300
PUBLIC RECORD OFFICE
Reference :-
885/26
PUBLIC RECORD OFFICE, LONDON
ALLY WITHOUT PERMISSION OF THE BE REPRODUCED PHOTOGRAPHIC- COPYRIGHT PHOTOGRAPH-NOT TO
Dr. M. N. Tovar
Dr. White
Dr. H. F. Wilson
Culicidæ.
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Insects killed by fumigation (Liverpool). Tabanidæ and Culicidă (Uganda).
Entomological Department.-Extensive collections of mosquitoes have been sent to us from various parts of Venezuela, numbering in all nearly 2,000 specimens. These have been specifically determined, and reports thereon have been sent to the investigators, Drs. Chacin Ifriago and M. Nunez Tovar, respectively.
The collection of mosquitoes made by Dr. R. M. Gordon, during his expedition to the Amazon, has been worked out, and a report dealing with the various species, including four which are new to seience, has been published in the Annals of this School.
At the request of Dr. A. Ingratis collections of rat fleas made at Accra, Gold Coast, during each month throughout the year August 1921-July, 1922, were identified. The object of this investigation was to determine whether or not there was any seasonal variation in the species of fleas found on Accra rats, which would account for the discrepancies in the records hitherto existing. Altogether 1,298 specimens belonging to six species were determined, and no evidence of seasonal variation was found. An interesting discovery during the investigation was the occurrence, for the first time in Africa, of the Indian flea Xenopsylla astia, which has recently been considered to be an important factor in those parts of India where plague does not exist..
Collections of various other blood-sucking insects have also been submitted to us for determination, chiefly from the following countries: Africa-Kenya Colony, Soudan, the Cameroons, Sierra Leone; Trinidad. and China.
We have also examined material treated on board ships with hydrocyanic acid gas, on behalf of the Liverpool Port Sanitary Authority.
The following investigators have been given facilities and free tables for study
and research :-
(1) Miss J. Gregory, M.Sc. (Manchester University).
Subject: Determination of material collected by her during a mosquito. malarial survey in a mining district in India. For a period of fourteen days.
(2) Colonel S. R. Christophers, O.B.E., I.M.S.
Subject; A critical examination of the Anopheline mosquitoes in the Collections of this School. For the period extending from 22nd May to 6th July, 1922. ·
(3) Dr. A. Ingram, West African Medical Service.
Adler, S.
In continuation of his joint work on the Ceratopogonine midges of West Africa. For a period of six weeks.
PUBLICATIONS.
Ancylostomes in Animals in Freetown. Ann. Trop. Med. & Parasit. Vol. XVI., No. 3, p. 293.
In ten young dogs two to three months old, A. caninum was constantly present, but no 4. ceylanicum were found. An examination of ten adult dogs recorded A: ceylanicum present in eight and A. caninum present in every case:
Six domestic cats were also examined. A. ceylanicum, was found in five, and of these three were also infected with A. caninum.
Of three adult civet cats (Fiverra civetta), one was infected with
1. duodenale, and another with A. ceylanicum.
One genet was examined and found to be infected with-A、 caninum and A, duodenale. Three instances of hyper-parasitism were observed in each case, A. caninum being attached to segments of Dipylidium caninum.
Blacklock, B. The Signs of Filarial Disease. Ann. Trop. Med. & Parasit. Vol.
XVI., No. 2, p. 107.
1. Two hundred and forty cases were examined at Mabang, Protec- torate of Sierra Leone, in July to August, 1921, with a view to establishing a correlation between "signs of filarial disease"- and the occurrence of Microfilaria bancrofti in the blood.
2. The figures obtained do not show the same kind of correlation in these respects as do Stephens's figures, obtained by analysing Manson Bahr's Fiji cases.
3.
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The figures obtained show that in this series many of the "signs of filarial disease" have no more correlation with the presence of microfilaria in the blood than has hernia; some have less.
Blacklock, B. The Pathological Effects Produced by Strongyloides in a Chimpanzee.
& Adler, S. Ann. Trop. Med. & Parasit. Vol. XVI., No. 3, p. 283.
A Chimpanzee which died suddenly was found to have numerous recent hæmorrhages in both lungs.
The hemorrhages were found to be due to filariform Strongyloides larvæ. Larvæ were found in the lungs, trachea and bronchi, in the heart's blood, in pericardial fluid, in the liver and spleen. Blacklock, B. A heavy infection of Strongyloides was found in the jejunum, where & Adler, S. a tumour, probably caused by irritation, was present. Adult Strongy:
loides were found at all levels down to the circular muscle layer. Blacklock, B. Pulmonary Lesions in Dogs and Cats, Naturally Infected with & Adler, S. Nematodes. Ann. Trop. Med. & Parasit. Vol. XVI, No. 3, p. 291.
In an examination of twenty-five dogs and five cats in Freetown, pulmonary lesions were present in all the animals examined, all these animals were infected with ancylostomes, and the authors came to the conclusion that the pulmonary condition was due to the invasion of Nematode larvæ.
Evans,
Owing to the lack of material they were unable to ascertain the presence of these lesions in the lungs of human beings. They point out, however, that the constantly recurring trauma to the lung tissue, by the passage of Nematode larvæ, may be an important accessory factor to the well-known liability of the native to phthisis. Notes on Culicide in Venezuela, with Descriptions of New Species. Alwen, M. Part II. Ann. Trop. Med. & Parasit. Vol. XVI., No. 2, p. 313.
This paper describes two new species of Culicidæ, "Anopheles (Arri- balzagia Venezuela," and "Psorophora (Janthinosoma) tovari.' addition to the above the distribution of nineteen other species in Venezuela is given.
In
Gordon, R.M. Ancylostomes Recorded from sixty-seven Post-mortems performed
in Amazonas. Ann. Trop. Med. & Parasit. Vol. XVI, No. 2, p. 223. Six thousand eight hundred and fifty seven ancylostomes collected from sixty-seven autopsies performed in Manáos, Amazonas, were examined, with the results recorded. A far higher proportion of A. duodenale to Necator americanus (1 : 4.7) occurred in Amazonas than recorded by Darling for South Brazil (1: 45). This high proportion of
A. duodenale was shown to be chiefly due to the country dwellers in Amazonas, whose A. duodenale to Necator americanus ratio was 1: 3.2, while that of the city dwellers was 1 : 12.
Gordon, R.M. A. braziliense was found in four of the post-mortems.
The comparison of these worms and other two-toothed ancylostomes from dogs and cats in North Brazil and India, and also from cats in South Africa and dogs in West Africa, failed to show the difference claimed to exist by de Faria between A. ceylanicum and 4. braziliense. Gordon, R.M. The Occurrence of Ancylostomes Resembling Necator americanus
amongst domestic pigs in Amazonas,
Ann. Trop. Med. & Parasit. Vol. XVI., No. 3, p. 295.
Of fifteen domestic pigs examined for ancylostomes in Amazonas,
75
per cent. showed an infection with what is in all probability Necator americanus. Such a high proportion of infection would suggest that
the pig, in this locality at any rate, plays a part of some importance in the spread of ancylostomiasis
Gordon, R.M. The Susceptibility of the Individual to the Bites of Stegomyia calopus. Ann. Trop. Med. & Parasit. Vol. XVI., No. 3, p. 229.
The following factors were found not to exert any influence on the number of bites received by the individual.
(1) Length of residence in Brazil; (2) sweating of surfaces exposed to bites; (3) hairiness; (4) coloration; (5) age; (6) nationality.