28
PUBLIC RECORD OFFICE
C.O.
Reference :-
885/25
PUBLIC RECORD OFFICE, LONDON
ALLY WITHOUT PERMISSION OF THE BE REPRODUCED PHOTOGRAPHIC- COPYRIGHT PHOTOGRAPH—NOT TO
38
was accepted for publication by the editor of the "J.R.A.M.C.," and it is expected to appear in the number for receinber (6).
Further. I have written an account of my malarial experiences. An interest- ing biological point discussed is the meaning, and possible explanation, of the difference in the seasonal prevalence of benign and malignaut tertian malaria in certain areas (e.g., Palestine). I also discuss the question of the supposedly different strains of the malignant tertian parasite in different malarious zones of the Mediterranean basin. On morphological grounds there is no reason to suppose any definite varietal or specific characters distinguish this type of parasite in different areas. In my opinion a reasonable explanation of the difference in the severity of the disease to which this type gives rise in different localities can be offered on general biological grounds, such as the intensity of the infection in the first place (this being directly dependent upon the degree to which the mosquitoes themselves are infected), and, in the second place, the susceptibility of the unaccustomed human host. This paper, also, has been offered to the editor of the "J.R.A.M.C."
1
At the present time I am working at the Lister Institute, engaged in the completion of the study of the parasitic Protozoa brought back by the "Terra Nova" Antarctic Expedition. As briefly indicated in my last report, this work was begun in 1915, in collaboration with Miss O. Lodge, before I undertook war service. Unfortunately, though unavoidably, its completion has been delayed until now. The most interesting form, and the only one of which well-fixed material, sufficient in quantity, is available for examination, is a large ciliate, ectopara- sitic on the baleen plates of the humpback whale (megaptera longimana), where it occurs in enormous numbers. The parasite lives entirely on the red blood- corpuscles of the whale, and produces. as a result of their digestion, masses of pigment, similar in appearance to the melanin pigment of the malarial parasites. Apart from some of the hemosporidia, there is no other known instance of a proto- zoan parasite producing this pigment. In the case of the only other ciliate which is known to feed on red cells, namely balantidium, pigment is not formed. This ciliate is a new type of heterotrichan, belonging to the family stentoride, and occupying, apparently, a position intermediate between stentor and folliculina (freia). In the active, trophic condition, the parasite lives mainly in a long, gela- tinous tube, which (according to the rough notes accompanying the material) can be secreted with great rapidity. Many different types of form, with transition- stages, and also stages in division, have been observed, and drawn, and it is hoped to have the account ready for publication shortly.
December, 1919.
H. M. WOODCOCK.
LIST OF PUBLICATIONS EURING THE PERIODS COVERED BY THIS REPORT.
54
(1.) (With J. C. Ledingham and W. J. Penfold.) Recent Bacteriological Experiences with Typhoidal Disease and Dysentery; with Notes on the Protozoan Parasites in the Excreta." British Medical Journal, 1915. ii., pp. 704-711, 4 figures.
(2.) (With W. J. Penfold.) 'Further Notes on Protozoan Infections occurring at the King George Hospital." British Medical Journal, 1916, i., pp. 407-409, 6 figures.
(3.) "Observations on Coprozoic Flagellates; together with a suggestion as to the significance of the Kinetonucleus in the Binucleata." Philosophic Transactions of the Royal Society, B 207, 1916 (April), pp. 375-412, 3 plates. (This paper was completed and offered to the Royal Society in June, 1915, before I began war service.)
(4.) (With W. J. Penfold and A. H. Drew.) "The Excystation of Entamoeba histolytica (tetragena). as an Indication of the Vitality of the Cysts." British Medical Journal, 1916, i., pp. 714-715, 8 figures.
(5.) "Protozoa." Zoology Record for 1916, vol. 53, December, 1919, 28 pp. (6.) "The Relative Proportions of Amoebic and Bacillary Dysentery. among the Troops of the Egyptian Expeditionary Force during the season of 1917; together with some remarks on the question of Cyto-Diagnosis." Journal
R.A.M.C., vol. 33. December, 1919.
27584
39
No. 24.
THE LIVERPOOL SCHOOL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE to COLONIAL
OFFICE.
~6
(Received 5th June, 1920.)
B10, Exchange Buildings, Liverpool, SIR,
Wednesday, 2nd June, 1920. I HAVE the honour to enclose for the information of the Tropical Diseases Advisory Committee the following Report of the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine for the half-year ending 30th April, 1920, on the work done in connexion with the Government Grant:
SIR,
(1) Joint Report of the Sir Alfred Jones Professor of Tropical Medicine (Lt. Col. J. W. W. Stephens, R.A.M.C.), and the Walter Myers Pro- fessor of Parasitology (Professor Warrington Yorke).
(2) Report of the Dutton Professor of Entomology (Professor Robert
Newstead).
I am, &c.,
Enclosure in No. 24.
J. L. MCCARTHY,
For Acting Secretary.
The Incorporated Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine,
H24, Exchange Buildings, Liverpool, 1st May, 1920. WE beg to submit the following Report for the period 1st November, 1919, to 30th April, 1920 :—
Tuition. The number of students attending the course of instruction for the Diploma in Tropical Medicine during the Lent term was thirteen, and six veterin- ary students attended the post-graduate course in Veterinary Parasitology for the Diploma in Veterinary Hygiene.
New Laboratories.-The War Office having vacated the new building in Pem- broke Place, which had been used since 1915 as a Military Hospital, the staff of the School took possession in December. A description of the new laboratories is held over until our next Report, when the premises of the School will have been officially opened.
Sir Alfred Jones Research Laboratory, Sierra Leone.-Arrangements are in active progress for the erection of the Laboratory on Tower Hill, Freetown, a site selected in 1915 by Professor Yorke and Dr. Blacklock. This site comprises one and a half acres on the northern slope of Tower Hill, commanding a view of the town and harbour. The School is greatly indebted to the Colonial Office and the War Office for the gift of the site.
Manaos Research Laboratory.-Dr. R. M. Burnie, one of the three assistants appointed in September, 1919, to the staff of the Manaos Research Laboratory, left England in January, 1920, for Brazil.
Museum.-The Committee of the School offer their best thanks to the following gentlemen who have sent valuable specimens to the School during the past year :—
Dr. L. O. Howard. Washington.
staff:-
Dr. A. Ingram, Accra.
Dr. A. Lutz, Brazil.
Dr. J. W. S. Macfie, Accra.
Mr. A. W. N. Pillers, Liverpool.
Major J. A. Sinton. Persia.
Mr. Walton, North Wales.
Dr. A. Weiss, Tunis.
Mr. F. C. Willcocks, Egypt.
Publications.-The following papers have been published by members of the Blacklock. B.-Ancylostoma ceylanicum in the Cat in Durban. Annals of Tropical
Medicine and Parasitology, Vol. XIII., p. 297.
Page 30Page 31
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PUBLIC RECORD OFFICE, LONDON
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40
Yorke, Warrington.-On Human Trypanosomiasis in Peru. Annals of Tropical
Medicine and Parasitology, Vol. XIII., p.
SIR,
459.
We have, &c..
J. W. W. STEPHENS, Professor of Tropical Medicine.
W. YORKE, Professor of Parasitology.
Enclosure 1 in No. 24.
The Incorporated Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine,
H24, Exchange Buildings, Liverpool, 1st May, 1920. Department of Medical and General ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY.
I HAVE the honour to submit a Report on the work done by the members of the staff of this Department for the half-year 1st November, 1919, to 30th April.
1920.
Lectures and Demonstrations.-A full course of instruction was given to the thirteen students attending this School during the Lent term for the Diploma of Tropical Medicine. A special course was also given to the six veterinary students who attended the post-graduate course in Veterinary Parasitology for the Diploma in Veterinary Hygiene.
Special Courses were also given to the undergraduates in the Zoology Depart- ment, and also to an honours student with special reference to the insect pests affecting cotton.
Research. Mr. H. F. Carter, in conjunction with Dr. Blacklock, has devoted a considerable amount of time to an investigation into the bionomics and relation to malaria of an anopheline mosquito which breeds in tree-holes. They have estab- lished the facts that the mosquito is capable, in laboratory experiments, of acting as the intermediate host of a malaria parasite, and that its breeding places occur in numerous districts in England, Ireland and Scotland. This investigation is being continued.
Mr. Carter is also engaged, in conjunction with myself, in an investigation, undertaken at the request of the Ministry of Health, with regard to the existence and determination of mosquitoes on board ships arriving in the Port of Liverpool from the West Coast of Africa.
Miss A. M. Evans, under my direction, has commenced an inquiry, requested by the Liverpool Port Sanitary Authority, into the incidence of the plague flea, Xenopsylla cheopis, in the Port of Liverpool, and it is further proposed to study the bionomics of this and other species known to be responsible for the transmission of plague.
Royal Society Grain Pests (War) Committee.-This investigation, which has latterly been conducted by Mr. H. M. Morris, under my direction, is being brought to a close, and a final report is in progress.
Identification of Insects.--Collections of specimens have been received for determination from the Imperial Bureau of Entomology, the Khedivial Agricul- tural Society, Egypt, per Mr. F. C. Willcocks, and a further collection of tsetse flies from the Belgian Government.
Publications.-
Blacklock, B., and Carter, H. F.-The Experimental Infection in England of Anopheles plumbeus, Stephens, and Anopheles bifurcatus, L., with Plas- modium vivax. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology., Vol
XIII, p. 413. Blacklock, B., and Carter, H. F.-Observations on Anopheles (Cœlodiazesis) plum- beus, Stephens, with special reference to its breeding places, occurrence in the Liverpool district, and possible connexion with the spread of malaria. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology.. Vol. XIII., n. 421.
Carter, H. F.-Descriptions of the Male Genital Armatures of the British Anophe- line Mosquitoes. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology..... Vol. XTTI., D. 453.
Bulletin of Ento-
Newstead. R.--Observations on Scale Insects (Coccide), VI.
mological Research., Vol. X.. 175.
p.
I have, &c..
ROBT. NEWSTEAD. Professor of Medical and Economic Entomology.
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No. 25.
THE LONDON SCHOOL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE to COLONIAL OFFICE. (Received 5th June, 1920.)
SIB,
Endsleigh Gardens, N.W.1., 4th June, 1920.
I HAVE the honour to submit herewith the half-yearly Reports of the Special Departments of the London School of Tropical Medicine, as follows:-
Entomology, Prof. A. Alcock, I.M.S., C.I.E., F.R.S Helminthology, Prof. R. T. Leiper. M.Sc., F.Z.S., Protozoology, Dr. J. Gordon Thomson.
I also enclose the following reprints of papers published by the Helmintho-
logical Department:-
C
"On the Namatode Parasites of a Chapman's Zebra,"
On the occurrence of conurus Glomeratus in Man in West Africa," On a cœnurus in the Rat,"
and a War Office publication* containing observations on Malaria by the Protozoologist.
Since the last Report the work of the London School of Tropical Medicine has been transferred from the Albert Dock, where it has been situated for the last The first Session opened there twenty years, to Endsleigh Gardens, Euston Road.
on 19th January. Besides the accommodation for the ordinary course there are Special Departments for Entomology, Helminthology, and Protozoology. Accom- modation has also been found for the Tropical Diseases Bureau within the school buildings.
As stated in the last Report, the Hospital for Tropical Diseases is situated within the same buildings, and therefore affords the very best opportunity to students to study tropical diseases.
I am, &c..
Enclosure 1 in No. 25.
P. MICHELLI,
Secretary.
REPORT OF DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY AND GENERAL MEDICAL ZOOLOGY FOR THE HALF-YEAR ENDING 30TH APRIL, 1920.
IN January, 1920, the Department moved from the Royal Albert Dock to The removal was effected without loss or the Endsleigh Gardens establishment. damage, thanks to the very efficient transport service provided by Mr. Michelli. For some weeks after settling at Endsleigh Gardens, however, while the doors were still without locks and gangs of workmen exercised rights of general entry, numerous small but useful articles of equipment disappeared.
The Department is well accommodated at Endsleigh Gardens, where also a small but sufficient insectarium has been built which is now complete in every specific detail except the electric radiator. When this last essential is provided, the Department will at last be able to maintain a desirable supply of living insects independent of season.
During the half-year the usual classes in Medical Entomology and Medical Zoology (venomous snakes and snake-venom) have been held; the number of students attending the autumn classes in these subjects was fifty-two, and the winter classes thirty-seven.
Major G. G. Jolly, I.M.S., an old and distinguished student of the school, worked in the Department during the month of February, but no advanced students have been formally entertained.
Material for the Museum and other teaching purposes has been received from Prof. R. Newstead, F.R.S., Dr. G. A. S. Madgwick (West Indies), Dr. E. Seelly (Siam), Capt. J. J. Watt (West Africa), and Dr. F. E. Whitehead (Somaliland). The Director of the Kasauli Institute has also been good enough to present a sample of anti-venomous serum for the exhibited cabinet of venomous snakes.
+ 71820.
* Not reprinted.