PUBLIC RECORD OFFICE
C.O.885
Reference :-
21 PUBLIC RECORD OFFICE, LONDON
ALLY WITHOUT PERMISSION OF THE BE REPRODUCED PHOTOGRAPHIC-
COPYRIGHT PHOTOGRAPH-NOT TO
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The attendants number one to every 12 or 15 patients, and the maintenance rate is ten pence per diem per patient.
I have given a fuller description of this institution than was really necessary on account of the objection always raised on the coast to adequate ventilation, which is held to cause pneumonia, chills, fever, &c., and with which on this point our institutions compare unfavourably.
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Prison.
45. I mention this institution in order to bring forward the fact that the compartment in which all the baking and cooking arrangements are carried on is screened" with mosquito gauze, and although a few insects get in, their number is very few indeed to that of those which desire admission.
GENERAL SANITATION AND ANTI-MALARIAL WORK.
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Para.
46. Para is a large town and port on the river bank near the mouth of the Amazon River with a population (75,000–100,000) which is in parts very crowded together. The temperature varies mostly between about 60 and 90 degrees F., and there is rain practically every day of the year. 47. Streets.-The streets, except in the outskirts, are all paved. They are narrow in the older and lower parts of the town, but in the newer are wider and open, and have rows of mango trees planted on each side. They are mostly kept in a good clean condition, but in the poorer parts this is not always the case. In the outskirts the main ones are quite 60 feet wide, but only a few are even partially paved, and most have only "cut" drains on each side. The cross roads are all grass covered.
The houses (residences) in the town proper are mostly one-storey buildings, and the better ones are all raised up off the ground, although the part underneath is often used during the heat of the day. In the outskirts are a number of mud houses with small compounds of a character very similar to those of Lagos.
48. Water Supply.-Water is supplied direct to the houses, the supply being brought to large iron tanks in the town which are situated at its highest part and raised to a con- siderable additional height on an iron framework, and from them is led to the service pipes. Water closets are fitted in all the houses. There is a system of sewers and drains in
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and about the town which opens into the river lower down, and the usual daily flushing by rain water appears to be very advantageous.
49. Refuse. The town refuse is collected daily in carts. These are two-wheeled vehicles drawn by horses, mules, or oxen, and are covered in by a front and a back lid, which works on an axis across the middle.
In many places the rubbish is simply put into heaps along the sides of the streets which the carts collect and
remove.
50. Slaughter-house.-The abattoir is situated on the river bank some little distance below the town, but unfortunately I was unable to visit it.
51. Anti-mosquito work.-Anti-mosquito work is carried on by the Commission (sec Anti-Yellow Fever Measures), and some filling in operations are proceeding by means of a pump dredger.
When the scheme of making a long river wall, which is now in progress, is complete, it will lead to a great improve- ment in the present condition of the river bank, where many river steamers tie up, and which is at parts very bad.
MANAOS.
many
of
52. Manaos, which is not so old as Para, and is 800 miles higher up the river, is a town of 30,000 to 40,000 people, situated on the bank of the Rio Negre. There is a good dea! of shipping, and some wharfage accommodation, but the small river boats simply tie up to the bank, stern on.
53. No meteorological record is kept. This was done at one time, but I understand the observations were discon- tinued as the observer.ccased to receive his emoluments.
54. Streets, houses, fc.-The streets in the town are paved, but in many parts the stones have not been laid with sufficient foundation to stand the weight of the traffic. The main one is wide, but the majority, however, are only of moderate width, andļa few are narrow, but these are not so bad as some in Para. All are cleaned up daily.
There are several open squares, which are under the care of the municipal authorities.
The houses are brick built and plastered in most cases, and in the main parts have several stories, but outside this only a few have more than one floor.
In the lower parts of the town there are plenty of houses on swampy ground; some, with their compounds, very much