PUBLIC RECORD OFFICE
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TTIC.O.885
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PUBLIC RECORD OFFICE, LONDON
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44.-Prevention of Offences.
Any person is justified in using such force as may be A. 55. reasonably necessary in order to prevent the commission of any B. 54, offence as to which it is provided that the offender may be 0.266. arrested without a warrant, and the commission of which would be likely to cause immediate and serious injury to the person or property of any one; or in order to prevent any act being done which he, upon reasonable grounds, believes would, if com- mitted, amount to such an offence.
45.-Self-Defence against`unprovoked Assault.
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Any person who is unlawfully assaulted, and has not 'A. 56. provoked the assault, is justified in using such force to the B. 55. assailant as is reasonably necessary to make effectual defence C. 271. against the assault, provided that the force used is not intended, and is not such as is likely, to cause death or grievous bodily injury. And he is justified in inflicting death or grievous bodily injury on the person assaulting him if the nature of the assault is such as to raise in his mind reasonable apprehension of death or grievous bodily injury, and if he believes on reasonable grounds that he cannot otherwise preserve himself from death or grievous bodily injury.
46.-Self-Defence against provoked Assault.
Any person who has without justification assaulted, or B. 56. provoked an assault from, another, and is under reasonable C. 272. apprehension of death or grievous bodily injury from the violence of the person first assaulted or provoked, is justified in using such force subsequent to such assault as he believes on reason. able grounds to be necessary for his own preservation from death or grievous bodily injury;
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provided that he did not cominence the assault with intent to cause death or do grievous bodily injury, and did not at any time before the necessity for preserving himself arose endeavour to cause death or do grievous bodily injury;
provided also, that before such necessity arosc he declined further conflict, and quitted, or retreated from, it as far as was practicable.
Provocation within the meaning of this and the last preced- ing section may be given by blows, words, or gestures.
47.-Prevention of Insult.
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Any person is justified in using force in defence of his own A. 58. person or that of any one under his protection from an assault C. 270 accompanined with insult; provided that he uses no more Cf. India, force than is necessary to prevent such assault, or the repetition of it; provided also that this section shall not justify the wilful infliction of any injury or mischief disproportionate to the insult which it was intended to prevent.
48.-Aiding in Self-Defence.
In any case in which any person is justified in using force 0.273. of any degree for the purpose of defending himself against an assault, any other person acting in good faith in his aid is justified in using a like degree of force for the purpose of defending him.
୮
A. 39.
1. 59. 0.274.
À. 60.
B. 59.
C. 275.
A. 61.
B. 60. C. 276.
A. 64. B. 63. C. 277.
A. 65. B. 64. a. 278.
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49.-Defence of movable Property against a TrespassÉT,
Any person who is in possession of any movable property or thing, and any person lawfully assisting him or acting under his authority, is justified in using reasonable force in resisting the taking of such property or thing by a trespasser, or in retaking it from such trespasser, provided he does not strike or do actual bodily injury to such trespasser; and if any trespasser forcibly resists the exercise of any force justified by this section, he shall be deemed to commit an assault without justification or provocation.
50.-Defence of movable Property with Claim of Right.
Any person who is in possession of any movable property or thing under a claim of right, and any person lawfully assist- ing him or acting under his authority, is protectedTM from criminal responsibility for using reasonable force in defending such possession against a person entitled by law to the possession of such property or thing, provided he does not strike or do actual bodily harm to such person; and if the person so entitled, thereupon attempts to take such property or thing from, or otherwise assaults the person in possession thereof, or any person lawfully assisting him or acting under his authority, he shall be deemed to commit an assault without justification or provocation.
51.-Defence of movable Property by a Person without Claim of Right.
Or
A person who is in possession of any movable property thing, but neither claims a right thereto, nor acts under the authority of a person claiming a right thereto, is neither justified in, nor protected from criminal responsibility for using force in defending his possession against a person entitled by law to the possession of such property or thing; and if the person so entitled attempts to take any such property or thing, and the person in possession thereof, or any person assisting him or acting under his authority resists, and the person entitled thereupon assaults the person in possession, or any person assisting him or acting under his authority, such assault shall be deemed to have been justified and provoked.
52.-Defence of immovable Property, Ship, or Vehicle against a Trespasser.
Any person who is in possession of any immovable property, or any ship or vehicle, and any person lawfully assisting him or acting under his authority, is justified in using reasonable force to prevent any person from trespassing, or to remove any person who is trespassing, on such property, vehicle or ship, provided he does not strike or do actual bodily injury to such trespasser; and if any trespasser forcibly resists the exercise of any fores justified by this section he shall be deemed to commit an assault without justification or provocation.
53.-Defence of immovable Property, Ship, or Vehicle with a Claim of“ Right.
Any person who is in possession of any immovable property or any ship or vehicle under a claim of right, and any person lawfully assisting him or acting under his authority, is pro-
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