
19 3
297
head; Western Australia, 81.; New South Wales, 71. 7s.; Victoria, 61. 16s.; South Australia, 61. 12s. The amount for the Dominion of Canada is 37. 1-48., and for Queens- land, 31. 13s.
With respect to our imports of food-stuffs only, New Zealand again heads the list with 61. 138. per head, followed by Canada, 27. 10s.; and Victoria, 21, 38.
As regards exports of United Kingdom produce, Western Australia takes 131. 148. per head of her population; New Zealand, 77. 5s.; New South Wales, 61. 8s.; Natal, 51. 168.; and the Cape, 51,
As to the amounts per head of the articles manufactured and partly manu- factured in the United Kingdom which are imported by the various Colonies, Western Australia stands first with 121. 58., followed by New Zealand, 61. 12s.; New South Wales. 5l. 128.; South Australia, 41. 148.; Straits Settlements, 41. 138.; Natal, 41. 12s.; Victoria, 41. 28.; Queensland, 31, 18s.; Cape of Good Hope, 31. 178.; Tasmania, 21. 178.
It should be noted that, in considering the statistics of trade with the Colonies, a somewhat disturbing effect is produced by the inclusion of the figures for Indian trade, which are very large in absolute magnitude but very small in relation to the vast Indian population, and which, so far as food-stuffs are concerned, fluctuate very widely according to the Indian rainfall, and thus tend to produce a misleading impression when added to the totals of trade with the other parts of the Empire. If food-stuffs from Irdia and Ceylon be excluded, the percentage of our food and drink imports derived from colonial sources in 1901 was 13, and this is exactly the average of the period 1897-1901.
Commercial and Statistical Department, Board of Trade, June 1902.
A. E. B.
8
PUBLIC RECORD OFFICE, LONDON,
ALLY WITHOUT PERMISSION OF THE] BE REPRODUCED PHOTOGRAPHIC- COPYRIGHT PHOTOGRAPH-NOT TO
Wines
Exports of Manufactures.-The exports of articles, wholly or partly manu- factured in the United Kingdom, to British possessions amounted, in 1901, to about two-thirds of those sent to foreign countries, or two-fifths of the total exports of these articles to all destinations, the figures being 92,000,000l. to British possessions and 136,000,000l. to foreign countries.
Among the chief categories of articles which we exported in much greater quantities to the Colonies than to foreign countries were-apparel and slops (4,800,000!., compared with 729,0001.); carriages and waggons (2,400,000l., compared with 1,200,0001.); telegraphic wire (2,100,0007., compared with 1,100,0002.); haber- dashery (1,200,0001, compared with 225,0001.); hafs, paper, printed books, glass, soap, medicines, leather goods and saddlery, and manufactured tobacco.
Of our exports of cotton yarn and manufactures, 32,500,0001. went to Colonies and 41,000,000l. to foreign countries. Of woollen yarne and manufactures, 6,000,000%. went to the Colonies and 13,500,0001. to foreign countries.
The Colonies and possessions which take from the United Kingdom the largest amounts of manufactured and partly manufactured articles are British India, £38 millions; Australia, £19 millions; Cape of Good Hope, £9 millions; Dominion of Canada, £7 millions; New Zealand, £5 millions; Natal, .£41 millions. Among the States of the Australian Commonwealth, New South Wales comes first with £7 millions, followed by Victoria, £5 millions.
Trade with the Colonies per Head of Population.—A comparison may also be made of the magnitude of the import and export trade of the United Kingdom with the various Colonies and possessions in relation to the population of those Colonies and possessions. For the purpose of this comparison the various States of the Australian Commonwealth are treated as separate Colonies.
As regards our total importa, New Zealand contributes the largest amount per head of her population, viz., 187. 14.; next come the Straits Settlements, 91. 18. per
STATISTICAL TABLES.
1. Imports, into the United Kingdom from Foreign Countries and British Possessions
respectively (1897-1901).
II. Imports of Food Stuffs from various British Possessions (1897–1901).
III. Exports of British Produce to Foreign Countries and British Possessione (1897-
1901).
IV Exports of Articles Manufactured and Partly Manufactured in the United
Kingdom to the Principal British Colonies and Possessions (1901).
V. Import and Export Trade of United Kingdom with each British Colony and
Possession (1897-1901).
VI. Trade of United Kingdom with Principal British Colonies and Possessions per
head of population (1901).
VIL Imports of Principal Classes of Food Stuffe from certain Colonies and Possessions
(1901).
VIII. Exports of Principal Manufactured Articles to Foreign Countries and British
Possessions (1900-1901).
IX. Trade of each British Colony and Possession with the United Kingdom, other
British Possessions, and Foreign Countries (1900).
U u 2
298
I. IMPORTS INTO THE UNITED KINGDOM FROM FOREIGN COUNTRIES AND BRITISH POSSESSIONS RESPECTIVELY (1897-1901).